2024屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)精練：1.4 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài) Sectiont Ⅱ（新人教版含解析）
建議用時(shí)：15分鐘
Part .單句語法填空
在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
1．[2024·天津河西區(qū)一模]A Midsummer Night's Dream ________ (open) at the Theatre Royal on 19th June, and then tours throughout Scotland.
答案：opens 根據(jù)語境可知此處表示一種狀態(tài)，且“and then tours”可知應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。
2．[2024·陜西西安八校聯(lián)考]－Your spoken English is so good. Have you been abroad?
－Yes. I ________ (stay) in America for three years.
答案：stayed 根據(jù)對(duì)話語境可知，后者現(xiàn)在已出國(guó)歸來，也就是說“stay”這一動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)，故用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。
3．[2024·北京豐臺(tái)區(qū)一模]The book I wrote last year ________ (print) and it will soon come out.
答案：is being printed 根據(jù)“It will soon come out”可知當(dāng)前正在印刷中，“the book”與“print”之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
4．[2024·陜西83中二模]－That's the third time he ________ (win) the award in this field.
－Yes. He________ (explore) his maximum potential in the past decade.
答案：has won; has been exploring 第一空考查“This/That/It is＋the＋序數(shù)詞＋從句”結(jié)構(gòu)，從句中用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)；第二空根據(jù)“in the past decade”可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，結(jié)合語境，“他一直在挖掘自己的潛力”，故填現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。
5．[2024·北京海淀區(qū)一模]－It is said that John's paper got an A.
－He deserves it. He ________ (prepare) a lot before he handed it in.
答案：had prepared 根據(jù)before引導(dǎo)的狀語從句，可知“prepare”發(fā)生在“handed”動(dòng)作之前，故用過去完成時(shí)。
6．[2024·北京朝陽區(qū)一模]Sally was excited to meet Su San at the party last night. They ________ (not see) each other since they ________ (graduate) from Oxford University in 2010.
答案：haven't seen; graduated 本題考查“since”引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。從句中的時(shí)態(tài)用一般過去時(shí)，主句使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
7．[2024·北京西城區(qū)一模]I ________ (not exercise) for six months. I'm really out of shape.
答案：haven't exercised 根據(jù)“I'm really out of shape”說明主語缺乏鍛煉造成的，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響。
8．[2024·北京石景山區(qū)一模]I went to see Dr Smith yesterday, only to be told that he ________ (ask) for leave.
答案：had asked 根據(jù)“went”可知該語境發(fā)生在過去，因此“ask for leave”發(fā)生在“went”這一動(dòng)作前，故用過去完成時(shí)。
9．[2024·安徽合肥質(zhì)檢二]－Have you got the sleeping bag needed for the camping this weekend?
－Yes, I ________ (buy) it almost the moment I heard the news.
答案：bought 根據(jù)“the moment”及后面的信息可知“buy”與“heard”發(fā)生在同一時(shí)間環(huán)境，故填一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。
10．[2024·浙江六校聯(lián)考]－Didn't you talk any with Rice?
－No, the plane ________ (take) off when I rushed to the airport to see her off.
答案：had taken 根據(jù)后者的回答，可知沒有與Rice談話，也就是說后者到機(jī)場(chǎng)時(shí)，Rice乘坐的飛機(jī)已經(jīng)起飛了，故填過去完成時(shí)。
11．[2024·四川雅安月考]Don't call me tomorrow evening, for I ________ (listen) to a lecture on how to keep a good state of mind when taking an exam.
答案：will be listening 根據(jù)“tomorrow evening”可知使用將來時(shí)態(tài)，根據(jù)“then”可知，那時(shí)正在做某事，因此填將來進(jìn)行時(shí)。
12．[2024·湖南郴州質(zhì)檢二]Tom is a great talker. It's high time he ________ (do) something instead of just talking.
答案：did 考查固定句式“It's high time＋從句”，從句中使用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。
13．[2024·北京西城區(qū)期末]This ferryboat ________ (use) to transport passengers between the harbor and the island for years.
答案：has been used 根據(jù)for years及語義理解可知使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，另外“this ferryboat”與“use”之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填has been used。
14．[2024·陜西西工大附中二模]Little ________ we know that the region was abundant in natural resources about four decades ago.
答案：did 根據(jù)“four decades ago”可知該句使用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，另外否定詞位于句首，句子要部分倒裝，故提前助動(dòng)詞did。
15．[2024·福建三校聯(lián)考]He ________ (work) around the clock since June, when the first Ebola case appeared in
this agricultural country.
答案：has been working 根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語since June可確定使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，另由“around the clock”可知主語從未停止過工作，故填現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。
Part .語篇語法填空(重點(diǎn)考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài))
[2024·福建黃岡月考]When he was a little boy, Christopher Cookerell once watched his mother turn the wheel of her sewing-machine with her hand.
“Wouldn't it work quickly if a machine ___1___ (turn) the wheel for you？” he asked. “I suppose it would，” said his mother, ___2___ paying him any attention.
