2024屆高考英語一輪復習語法專練：4 定語從句（牛津譯林版含解析）
語法專練四 定語從句
一、單句填空
1.(2024福建,34)China Today attracts a worldwide readership, shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.?
2.(2024天津,12)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures,each of uses it differently.?
3.(2024山東,10)A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.?
4.(2024重慶,9)Well reach the sales targets in a month we set at the beginning of the year.?
5.(2024北京,26)I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, my classmates recommended to me.?
6.(2024浙江,5)I didnt become a serious climber until the fifth grade, I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.?
7.(2024福建,31)Students should involve themselves in community activities they can gain experience for growth.?
8.(2024安徽,22)The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.?
9.(2024湖南,31)I am looking forward to the day my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.?
10.(2024江西,28)Among the many dangers sailors have to face,probably the greatest of all is fog.?
11.(2024遼寧,34)He may win the competition,in case he is likely to get into the national team.?
12.(2024課標,4)When I arrived,Bryan took me to see the house I would be staying.?
13.(2024北京,27)Many countries are now setting up national parks animals and plants can be protected.?
14.(2024重慶,24)John invited about 40 people to his wedding,most of are family members.?
15.(2024福建,27)The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those lives were affected.?
16.(2024湖南,21)Happiness and success often come to those are good at recognizing their own strengths.?
17.(2024江西,33)He wrote a letter he explained what had happened in the accident.?
二、語法填空
閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當?shù)膬热?1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。
There was a time 1 I was tired of learning English and disliked to speak English.And this was the reason 2 my father forced me to join in a 30-day training in an English club before I went to senior high school.When I first came to the club, 3 I met many strangers,I missed my parents very much.So I packed up my things and wanted to go home.Fortunately,my guide, 4 is my teacher Yu Minhong,communicated with me face to face,from 5 I gained some useful instructions.He also showed me a good partner,and we got along well with each other.Gradually I adapted to the life there.Every day I would like to talk to other teenagers and set down a series of activities 6 we did.I should be grateful to my father and the guide, 7 encouraged me to fall in love with English.Now I feel it interesting to learn English,into 8 I put my entire energy.Every day I read my words and passages aloud.In class I join in English discussions.Before I go to sleep,I recall the passages,through 9 I can memorize a large number of new words. 10 our English teacher says,“As long as you form the habit of learning English every day and have perseverance,you will conquer English sooner or later.”?
1.2.3.4.5. ?
6.7.8.9.10. ?
三、短文改錯
假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(劃掉。
修改:在錯的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。
Dear Mary,
Our city had changed a lot in the past 5 years.Firstly,more high buildings have appeared,that are modern and beautiful.Many overpasses have set up,so it has become very convenient for people to travel.However,many families have got car of their own.The people?s life here has become rich or colorful.People can enjoy themselves travelling on the holiday.To my delighted,I can taste delicious food of different countries.And now it is easy for me to keep touch with you than before,for I can email you in my office.
