2024屆高考英語閱讀寫作復習課件：1 順藤摸瓜法，巧解細節題（新人教版）

　　讀寫微技能 導練

　　既然是事實細節題，其答案必然在文中可以直接找到相關的信息點，有的是根據一個信息點即可選出答案，有的需要綜合兩個或多個信息點才可選出答案。

　　解答這類題可用“順藤摸瓜”法：

　　題干中的關鍵詞為“藤”，文中的答案信息為“瓜”。“順藤摸瓜”法，就是根據題干中的關鍵詞(“藤”)到文中去找相同或相似的關鍵詞句(“藤”)，然后順著這根“藤”找到答案信息(“瓜”)。一般來說“瓜”多在“藤”后面，若后面的信息不是“瓜”，我們就往“藤”前去摸。 順藤摸瓜法巧解細節題 短文中的“瓜”與選項的“瓜” 一般不會完全相同，而是以同義或近義表達出現。

　　這種方法特別適用于英語基礎薄弱的同學，哪怕在閱讀文章上存在障礙，但只要根據題干中所透露出的關鍵信息回到原文去找相同或相似的表達即可。 What do we know about Tom? (“藤”) A. He was seriously ill. B. He was a dishonest boy. C. He was crazy about magic. D. He was Dr. Epstein’s patient. 經典例題 解析：選A。在題干當中確定并劃出Tom為“藤”，通過尋讀，在原文中找到Tom這根“藤”，順著Tom這根“藤”往下就可以找到“瓜”a four-year-old boy with a cancer in his back bone. He came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination，其中a cancer (癌癥), several operations(幾次手術), a lot of pain(許多痛苦)等告訴我們，Tom患的病很重，對照各選項，只有A正確。文中的“瓜”是具體描述，選項A這個“瓜”是對文中信息的概括。 請用以上方法解答以下試題。 1.

　　Which of the following does the writer describe as a rule of politeness at dinner parties? A. Avoiding discussion about politics and religion. B. Listening carefully to what another guest says. C. Arriving and leaving at the appropriate time. D. Giving attention to all those in attendance.

　　即學即用 D.

　　題干中rule of politeness為“藤”，通過尋讀，在原文中找到這根“藤”broke an important rule of politeness，順著這根“藤”往下就可以找到“瓜”I ignored everyone else and talked four hours to the botanist.此信息與選項中D的說法恰恰相反，結合前句中的broke，可知作者描述的禮貌規則是“關注所有參與的人”，D正確。

　　2. Why has Nat decided to limit the feeding machine’s operating time? A. He doesn’t want Toby to get too fat. B. He fears the machine will run out of food. C. He wants his friends to stop feeding Toby. D. He doesn’t want Toby to be woken up at night.

　　A.

　　題干中的limit the feeding time為“藤”，通過尋讀，在原文中找到這個“藤”restrict feeding time，然后順著這根“藤”往下就可以找到“瓜”to make sure he’s not putting on too much puppy fat，此信息與選項中A的說法相一致，即為答案。

　　3. What happened to the participants during the break? A. Half of them were woken up when they started to dream. B. Half of them were asked to dream about the maze. C. All of them were asked to describe their thoughts. D. Half of them were asked to sleep for 90 minutes.

　　D.

　　題干中的break, participants為“藤”，通過尋讀，在原文中找到這個 “藤” break…participants，然后順著這根“藤”往下就可以找到“瓜”half were asked to sleep，此信息與選項中D的說法相一致，即為答案。 4. Which of the following describes a similarity in Hawking’s and Dawking’s backgrounds? A. They were both from wealthy families. B. They studies the same subject in university. C. They graduated from the same secondary school. D. They both came from families that valued good education. D.

