2024屆浙江省高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)專(zhuān)題課件:第1部分專(zhuān)題11 特殊句式
If asked to look after luggage for someone else,inform the
police at once. 如果有人要求為他照看行李,請(qǐng)馬上報(bào)警。 Although small,the company has about 1,000 buyers in
over 30 countries.這家公司雖然小,但它在30多個(gè)國(guó)家有大 約1 000個(gè)客戶(hù)。 There are some health problems that,when not treated(when
some health problems are not treated )in time,can become bigger ones later on. 有一些健康問(wèn)題,如果不及時(shí)處理,過(guò)些時(shí)候會(huì)變成比較嚴(yán) 重的問(wèn)題。 It sounds like something is wrong with the car’s engine. If so,we’d better take it to the garage immediately. 汽車(chē)的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)聽(tīng)上去好像出問(wèn)題了。如果這樣的話,我們 最好馬上把它弄到修理廠。 I asked him to see the film,but he didn’t want to. 我請(qǐng)他去看電影,但他不想去。 —He hasn’t finished the work. ——他還沒(méi)有完成工作。 —Well,he ought to have. ——哦,他早該完成了。 1.(2024·高考福建卷,T28)The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely,________,reaching 30℃ in summer. A.if not
B.if ever C.if any
D.if so 解析:考查省略句。句意:這里的氣候宜人,如果曾經(jīng)有的話,在夏季氣溫極少達(dá)到30攝氏度。if not如果不;if ever如 果曾經(jīng)有,如果曾經(jīng)發(fā)生;if any如果有的話;if so如果是這 樣的話。根據(jù)句中的關(guān)鍵詞quite pleasant(宜人),rarely(極 少)可知,空格處表達(dá)的意思是“如果曾經(jīng)有(if ever)”。 B 2.The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but
was asked by the police ________. A.not to do
B.not to C.not do
D.do not 解析:考查省略。句意:那個(gè)司機(jī)想把車(chē)停靠在路邊,但是警察不允許他這樣做。這里為了避免重復(fù),省略與前文相同的部分,只保留不定式符號(hào)to。補(bǔ)充完整后應(yīng)為“was asked by the police not to park his car near the roadside”。 B 考點(diǎn)五 其他特殊句式 1.(2024·高考湖南卷,T32)Always ________ in mind that
your main task is to get this company running smoothly. A.to keep
B.to have kept C.keep
D.have kept 解析:考查祈使句。句意:一直要記住:你的主要任務(wù)是 使這家公司運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)順利。祈使句一般以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭,故用 keep。 C 2.(2024·高考天津卷,T1)Give me a chance,________ I’ll
give you a wonderful surprise. A.if
B.or C.a(chǎn)nd
D.while 解析:考查“祈使句+and+簡(jiǎn)單句”。句意:給我一個(gè)機(jī) 會(huì),我就會(huì)給你一個(gè)大驚喜。由空格前的“給我一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)” 和空格后的“我就會(huì)給你一個(gè)大驚喜”可知空格前后兩部分 是順接關(guān)系,需用and連接,所以選擇C項(xiàng)。 C 3.(2024·高考重慶卷,T10)—I spent two weeks in London last summer. —Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay,________ you? A.mustn’t
B.haven’t C.didn’t
D.hadn’t 解析:考查反意疑問(wèn)句。句意:——去年夏天,我在倫敦度 過(guò)了兩個(gè)星期。——那么,在此期間你肯定參觀了英國(guó)博物 館,是不是?must have done結(jié)構(gòu)在句中表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的 肯定推測(cè),當(dāng)句末有反意疑問(wèn)的語(yǔ)氣時(shí),可分為兩種情況:
(1)句中沒(méi)有明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu)為 “haven’t/hasn’t...”;(2)句中有明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí),反 意疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu)為“didn’t...?”.根據(jù)題干中的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) last summer以及during your stay可知,反意疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng) 用第二種情況。 C 1.祈使句的固定句式 (1)祈使句+and+簡(jiǎn)單句 “如果……就……” (2)祈使句+or/otherwise+簡(jiǎn)單句 “……否則……” (3)名詞詞組(多含有more,another)+and+簡(jiǎn)單句 “如果 再……就……” 2.感嘆句的固定句式 (1)What+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!