Yours,
Christine
答案全解全析
一、單句填空
1.which 句意:《今日中國》吸引了世界各地的讀者,這表明世界上越來越多的人想了解中國。本題考查非限制性定語從句。先行詞為設空處前的一句話,關系詞在定語從句中作主語,故答案為which。
2.which 句意:英語是一種被好幾種不同的文化都使用的語言,而且每一種文化使用它的方式也不同。設空處前后兩部分之間既沒有并列連詞也沒有從屬連詞,故后面部分應為定語從句,又因為先行詞是cultures,且關系詞在定語從句中作介詞of的賓語,所以填which。
3.whose 句意:從國內市場得到的利潤正在下降的公司可以去國外尋找機會。本題考查定語從句。先行詞為company,將先行詞代入定語從句后為:The companys profits from home markets are declining.由此可見關系詞在定語從句中作定語,故填whose。
4.which/that 句意:一個月以后我們將會達到年初所定的銷售目標。在本句中,先行詞是the sales targets,關系代詞在定語從句中作set的賓語,所以填關系代詞which/that。
5. which 句意:我上周從圖書館借了《夏洛克·福爾摩斯》這本書,這是我的同學推薦給我的。本題考查非限制性定語從句。先行詞為the book Sherlock Holmes,從句中recommended后缺少賓語,故填關系代詞which。
6.when 句意:我直到五年級才成為一個真正攀登者,那時,我爬到樹上去拿一個被掛在樹枝上的風箏。在本句中,先行詞為the fifth grade,設空處在定語從句中作時間狀語,故填when。
7. where 句意:學生應該參加社區(qū)活動,他們從中能獲得成長經驗。將先行詞community activities代入定語從句后為:They can gain experience for growth from the community activities.由此可知關系詞在從句中作地點狀語。故填where。
8. which/that 句意:安杰拉和她的家人一起在中國度過的確切年份是2008年。在本句中,先行詞是the exact year,關系詞在定語從句中作spent 的賓語,故填which/that。
9. when 句意:我正期待著那一天的到來,那時我的女兒可以讀這本書并且了解我對她的感情。在本句中,先行詞為the day,關系詞在從句中充當時間狀語,故填when。
10.which/that 句意:在海員們不得不面對的許多危險中,最大的危險很可能是霧。在本句中,先行詞為dangers,將先行詞代入定語從句后為:Sailors have to face the dangers.由此可見,關系詞在定語從句中作face的賓語,且指“物”,故填which/that。
11.which 句意:他有可能贏得這次比賽,假使那樣的話,他有希望進入國家隊。句子可改為:He may win the competition,and in that case he is likely to get into the national team.去掉并列連詞and,用which替換that后變?yōu)橐粋€非限制性定語從句。
12.where 句意:在我到達后,Bryan帶我去看了我將要住的房子。先行詞the house表示地點,還原到定語從句中為:I would be staying in the house.故應使用關系副詞where引導定語從句。
13.where 句意:很多國家現(xiàn)在都在建立國家公園,在那里動植物能夠受到保護。先行詞為national parks,代入定語從句后為:In the national parks animals and plants can be protected.故使用表示地點的關系副詞where引導定語從句。
14.whom 句意:約翰邀請了大約40人參加他的婚禮,他們當中絕大部分都是自家人。在定語從句中如果介詞放在關系代詞之前,且先行詞指人時,從句中關系代詞只能使用whom。
15.whose 句意:這本書從生活遭受地震影響的人們的視角來講述地震的故事。將先行詞those代入定語從句后為:The lives of those were affected.由此可知先行詞在從句中和lives是所屬關系,從句中缺少定語,故填whose。
16.who 句意:幸福和成功經常青睞那些善于發(fā)現(xiàn)自身長處的人。先行詞為those,將先行詞代入定語從句后為:Those are good at recognizing their own strengths.由此可見,先行詞在定語從句中作主語,且表示“人”,故用who。本題易誤填that。當先行詞是指人的不定代詞,如:one,ones,anyone,those,all,nobody等時,用who不用that。
17.where 句意:他寫了一封信,信中他解釋了事故中發(fā)生了什么。將先行詞letter代入定語從句后為:He explained what had happened in the accident in the letter.由此可知從句中缺少狀語,應該用關系副詞where。
二、語法填空
[語篇解讀] 本文為記敘文,敘述了作者參加英語俱樂部的難忘經歷。在那里作者遇到了一位好老師,那位老師使作者對英語學習產生了興趣。作者還養(yǎng)成了學習英語的好習慣。
1.when 句意:有一段時間,我厭倦了學英語并且不喜歡說英語。There was a time when...有一段時間……。
2.why This is/was the reason why這就是……的原因。
3.where 先行詞是the club,關系詞在從句中作地點狀語,故填where。
4.who 先行詞為my guide,關系詞在從句中作主語,指人,故用who引導。
5.whom 先行詞為my guide;關系詞在定語從句中作from的賓語,故填whom。
6.that/which 先行詞是activities,將先行詞代入定語從句后為:We did the activities.由此可見先行詞在定語從句中作賓語,故用that或which引導。
7.who 先行詞為my father and the guide,關系詞在定語從句中作主語,且指“人”,所以用who引導。
8.which 先行詞為English,關系詞在定語從句中作介詞into的賓語,且介詞into已被提前,故填which。
9.which 句意:每天入睡前我總是回憶所學的文章,通過這種方法,我能記住大量的生詞。關系詞在定語從句中作介詞through的賓語,且介詞已被提前,故用which引導。
10.As 句意:正如我們英語老師所說的:“只要你們養(yǎng)成每天學英語的習慣并且堅持不懈,你們遲早會征服英語。”非限制性定語從句置于句首,后面引號內直接引語的內容為先行詞,且關系詞在定語從句中作主語,故需用as引導。
三、短文改錯
1.第一句:had→has 根據(jù)時間狀語in the past 5 years可知此處應該用現(xiàn)在完成時。
2.第二句:that→which 關系代詞that不能引導非限制性定語從句,應該用which引導。
3.第三句:have后加been 主語與謂語動詞之間應該是被動關系,所以要用被動語態(tài)。
4.第四句:However→Besides/Moreover/Furthermore/Additionally 根據(jù)語境可知前后兩句之間不是轉折關系,而是并列或遞進關系。