Christopher knew she always ___3___ (have) a lot of work, and he wanted to help her. Up in his bedroom there was a toy steam-engine which his father ___4___ (buy) him as a gift. “I will make better use of it，” little Christopher said to himself. So, when his mother ___5___ (not use) her sewing-machine, he fixed the toy steam-engine onto it. When the job ___6___ (finish), he was quite pleased, thinking his mother ___7___ (like) it.
“Very clever，” his mother said when she saw it. Then she sat down and went on ___8___ (turn) the wheel by hand. “I ___9___ (work) like this for too many years，” she explained.
This taught Christopher Cookerell the lesson that anyone who tries to improve anything ___10___ (have) to learn：many people don't like new ideas.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
本文通過Christopher Cookerell幫助他母親改善縫紉機(jī)一事，給他上了人生的一堂課：很多人不喜歡新的想法。
1．turned 考查謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。分析句子成分可知，條件狀語從句中缺謂語動(dòng)詞，從主句中的“wouldn't”判斷應(yīng)該用相應(yīng)的虛擬語氣。
2．without 考查語義理解。句意：母親沒太在意他，說：“我認(rèn)為是這樣的。”
3．had 考查謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。分析句子成分可知，賓語從句中缺謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)主句謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)可知，用一般過去時(shí)。
4．had bought 考查謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。分析句子成分可知，定語從句中缺謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)語境可知，buy所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之前，所以用過去完成時(shí)。
5．wasn't using 考查謂語動(dòng)詞用法。表示在母親不使用縫紉機(jī)時(shí)，他把玩具蒸汽機(jī)固定在縫紉機(jī)上，故用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。
6．was finished 考查謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。分析句子成分可知，時(shí)間狀語從句中缺謂語動(dòng)詞，由于主語“the job”和動(dòng)詞finish之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且敘述的是過去的事情，所以用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
7．would like 考查謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。分析句子成分可知，賓語從句中缺謂語動(dòng)詞，表示“將會(huì)喜歡”，根據(jù)句子謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)可知應(yīng)用過去將來時(shí)。
8．turning 考查固定搭配。“go on doing sth.”表示繼續(xù)做某事。
9．have been working 考查謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。分析句子成分可知，此處缺謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)句意“我這么多年來一直都是這樣做的(指用手轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)輪子)”表示從過去某時(shí)開始到現(xiàn)在一直發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。
10．has 考查謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。分析句子成分可知that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句中缺謂語動(dòng)詞，主語是anyone，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，由who tries to...及many people don't like...可知，此處應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
建議用時(shí)：15分鐘
Part .單句語法填空
在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
1．[2024·天津河西區(qū)一模]A Midsummer Night's Dream ________ (open) at the Theatre Royal on 19th June, and then tours throughout Scotland.
答案：opens 根據(jù)語境可知此處表示一種狀態(tài)，且“and then tours”可知應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。
2．[2024·陜西西安八校聯(lián)考]－Your spoken English is so good. Have you been abroad?
－Yes. I ________ (stay) in America for three years.
答案：stayed 根據(jù)對(duì)話語境可知，后者現(xiàn)在已出國(guó)歸來，也就是說“stay”這一動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)，故用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。
3．[2024·北京豐臺(tái)區(qū)一模]The book I wrote last year ________ (print) and it will soon come out.
答案：is being printed 根據(jù)“It will soon come out”可知當(dāng)前正在印刷中，“the book”與“print”之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
4．[2024·陜西83中二模]－That's the third time he ________ (win) the award in this field.
－Yes. He________ (explore) his maximum potential in the past decade.
答案：has won; has been exploring 第一空考查“This/That/It is＋the＋序數(shù)詞＋從句”結(jié)構(gòu)，從句中用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)；第二空根據(jù)“in the past decade”可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，結(jié)合語境，“他一直在挖掘自己的潛力”，故填現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。
5．[2024·北京海淀區(qū)一模]－It is said that John's paper got an A.
－He deserves it. He ________ (prepare) a lot before he handed it in.
答案：had prepared 根據(jù)before引導(dǎo)的狀語從句，可知“prepare”發(fā)生在“handed”動(dòng)作之前，故用過去完成時(shí)。
6．[2024·北京朝陽區(qū)一模]Sally was excited to meet Su San at the party last night. They ________ (not see) each other since they ________ (graduate) from Oxford University in 2010.
答案：haven't seen; graduated 本題考查“since”引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。從句中的時(shí)態(tài)用一般過去時(shí)，主句使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
7．[2024·北京西城區(qū)一模]I ________ (not exercise) for six months. I'm really out of shape.
答案：haven't exercised 根據(jù)“I'm really out of shape”說明主語缺乏鍛煉造成的，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響。
8．[2024·北京石景山區(qū)一模]I went to see Dr Smith yesterday, only to be told that he ________ (ask) for leave.