=How +形容詞+a/an+單詞名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)! (2)What(+形容詞)+不可數(shù)名詞/復(fù)數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)! (3)How+形容詞/副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)! (4)How+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)! 3.反意疑問(wèn)句 (1)祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句 ①肯定的祈使句,反意疑問(wèn)部分用will you/won’t you。 ②否定的祈使句,反意疑問(wèn)部分用will you。 ③Let’s...,shall we? ④Let us...,will you? (2)主從復(fù)合句的反意疑問(wèn)句,與主句的主謂語(yǔ)保持一致。 但當(dāng)陳述部分是I /We think/believe/expect/suppose加從句 時(shí),疑問(wèn)句應(yīng)和從句的人稱(chēng)時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。
當(dāng)陳述部分為否定式,反意疑問(wèn)部分為肯定式 時(shí),其回答往往與漢語(yǔ)不一致,要特別注意! —Tom doesn’t know it,does he? ——湯姆不知道這事,對(duì)吧? —No,he doesn’t./Yes,he does. ——對(duì),他不知道。/不,他知道。 (2024·高考大綱全國(guó)卷,單項(xiàng)填空,改編)Call me tomorrow and I’ll let you know the lab result. 明天給我打電話,我會(huì)讓你知道實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的。 (2024·高考北京卷,單項(xiàng)填空,改編)Observe carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab. 在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里做實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí),一定要仔細(xì)觀察有無(wú)變化發(fā)生。 You have to move out of the way or the truck cannot get past
you.你得讓開(kāi),否則卡車(chē)從你身邊過(guò)不去。 There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent,is
there?毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),你認(rèn)為他是無(wú)辜的。難道不是嗎? The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems
we would face.這個(gè)驚人的消息使我意識(shí)到我們將面臨多么 嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。
陳述部分含有must的反意疑問(wèn)句。(1)must作 “必須”講時(shí),其反意疑問(wèn)部分用needn’t;當(dāng)含有mustn’t 時(shí),其反意疑問(wèn)部分用must/may。(2)當(dāng)must 表示推測(cè),作 “一定”講時(shí),把推測(cè)的句子變成一個(gè)表事實(shí)的陳述句,然 后根據(jù)陳述句變反意疑問(wèn)句。 The work must have been finished yesterday,wasn’t it?→The work was finished yesterday,wasn’t it? 1.Do not let any failures discourage you,for you can never
tell ________ close you may be to victory. A.how
B.that C.which
D.where 解析:考查名詞性從句和感嘆句。句意:別讓失敗使你灰心喪氣,因?yàn)槟阌肋h(yuǎn)不可能弄清楚你離勝利有多近。及物動(dòng)詞tell后接感嘆句構(gòu)成的賓語(yǔ)從句,根據(jù)句意可知設(shè)空處修飾形容詞close,故應(yīng)用how。 A 2.Every day ________ a proverb aloud several times until
you have it memorized. A.read
B.reading C.to read
D.reads 解析:考查祈使句。句意:每天都要大聲朗讀幾遍諺語(yǔ),直到你能背誦為止。連詞until引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,前面為主 句,主句是一個(gè)祈使句,故選A。此處不要被時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) “Every day”所迷惑。 A 欄目導(dǎo)引 考點(diǎn)導(dǎo)學(xué) 重點(diǎn)突破 典題在線 知能提升 專(zhuān)題強(qiáng) 化訓(xùn)練 專(zhuān)題11
特殊句式 欄目導(dǎo)引 考點(diǎn)導(dǎo)學(xué) 重點(diǎn)突破 典題在線 知能提升 專(zhuān)題強(qiáng) 化訓(xùn)練 專(zhuān)題11
特殊句式 專(zhuān)題11
特殊句式 [考情分析] 特殊句式為高中階段學(xué)生應(yīng)該掌握的基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法,在近年的高 考試卷中,都會(huì)出現(xiàn)這方面的考查的試題。尤其是省略句、 強(qiáng)調(diào)句、倒裝句、主謂一致、There be 句型、感嘆句、祈使 句等方面。其中省略句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、主謂一致是考查的重點(diǎn)。 具體掌握這些句式的結(jié)構(gòu)、分析這些句式的構(gòu)成是十分重要 的。除此之外,感嘆句主要考查what和how的選取,倒裝句 主要考查其在高考書(shū)面表達(dá)中的應(yīng)用。所以在高考備考中, 該部分內(nèi)容仍需要重點(diǎn)掌握,以便有充分的能力應(yīng)對(duì)高考。 考點(diǎn)一 倒裝句 1.(2024·高考天津卷,T3)Only when Lily walked into the
office ________ that she had left the contract at home. A.she realized