5.第四句:car→cars或car前加a 根據(jù)語境可知此處的可數(shù)名詞car應該用復數(shù)形式或在前面加不定冠詞a。
6.第五句:or→and 此處兩個并列形容詞應該用and連接,意為:既富裕又豐富多彩。
7.第六句:去掉定冠詞the 固定搭配on holiday。
8.第七句:delighted→delight 固定搭配to my delight“令我高興的是”。
9.第八句:easy→easier 根據(jù)題干中的than before可知此處應該用形容詞easy的比較級形式。
10.第八句:keep后加in 固定搭配keep in touch with sb.與某人保持聯(lián)系。
語法專練四 定語從句
一、單句填空
1.(2024福建,34)China Today attracts a worldwide readership, shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.?
2.(2024天津,12)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures,each of uses it differently.?
3.(2024山東,10)A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.?
4.(2024重慶,9)Well reach the sales targets in a month we set at the beginning of the year.?
5.(2024北京,26)I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, my classmates recommended to me.?
6.(2024浙江,5)I didnt become a serious climber until the fifth grade, I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.?
7.(2024福建,31)Students should involve themselves in community activities they can gain experience for growth.?
8.(2024安徽,22)The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.?
9.(2024湖南,31)I am looking forward to the day my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.?
10.(2024江西,28)Among the many dangers sailors have to face,probably the greatest of all is fog.?
11.(2024遼寧,34)He may win the competition,in case he is likely to get into the national team.?
12.(2024課標,4)When I arrived,Bryan took me to see the house I would be staying.?
13.(2024北京,27)Many countries are now setting up national parks animals and plants can be protected.?
14.(2024重慶,24)John invited about 40 people to his wedding,most of are family members.?
15.(2024福建,27)The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those lives were affected.?
16.(2024湖南,21)Happiness and success often come to those are good at recognizing their own strengths.?
17.(2024江西,33)He wrote a letter he explained what had happened in the accident.?
二、語法填空
閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當?shù)膬热?1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。
There was a time 1 I was tired of learning English and disliked to speak English.And this was the reason 2 my father forced me to join in a 30-day training in an English club before I went to senior high school.When I first came to the club, 3 I met many strangers,I missed my parents very much.So I packed up my things and wanted to go home.Fortunately,my guide, 4 is my teacher Yu Minhong,communicated with me face to face,from 5 I gained some useful instructions.He also showed me a good partner,and we got along well with each other.Gradually I adapted to the life there.Every day I would like to talk to other teenagers and set down a series of activities 6 we did.I should be grateful to my father and the guide, 7 encouraged me to fall in love with English.Now I feel it interesting to learn English,into 8 I put my entire energy.Every day I read my words and passages aloud.In class I join in English discussions.Before I go to sleep,I recall the passages,through 9 I can memorize a large number of new words. 10 our English teacher says,“As long as you form the habit of learning English every day and have perseverance,you will conquer English sooner or later.”?
