2024屆高考英語一輪語法專題復習：4 介詞（新人教版）

　　語法專題4 介詞

　　Ⅰ.單句語法填空

　　1．(2024·浙江，10改編)Most people work because it's unavoidable.________contrast, there are some people who actually enjoy work.

　　答案：By　by contrast“相比之下”。句意：大部分人工作是因為它是無法逃避的。而相比之下，有些人工作是因為的確享受工作。

　　2．(2024·浙江，17改編)These comments came ________response to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.

　　答案：in　in response to“回應”。句意：這些評論出現是為了回應那些當地資訊記者經常問到的具體問題。

　　3．(2024·湖北，30改編)This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you ________advance that if you smoked here you would be fined.

　　答案：in　in advance提前。句意：會議室是非吸煙區。我想提前警告你：如果你在這兒吸煙的話。你會被罰款的。

　　4．(2024·重慶，10改編)Last year was the warmest year on record，with global temperature 0.68 ℃ ______ the average.

　　答案：above　above the average在一般水平以上。句意：去年是有記錄以來最熱的一年，全球氣溫比平均氣溫高0.68℃。

　　5．(2024·福建，22改編)A common memory they all have ________ their school days is the school uniform.

　　答案：of　they all have ________ their school days為memory的定語，可還原成have a memory of結構，意為“有……的回憶”。句意：他們對學校生活的共有回憶是校服。拓展：I have a vivid memory of her face.她的容貌栩栩如生地印在我腦海里。

　　6．(2024·福建，32改編)Human life is regarded as part of nature and，as such，the only way for us to survive is to live ________harmony with nature.

　　答案：in　in harmony with與……和諧共處。句意：人的生命被看作是自然界的一部分；就這點而論，我們要存活下來的唯一方式就是與大自然和諧共處。

　　7．(2024·課標全國Ⅱ，改編)He reported the case ________ the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in a strange city.

　　答案：to　句意為：他向警察報告了這個事件，然后孤獨迷茫地坐在一個陌生的城市里。report...to...為固定搭配，意為“向……報告……”。

　　8．(2024·福建，22改編)Our club is open to everyone regardless______age，sex or educational background.

　　答案：of　句意為：我們的俱樂部向每個人開放，不管你的年齡、性別或教育背景。regardless of意為“不管；不顧”，為固定搭配。

　　9．(2024·天津，6改編)In addition ______the school，the village has a clinic，which was also built with government support.

　　答案：to　句意為：除了學校之外，村子里還有一家診所，它也是在政府的支持下建起來的。根據下文關鍵詞also可知，學校也是政府開辦的，故填to，in addition to意為“除了……之外(還)”。

　　10．(2024·浙江，10改編)While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything______ return.

　　答案：in　句意為：當詹姆斯呆在這個村里的時候，他無私地把他有的所有東西與村民分享，不求任何回報。根據前面的單詞unselfishly可知他這樣做不圖回報。in return為固定短語，意為“作為回報”。

　　11．(2024·福建閩清聯考改編) The children dressed ______ long wool coats stopped to look at us.

　　答案：in　句意為：穿著長羊毛外套的孩子們停下來看著我們。be dressed in意為“穿著……”，為固定搭配。

　　12．(2024·福建廈門雙十中學檢測改編)The desire for self-improvement has led many Chinese students to pursue educational opportunities ________ physical classrooms.

　　答案：beyond　句意為：自我完善的愿望促使許多中國學生去追求超越實體課堂教育的機會。beyond意為“超出……”。

　　13．(2024·山東菏澤聯考改編)With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken ________ color.

　　答案：in　句意為：由于有了這項新的科技，水下的山谷可以被拍成彩色照片。in color意為“彩色的”，符合句意。

　　14．(2024·江蘇南通中學改編)She works well with those who are superior ________ her in the company.

　　答案：to　句意為：她與公司那些職務高于她的人相處得很好。be superior to意為“優于……；高于……”，為固定短語。

　　15．(2024·江蘇鹽城調研改編)________ the Hong Kong singer's current popularity, she was largely unknown in Chinese mainland before the talent show.

　　答案：Despite　句意為：雖然這個香港歌手現在很受歡迎，但是在才藝秀之前她在內地還不為人知。despite意為“雖然”，符合句意。

　　16．(2024·北京東城聯考改編)I have an appointment ______Dr. Brown, but I need to change it.

　　答案：with　句意為：我與布朗先生有約，但我需要改一下。have an appointment with sb.意為“與某人有約”，為固定短語。

　　17．(2024·陜西西安聯考改編)Whoever comes here to have the meeting will be treated ________ a wonderful dinner.

　　答案：to　句意為：所有來這兒開會的人都將享用美好的晚餐。treat sb. to sth.意為“款待，招待某人享用……”，是固定短語。

　　18．(2024·浙江名校聯考改編)Anyway, I can't tell lies about it—it's ________ my principles, you know.