B.has she realized C.she has realized
D.did she realize 解析:考查部分倒裝。句意:直到莉莉走進(jìn)辦公室時(shí),她才意識(shí)到她把合同落在家里了。“only+狀語(yǔ)從句”位于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí),主句用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序。由walked可知此處用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選did she realize。 D 2.(2024·高考江蘇卷,T28)It might have saved me some
trouble ________ the schedule. A.did I know
B.have I known C.do I know
D.had I known 解析:考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣在倒裝句式中的應(yīng)用。句意:要是早知道時(shí)間表的話,可能會(huì)省去我一些麻煩。由句意和might
have saved可知,句子用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣。本句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí) 相反的情況,故從句謂語(yǔ)用had known。if引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)條件句中含有were,had,should時(shí),可將它們提到主語(yǔ)之前,并將if省略。 D 全部倒裝 部分倒裝 表示方位或時(shí)間的副詞或介詞短語(yǔ),如here,there,then, in,up,down,off,away,in the room,on the wall等置于句首,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多為be,come,go等,并且主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)(主語(yǔ)為代詞時(shí),不能倒裝)。 表語(yǔ)置于句首,為保持句子平衡,或以示強(qiáng)調(diào),或使上下文銜接需倒裝。結(jié)構(gòu)為:表語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)。 only所修飾的詞、短語(yǔ)或從句位于句首作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),主句要部分倒裝(only修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí),不倒裝)。 含有否定意義的副詞或詞組(never,seldom,little,hardly, by no means,not until等)位于句首時(shí)。 部分倒裝 hardly...when...,no sooner...than...,not only...but(also)...等引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)分句時(shí),若hardly,no
sooner,not only位于句首,前一個(gè)分句用部分倒裝,后一個(gè)分句不變。 so/neither/nor置于句首,意為“也”或“也不”,表示前面所說(shuō)的情況也適用于另一個(gè)人或事物時(shí)。 so/such...that...句型中,當(dāng)such+n.或so+adj./adv.位于句首時(shí),主句部分倒裝,that從句不倒裝。 though/as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)通常用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),其結(jié)構(gòu)為:名詞/形容詞/副詞/動(dòng)詞+though/as+主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。 當(dāng)if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件從句中含有had,were或should等時(shí),如將if省略,則要將had,were或should提到主語(yǔ)之前。 (2024·高考湖北卷,完成句子,改編)Into the complete silence of the waiting class came the teacher’s sweet voice,“Good
morning,children.” 在全班同學(xué)靜靜的等待中傳來(lái)了老師甜甜的嗓音:“孩子 們,早上好。” Not until he went through real hardship did he realize the love we have for our families is important.直到他經(jīng)歷了真正的困 難他才意識(shí)到我們愛(ài)護(hù)家人是非常重要的。 Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours did they reach a decision. 討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題數(shù)小時(shí)后他們才作出決定。 Never before has she seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert. 她以前從沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)打網(wǎng)球和羅伯特一樣好的人。 John opened the door.There stood a girl he had never seen before. 約翰打開(kāi)門(mén),他從來(lái)沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)的一個(gè)女孩子站在那兒。 The computer was used in teaching.As a result,not only was teachers’ energy saved,but students became more interested in the lessons.電腦被應(yīng)用于教學(xué)中。結(jié)果,不僅節(jié)省了老師 的精力,學(xué)生也對(duì)課堂更感興趣了。 Such great progress did he make that he was praised. 他取得了如此大的進(jìn)步以至于受到了表?yè)P(yáng)。 1.(2024·高考湖南卷,T23)Only after talking to two students ________ that having strong motivation is one of the biggest