1.2.3.4.5. ?
6.7.8.9.10. ?
三、短文改錯
假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(劃掉。
修改:在錯的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。
Dear Mary,
Our city had changed a lot in the past 5 years.Firstly,more high buildings have appeared,that are modern and beautiful.Many overpasses have set up,so it has become very convenient for people to travel.However,many families have got car of their own.The people?s life here has become rich or colorful.People can enjoy themselves travelling on the holiday.To my delighted,I can taste delicious food of different countries.And now it is easy for me to keep touch with you than before,for I can email you in my office.
Yours,
Christine
答案全解全析
一、單句填空
1.which 句意:《今日中國》吸引了世界各地的讀者,這表明世界上越來越多的人想了解中國。本題考查非限制性定語從句。先行詞為設空處前的一句話,關系詞在定語從句中作主語,故答案為which。
2.which 句意:英語是一種被好幾種不同的文化都使用的語言,而且每一種文化使用它的方式也不同。設空處前后兩部分之間既沒有并列連詞也沒有從屬連詞,故后面部分應為定語從句,又因為先行詞是cultures,且關系詞在定語從句中作介詞of的賓語,所以填which。
3.whose 句意:從國內市場得到的利潤正在下降的公司可以去國外尋找機會。本題考查定語從句。先行詞為company,將先行詞代入定語從句后為:The companys profits from home markets are declining.由此可見關系詞在定語從句中作定語,故填whose。
4.which/that 句意:一個月以后我們將會達到年初所定的銷售目標。在本句中,先行詞是the sales targets,關系代詞在定語從句中作set的賓語,所以填關系代詞which/that。
5. which 句意:我上周從圖書館借了《夏洛克·福爾摩斯》這本書,這是我的同學推薦給我的。本題考查非限制性定語從句。先行詞為the book Sherlock Holmes,從句中recommended后缺少賓語,故填關系代詞which。
6.when 句意:我直到五年級才成為一個真正攀登者,那時,我爬到樹上去拿一個被掛在樹枝上的風箏。在本句中,先行詞為the fifth grade,設空處在定語從句中作時間狀語,故填when。
7. where 句意:學生應該參加社區(qū)活動,他們從中能獲得成長經驗。將先行詞community activities代入定語從句后為:They can gain experience for growth from the community activities.由此可知關系詞在從句中作地點狀語。故填where。
8. which/that 句意:安杰拉和她的家人一起在中國度過的確切年份是2008年。在本句中,先行詞是the exact year,關系詞在定語從句中作spent 的賓語,故填which/that。
9. when 句意:我正期待著那一天的到來,那時我的女兒可以讀這本書并且了解我對她的感情。在本句中,先行詞為the day,關系詞在從句中充當時間狀語,故填when。
10.which/that 句意:在海員們不得不面對的許多危險中,最大的危險很可能是霧。在本句中,先行詞為dangers,將先行詞代入定語從句后為:Sailors have to face the dangers.由此可見,關系詞在定語從句中作face的賓語,且指“物”,故填which/that。
11.which 句意:他有可能贏得這次比賽,假使那樣的話,他有希望進入國家隊。句子可改為:He may win the competition,and in that case he is likely to get into the national team.去掉并列連詞and,用which替換that后變?yōu)橐粋€非限制性定語從句。