　　答案：against　句意為：無論如何，對于這件事我不能說謊，你知道這違背了我的原則。against意為“反對；違反”，符合句意。

　　19．(2024·浙江，3)Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes ________ animals both on land and sea？

　　答案：to　be home to...“是……的家園”。

　　20．(2024·陜西，12改編)The little pupil took his grandma ________the arm and walked her across the street.

　　答案：by　“take sb. by＋身體部位”為固定搭配，意為“抓住某人的……”。句意：那個小學生抓著他奶奶的手臂，領她過了街道。拓展：The police took the thief by the collar and took him to the police station.警察抓住那個小偷的衣領，把他帶到了警察局。

　　Ⅱ.語法填空

　　在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。

　　Father's Day occurs on the 3rd Sunday in June. The idea for creating a day __1__ children to honor their fathers began in Spokane, Washington. A woman __2__ the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought __3__ the idea for Father's Day while listening to a Mother's Day sermon __4__ 1909.

　　Having been raised __5__ her father, Henry Jackson Smart, after her mother died, Sonora wanted her father to know special he was __6__ her. It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was, __7__ the eyes of his daughter, a courageous, selfless, and loving man. Sonora's father was born in June, so she chose to hold the first Father's Day celebration __8__ Spokane, Washington __9__ the 19th of June, 1910.

　　In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge announced the third Sunday in June __10__ Father's Day. Roses are the flowers for Father's Day.

　　1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______　5.______

　　6．______　7.______　8.______　9.______　10.______

　　答案：1.for　2.with　3.of　4.in　5.by　6.to　7.in　8.in　9.on　10.as

　　Ⅲ.單句改錯

　　1．(2024·新課標Ⅰ)Unfortunately，on the development of industrialization，the environment has been polluted.

　　答案：on改為with　with the development of...隨著……的發展。

　　2．(2024·新課標Ⅱ)Tony saw a toy on a shop window.

　　答案：on改為in　Tony看到櫥窗里有一個玩具，故用in。

　　3．(2024·課標全國Ⅰ，改編)Nearly five years ago，and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden.

　　答案：by改為of　句意為：大約五年前，在父親的幫助下，我和姐姐在后花園種植了一些圣女果。with the help of sb.為固定搭配，意為“在某人的幫助下”。故將by改為of。

　　4．(2024·課標全國Ⅰ，改編)He was tall, with broad shoulders and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years.

　　答案：toward改為to或into　turn from...to/into...從……變成……。

　　5．(2024·課標全國Ⅱ，改編)Interestingly, it had a connection by the British porcelain(瓷器) industry.

　　答案：by改為with或to　connection后接with或to表示“關聯，連接”。

　　語法專題4 介詞

　　Ⅰ.單句語法填空

　　1．(2024·浙江，10改編)Most people work because it's unavoidable.________contrast, there are some people who actually enjoy work.

　　答案：By　by contrast“相比之下”。句意：大部分人工作是因為它是無法逃避的。而相比之下，有些人工作是因為的確享受工作。

　　2．(2024·浙江，17改編)These comments came ________response to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.

　　答案：in　in response to“回應”。句意：這些評論出現是為了回應那些當地資訊記者經常問到的具體問題。

　　3．(2024·湖北，30改編)This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you ________advance that if you smoked here you would be fined.

　　答案：in　in advance提前。句意：會議室是非吸煙區。我想提前警告你：如果你在這兒吸煙的話。你會被罰款的。

　　4．(2024·重慶，10改編)Last year was the warmest year on record，with global temperature 0.68 ℃ ______ the average.

　　答案：above　above the average在一般水平以上。句意：去年是有記錄以來最熱的一年，全球氣溫比平均氣溫高0.68℃。

　　5．(2024·福建，22改編)A common memory they all have ________ their school days is the school uniform.

　　答案：of　they all have ________ their school days為memory的定語，可還原成have a memory of結構，意為“有……的回憶”。句意：他們對學校生活的共有回憶是校服。拓展：I have a vivid memory of her face.她的容貌栩栩如生地印在我腦海里。

　　6．(2024·福建，32改編)Human life is regarded as part of nature and，as such，the only way for us to survive is to live ________harmony with nature.

　　答案：in　in harmony with與……和諧共處。句意：人的生命被看作是自然界的一部分；就這點而論，我們要存活下來的唯一方式就是與大自然和諧共處。

　　7．(2024·課標全國Ⅱ，改編)He reported the case ________ the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in a strange city.

　　答案：to　句意為：他向警察報告了這個事件，然后孤獨迷茫地坐在一個陌生的城市里。report...to...為固定搭配，意為“向……報告……”。

　　8．(2024·福建，22改編)Our club is open to everyone regardless______age，sex or educational background.

　　答案：of　句意為：我們的俱樂部向每個人開放，不管你的年齡、性別或教育背景。regardless of意為“不管；不顧”，為固定搭配。

　　9．(2024·天津，6改編)In addition ______the school，the village has a clinic，which was also built with government support.