factors in reaching goals. A.I did discover
B.did I discover C.I discovered
D.discovered I 解析:考查部分倒裝。句意:直到跟兩個(gè)學(xué)生談了話以后我 才發(fā)現(xiàn),有強(qiáng)烈的動(dòng)機(jī)是達(dá)到目標(biāo)的最重要的因素之一。 only修飾after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),且位于句首,故句子需用部 分倒裝語(yǔ)序。 B 2.(2024·高考陜西卷,T17)No sooner ________stepped onthe stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause. A.had Mo Yan
B.Mo Yan had C.has Mo Yan
D.Mo Yan has 解析:考查倒裝句以及時(shí)態(tài)。句意:莫言一登上舞臺(tái),觀眾 就發(fā)出了雷鳴般的掌聲.no sooner...than...“一……就……” 是一個(gè)固定搭配,而且主句通常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài);no sooner 置于句首時(shí),其后用部分倒裝,所以選擇A項(xiàng)。這個(gè)句子轉(zhuǎn) 化為陳述句為:Mo Yan had no sooner stepped on the stage
than the audience broke into thunderous applause.。 A 考點(diǎn)二 強(qiáng)調(diào)句 1.(2024·高考重慶卷,T9)Bach died in 1750,but it was not until the early 19th century ________ his musical gift was fully recognized. A.while
B.though C.that
D.a(chǎn)fter 解析:考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。巴赫于1750年去世,但是直到19世紀(jì)早期他的音樂(lè)天賦才被完全承認(rèn)。it is/was...that...是強(qiáng) 調(diào) 句型,本題被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)not until the early 19th
century。 C 2.(2024·高考湖南卷,T21)It was when we were returning
home ________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have
helped someone in trouble. A.which
B.that C.where
D.how 解析:考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的判定。句意:是我們快要回家的時(shí) 候,我才意識(shí)到了幫助有困難的人感覺(jué)多么美妙!強(qiáng)調(diào)句型 的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+剩余部 分”。若將It is/was與that/who去掉,句子成分仍然完整,那 么該句就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。經(jīng)判斷,When we were returning home
I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in
trouble.句子成分完整,由此可以斷定本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句,空格處 應(yīng)用that。 B 強(qiáng) 調(diào)句 強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 陳述句式:It is/was...that/who...(強(qiáng)調(diào)除謂語(yǔ)以外的成分) 一般疑問(wèn)句:Is/Was+it+...that/who...? 特殊疑問(wèn)句:疑問(wèn)詞+is/was+it+that/who...? “not...until...”的強(qiáng)調(diào)句:It is/was not until...that...(注意時(shí)態(tài)) do/does/did+動(dòng)詞原形(只用于肯定句,并且只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)) It is the TV programme The song of China that has made
Zhao Lei so famous.是電視節(jié)目《中國(guó)好歌曲》 使趙雷大大出名了。 It was not until I came here that I realized this place was
famous for not only its beauty but also its weather. 直到來(lái)到這里我才意識(shí)到這個(gè)地方不僅因?yàn)樗拿利惗劽€因它的天氣而聞名。 It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do that benefits our work most. 給我們工作帶來(lái)最大益處的不是我們做了多少而是我們將多少愛(ài)投入到我們所從事的事業(yè)中。 The patient looks much better.What is it that has made him
what he is today? 那個(gè)病人看上去好多了。是什么讓他變成今天這樣的呢? It was Chai Jing that presented a self-funded documentary
about smog in January,2024. 是柴靜在2024年1月公布了自費(fèi)拍攝的關(guān)于霧霾的紀(jì)錄片。 1.(2024·高考湖南卷,T33)It’s not doing the things we like,but liking the things we have to do ________makes life happy. A.that
B.which C.what
D.who 解析:考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意:讓生活愉快的不是做我們喜歡的事情,而是喜歡那些我們不得不做的事情。本題中包含結(jié)構(gòu)not...but...“不是……而是……”,連接平行的并列結(jié)構(gòu)。 A 2.It was with the help of the local guide ________ the