12.where 句意:在我到達后,Bryan帶我去看了我將要住的房子。先行詞the house表示地點,還原到定語從句中為:I would be staying in the house.故應使用關系副詞where引導定語從句。
13.where 句意:很多國家現(xiàn)在都在建立國家公園,在那里動植物能夠受到保護。先行詞為national parks,代入定語從句后為:In the national parks animals and plants can be protected.故使用表示地點的關系副詞where引導定語從句。
14.whom 句意:約翰邀請了大約40人參加他的婚禮,他們當中絕大部分都是自家人。在定語從句中如果介詞放在關系代詞之前,且先行詞指人時,從句中關系代詞只能使用whom。
15.whose 句意:這本書從生活遭受地震影響的人們的視角來講述地震的故事。將先行詞those代入定語從句后為:The lives of those were affected.由此可知先行詞在從句中和lives是所屬關系,從句中缺少定語,故填whose。
16.who 句意:幸福和成功經常青睞那些善于發(fā)現(xiàn)自身長處的人。先行詞為those,將先行詞代入定語從句后為:Those are good at recognizing their own strengths.由此可見,先行詞在定語從句中作主語,且表示“人”,故用who。本題易誤填that。當先行詞是指人的不定代詞,如:one,ones,anyone,those,all,nobody等時,用who不用that。
17.where 句意:他寫了一封信,信中他解釋了事故中發(fā)生了什么。將先行詞letter代入定語從句后為:He explained what had happened in the accident in the letter.由此可知從句中缺少狀語,應該用關系副詞where。
二、語法填空
[語篇解讀] 本文為記敘文,敘述了作者參加英語俱樂部的難忘經歷。在那里作者遇到了一位好老師,那位老師使作者對英語學習產生了興趣。作者還養(yǎng)成了學習英語的好習慣。
1.when 句意:有一段時間,我厭倦了學英語并且不喜歡說英語。There was a time when...有一段時間……。
2.why This is/was the reason why這就是……的原因。
3.where 先行詞是the club,關系詞在從句中作地點狀語,故填where。
4.who 先行詞為my guide,關系詞在從句中作主語,指人,故用who引導。
5.whom 先行詞為my guide;關系詞在定語從句中作from的賓語,故填whom。
6.that/which 先行詞是activities,將先行詞代入定語從句后為:We did the activities.由此可見先行詞在定語從句中作賓語,故用that或which引導。
7.who 先行詞為my father and the guide,關系詞在定語從句中作主語,且指“人”,所以用who引導。
8.which 先行詞為English,關系詞在定語從句中作介詞into的賓語,且介詞into已被提前,故填which。
9.which 句意:每天入睡前我總是回憶所學的文章,通過這種方法,我能記住大量的生詞。關系詞在定語從句中作介詞through的賓語,且介詞已被提前,故用which引導。
10.As 句意:正如我們英語老師所說的:“只要你們養(yǎng)成每天學英語的習慣并且堅持不懈,你們遲早會征服英語。”非限制性定語從句置于句首,后面引號內直接引語的內容為先行詞,且關系詞在定語從句中作主語,故需用as引導。
三、短文改錯
1.第一句:had→has 根據(jù)時間狀語in the past 5 years可知此處應該用現(xiàn)在完成時。
2.第二句:that→which 關系代詞that不能引導非限制性定語從句,應該用which引導。
3.第三句:have后加been 主語與謂語動詞之間應該是被動關系,所以要用被動語態(tài)。
4.第四句:However→Besides/Moreover/Furthermore/Additionally 根據(jù)語境可知前后兩句之間不是轉折關系,而是并列或遞進關系。
5.第四句:car→cars或car前加a 根據(jù)語境可知此處的可數(shù)名詞car應該用復數(shù)形式或在前面加不定冠詞a。
6.第五句:or→and 此處兩個并列形容詞應該用and連接,意為:既富裕又豐富多彩。
7.第六句:去掉定冠詞the 固定搭配on holiday。
8.第七句:delighted→delight 固定搭配to my delight“令我高興的是”。
9.第八句:easy→easier 根據(jù)題干中的than before可知此處應該用形容詞easy的比較級形式。
10.第八句:keep后加in 固定搭配keep in touch with sb.與某人保持聯(lián)系。