　　題干中的backgrounds為“藤”，通過尋讀，在原文中找到這個“藤”，然后順著這根“藤”往下就可以找到“瓜”with a commitment to academic excellence(致力于學業優異)，此信息與選項中D的說法相一致。

　　讀寫微技能 導練

　　既然是事實細節題，其答案必然在文中可以直接找到相關的信息點，有的是根據一個信息點即可選出答案，有的需要綜合兩個或多個信息點才可選出答案。

　　解答這類題可用“順藤摸瓜”法：

　　題干中的關鍵詞為“藤”，文中的答案信息為“瓜”。“順藤摸瓜”法，就是根據題干中的關鍵詞(“藤”)到文中去找相同或相似的關鍵詞句(“藤”)，然后順著這根“藤”找到答案信息(“瓜”)。一般來說“瓜”多在“藤”后面，若后面的信息不是“瓜”，我們就往“藤”前去摸。 順藤摸瓜法巧解細節題 短文中的“瓜”與選項的“瓜” 一般不會完全相同，而是以同義或近義表達出現。

　　這種方法特別適用于英語基礎薄弱的同學，哪怕在閱讀文章上存在障礙，但只要根據題干中所透露出的關鍵信息回到原文去找相同或相似的表達即可。 What do we know about Tom? (“藤”) A. He was seriously ill. B. He was a dishonest boy. C. He was crazy about magic. D. He was Dr. Epstein’s patient. 經典例題 解析：選A。在題干當中確定并劃出Tom為“藤”，通過尋讀，在原文中找到Tom這根“藤”，順著Tom這根“藤”往下就可以找到“瓜”a four-year-old boy with a cancer in his back bone. He came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination，其中a cancer (癌癥), several operations(幾次手術), a lot of pain(許多痛苦)等告訴我們，Tom患的病很重，對照各選項，只有A正確。文中的“瓜”是具體描述，選項A這個“瓜”是對文中信息的概括。 請用以上方法解答以下試題。 1.

　　Which of the following does the writer describe as a rule of politeness at dinner parties? A. Avoiding discussion about politics and religion. B. Listening carefully to what another guest says. C. Arriving and leaving at the appropriate time. D. Giving attention to all those in attendance.

　　即學即用 D.

　　題干中rule of politeness為“藤”，通過尋讀，在原文中找到這根“藤”broke an important rule of politeness，順著這根“藤”往下就可以找到“瓜”I ignored everyone else and talked four hours to the botanist.此信息與選項中D的說法恰恰相反，結合前句中的broke，可知作者描述的禮貌規則是“關注所有參與的人”，D正確。

　　2. Why has Nat decided to limit the feeding machine’s operating time? A. He doesn’t want Toby to get too fat. B. He fears the machine will run out of food. C. He wants his friends to stop feeding Toby. D. He doesn’t want Toby to be woken up at night.

　　A.

　　題干中的limit the feeding time為“藤”，通過尋讀，在原文中找到這個“藤”restrict feeding time，然后順著這根“藤”往下就可以找到“瓜”to make sure he’s not putting on too much puppy fat，此信息與選項中A的說法相一致，即為答案。

　　3. What happened to the participants during the break? A. Half of them were woken up when they started to dream. B. Half of them were asked to dream about the maze. C. All of them were asked to describe their thoughts. D. Half of them were asked to sleep for 90 minutes.

　　D.

　　題干中的break, participants為“藤”，通過尋讀，在原文中找到這個 “藤” break…participants，然后順著這根“藤”往下就可以找到“瓜”half were asked to sleep，此信息與選項中D的說法相一致，即為答案。 4. Which of the following describes a similarity in Hawking’s and Dawking’s backgrounds? A. They were both from wealthy families. B. They studies the same subject in university. C. They graduated from the same secondary school. D. They both came from families that valued good education. D.

　　題干中的backgrounds為“藤”，通過尋讀，在原文中找到這個“藤”，然后順著這根“藤”往下就可以找到“瓜”with a commitment to academic excellence(致力于學業優異)，此信息與選項中D的說法相一致。