mountain climber was rescued. A.who
B.that C.when
D.how 解析:考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意:在當(dāng)?shù)貙?dǎo)游的幫助下,這個(gè) 登 山運(yùn)動(dòng)員才得以獲救。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為:It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who...。 B 考點(diǎn)三 主謂一致 1.(2024·高考湖南卷,T27)It is important to remember that success ________ a sum of small efforts made each day and
often ________ years to achieve. A.is;takes
B.a(chǎn)re;takes C.a(chǎn)re;take
D.is;take 解析:考查主謂一致。句意:重要的是要記住,成功是每天所做的一些小小的努力的總和,它常常需要很多年的時(shí)間才能實(shí)現(xiàn)。此處success是不可數(shù)名詞,作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),故選A項(xiàng)。 A 2.(2024·高考湖南卷,T32)All we need________a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees
throughout the growing seasons of the year. A.a(chǎn)re
B.was C.is
D.were 解析:考查主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)。句意:我們所需要的就是一小塊地而已,在那里我們可以在整個(gè)作物生長(zhǎng)期內(nèi)栽種各種 各樣的果樹(shù)。根據(jù)空格后的a small piece of land可知, 本句 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)該是單數(shù),因?yàn)楫?dāng)all,all of,half of,the rest
of,most of及“百分?jǐn)?shù)或分?jǐn)?shù)+of”等后接名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式根據(jù)其后的名詞而定,所以排除are和 were。而根據(jù)句中的All we need可知,這里說(shuō)的是現(xiàn)在的事 實(shí),所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),故排除was,所以選擇C項(xiàng)。 C 1.語(yǔ)法一致 主語(yǔ)后跟有with,together with,as well as,like,but, except,along with,rather than,including,in addition to 等引起的短語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與前面的主語(yǔ)保持一致。 Mr.Smith,together with his wife and daughters,is going to
visit Beijing this summer.史密斯先生和他的妻子、女兒們今 年夏天將要一起參觀北京。 2.就近一致 由or,either...or...,neither...nor...,not only...but also...等連接的并列主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常與最近的主語(yǔ)在單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致。 Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. 要么是你或者你的一名學(xué)生應(yīng)該出席明天的會(huì)議。 3.意義一致 (1)“no/each/every/many a+單數(shù)名詞+and+no/each/every/ many a+單數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù). (2)“half/most/part/the rest/分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞”作主語(yǔ) 時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式根據(jù)名詞的形式來(lái)確定。 Only 60 percent of the work was done yesterday. 昨天僅完成了60%的工作。 About one third of the books are worth reading. 這些書(shū)中大約有三分之一的書(shū)值得一讀。 One-third of the country is covered with trees and the majority of the citizens are black people. 三分之一的國(guó)土被樹(shù)覆蓋,而且大多數(shù)的公民是黑人。 (3)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、名詞性從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù). To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit. 早睡早起是一個(gè)好習(xí)慣。 What he has said leaves much for us to think about. 他說(shuō)的話發(fā)人深省。 (4)表示時(shí)間、金錢(qián)、距離、重量等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 通常當(dāng)作整體看待,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 Twenty years is a long time in one’s life. 二十年在人的一生中是很長(zhǎng)的一段時(shí)間。 20,000 dollars is not a small sum of money. 兩萬(wàn)美元不是一筆小數(shù)目。 1.Generally,students’ inner motivation with high