答案：had asked 根據(jù)“went”可知該語境發(fā)生在過去，因此“ask for leave”發(fā)生在“went”這一動(dòng)作前，故用過去完成時(shí)。
9．[2024·安徽合肥質(zhì)檢二]－Have you got the sleeping bag needed for the camping this weekend?
－Yes, I ________ (buy) it almost the moment I heard the news.
答案：bought 根據(jù)“the moment”及后面的信息可知“buy”與“heard”發(fā)生在同一時(shí)間環(huán)境，故填一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。
10．[2024·浙江六校聯(lián)考]－Didn't you talk any with Rice?
－No, the plane ________ (take) off when I rushed to the airport to see her off.
答案：had taken 根據(jù)后者的回答，可知沒有與Rice談話，也就是說后者到機(jī)場(chǎng)時(shí)，Rice乘坐的飛機(jī)已經(jīng)起飛了，故填過去完成時(shí)。
11．[2024·四川雅安月考]Don't call me tomorrow evening, for I ________ (listen) to a lecture on how to keep a good state of mind when taking an exam.
答案：will be listening 根據(jù)“tomorrow evening”可知使用將來時(shí)態(tài)，根據(jù)“then”可知，那時(shí)正在做某事，因此填將來進(jìn)行時(shí)。
12．[2024·湖南郴州質(zhì)檢二]Tom is a great talker. It's high time he ________ (do) something instead of just talking.
答案：did 考查固定句式“It's high time＋從句”，從句中使用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。
13．[2024·北京西城區(qū)期末]This ferryboat ________ (use) to transport passengers between the harbor and the island for years.
答案：has been used 根據(jù)for years及語義理解可知使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，另外“this ferryboat”與“use”之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填has been used。
14．[2024·陜西西工大附中二模]Little ________ we know that the region was abundant in natural resources about four decades ago.
答案：did 根據(jù)“four decades ago”可知該句使用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，另外否定詞位于句首，句子要部分倒裝，故提前助動(dòng)詞did。
15．[2024·福建三校聯(lián)考]He ________ (work) around the clock since June, when the first Ebola case appeared in
this agricultural country.
答案：has been working 根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語since June可確定使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，另由“around the clock”可知主語從未停止過工作，故填現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。
Part .語篇語法填空(重點(diǎn)考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài))
[2024·福建黃岡月考]When he was a little boy, Christopher Cookerell once watched his mother turn the wheel of her sewing-machine with her hand.
“Wouldn't it work quickly if a machine ___1___ (turn) the wheel for you？” he asked. “I suppose it would，” said his mother, ___2___ paying him any attention.
Christopher knew she always ___3___ (have) a lot of work, and he wanted to help her. Up in his bedroom there was a toy steam-engine which his father ___4___ (buy) him as a gift. “I will make better use of it，” little Christopher said to himself. So, when his mother ___5___ (not use) her sewing-machine, he fixed the toy steam-engine onto it. When the job ___6___ (finish), he was quite pleased, thinking his mother ___7___ (like) it.
“Very clever，” his mother said when she saw it. Then she sat down and went on ___8___ (turn) the wheel by hand. “I ___9___ (work) like this for too many years，” she explained.
This taught Christopher Cookerell the lesson that anyone who tries to improve anything ___10___ (have) to learn：many people don't like new ideas.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
本文通過Christopher Cookerell幫助他母親改善縫紉機(jī)一事，給他上了人生的一堂課：很多人不喜歡新的想法。
1．turned 考查謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。分析句子成分可知，條件狀語從句中缺謂語動(dòng)詞，從主句中的“wouldn't”判斷應(yīng)該用相應(yīng)的虛擬語氣。
2．without 考查語義理解。句意：母親沒太在意他，說：“我認(rèn)為是這樣的。”
3．had 考查謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。分析句子成分可知，賓語從句中缺謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)主句謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)可知，用一般過去時(shí)。
4．had bought 考查謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。分析句子成分可知，定語從句中缺謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)語境可知，buy所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞之前，所以用過去完成時(shí)。
5．wasn't using 考查謂語動(dòng)詞用法。表示在母親不使用縫紉機(jī)時(shí)，他把玩具蒸汽機(jī)固定在縫紉機(jī)上，故用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。
6．was finished 考查謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。分析句子成分可知，時(shí)間狀語從句中缺謂語動(dòng)詞，由于主語“the job”和動(dòng)詞finish之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且敘述的是過去的事情，所以用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
7．would like 考查謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。分析句子成分可知，賓語從句中缺謂語動(dòng)詞，表示“將會(huì)喜歡”，根據(jù)句子謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)可知應(yīng)用過去將來時(shí)。
8．turning 考查固定搭配。“go on doing sth.”表示繼續(xù)做某事。
9．have been working 考查謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。分析句子成分可知，此處缺謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)句意“我這么多年來一直都是這樣做的(指用手轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)輪子)”表示從過去某時(shí)開始到現(xiàn)在一直發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。
10．has 考查謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。分析句子成分可知that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句中缺謂語動(dòng)詞，主語是anyone，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，由who tries to...及many people don't like...可知，此處應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