　　答案：to　句意為：除了學校之外，村子里還有一家診所，它也是在政府的支持下建起來的。根據下文關鍵詞also可知，學校也是政府開辦的，故填to，in addition to意為“除了……之外(還)”。

　　10．(2024·浙江，10改編)While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything______ return.

　　答案：in　句意為：當詹姆斯呆在這個村里的時候，他無私地把他有的所有東西與村民分享，不求任何回報。根據前面的單詞unselfishly可知他這樣做不圖回報。in return為固定短語，意為“作為回報”。

　　11．(2024·福建閩清聯考改編) The children dressed ______ long wool coats stopped to look at us.

　　答案：in　句意為：穿著長羊毛外套的孩子們停下來看著我們。be dressed in意為“穿著……”，為固定搭配。

　　12．(2024·福建廈門雙十中學檢測改編)The desire for self-improvement has led many Chinese students to pursue educational opportunities ________ physical classrooms.

　　答案：beyond　句意為：自我完善的愿望促使許多中國學生去追求超越實體課堂教育的機會。beyond意為“超出……”。

　　13．(2024·山東菏澤聯考改編)With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken ________ color.

　　答案：in　句意為：由于有了這項新的科技，水下的山谷可以被拍成彩色照片。in color意為“彩色的”，符合句意。

　　14．(2024·江蘇南通中學改編)She works well with those who are superior ________ her in the company.

　　答案：to　句意為：她與公司那些職務高于她的人相處得很好。be superior to意為“優于……；高于……”，為固定短語。

　　15．(2024·江蘇鹽城調研改編)________ the Hong Kong singer's current popularity, she was largely unknown in Chinese mainland before the talent show.

　　答案：Despite　句意為：雖然這個香港歌手現在很受歡迎，但是在才藝秀之前她在內地還不為人知。despite意為“雖然”，符合句意。

　　16．(2024·北京東城聯考改編)I have an appointment ______Dr. Brown, but I need to change it.

　　答案：with　句意為：我與布朗先生有約，但我需要改一下。have an appointment with sb.意為“與某人有約”，為固定短語。

　　17．(2024·陜西西安聯考改編)Whoever comes here to have the meeting will be treated ________ a wonderful dinner.

　　答案：to　句意為：所有來這兒開會的人都將享用美好的晚餐。treat sb. to sth.意為“款待，招待某人享用……”，是固定短語。

　　18．(2024·浙江名校聯考改編)Anyway, I can't tell lies about it—it's ________ my principles, you know.

　　答案：against　句意為：無論如何，對于這件事我不能說謊，你知道這違背了我的原則。against意為“反對；違反”，符合句意。

　　19．(2024·浙江，3)Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes ________ animals both on land and sea？

　　答案：to　be home to...“是……的家園”。

　　20．(2024·陜西，12改編)The little pupil took his grandma ________the arm and walked her across the street.

　　答案：by　“take sb. by＋身體部位”為固定搭配，意為“抓住某人的……”。句意：那個小學生抓著他奶奶的手臂，領她過了街道。拓展：The police took the thief by the collar and took him to the police station.警察抓住那個小偷的衣領，把他帶到了警察局。

　　Ⅱ.語法填空

　　在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。

　　Father's Day occurs on the 3rd Sunday in June. The idea for creating a day __1__ children to honor their fathers began in Spokane, Washington. A woman __2__ the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought __3__ the idea for Father's Day while listening to a Mother's Day sermon __4__ 1909.

　　Having been raised __5__ her father, Henry Jackson Smart, after her mother died, Sonora wanted her father to know special he was __6__ her. It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was, __7__ the eyes of his daughter, a courageous, selfless, and loving man. Sonora's father was born in June, so she chose to hold the first Father's Day celebration __8__ Spokane, Washington __9__ the 19th of June, 1910.

　　In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge announced the third Sunday in June __10__ Father's Day. Roses are the flowers for Father's Day.

　　1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______　5.______

　　6．______　7.______　8.______　9.______　10.______

　　答案：1.for　2.with　3.of　4.in　5.by　6.to　7.in　8.in　9.on　10.as

　　Ⅲ.單句改錯

　　1．(2024·新課標Ⅰ)Unfortunately，on the development of industrialization，the environment has been polluted.

　　答案：on改為with　with the development of...隨著……的發展。

　　2．(2024·新課標Ⅱ)Tony saw a toy on a shop window.

　　答案：on改為in　Tony看到櫥窗里有一個玩具，故用in。

　　3．(2024·課標全國Ⅰ，改編)Nearly five years ago，and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden.

　　答案：by改為of　句意為：大約五年前，在父親的幫助下，我和姐姐在后花園種植了一些圣女果。with the help of sb.為固定搭配，意為“在某人的幫助下”。故將by改為of。

　　4．(2024·課標全國Ⅰ，改編)He was tall, with broad shoulders and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years.

　　答案：toward改為to或into　turn from...to/into...從……變成……。

　　5．(2024·課標全國Ⅱ，改編)Interestingly, it had a connection by the British porcelain(瓷器) industry.

　　答案：by改為with或to　connection后接with或to表示“關聯，連接”。