2024年高考英語一輪復習講練測：必修2 語法專題復習 特殊句式復習（講）（解析版）
（講）-2024年高考英語一輪復習講練測（解析版）
必修
語法知識精一考點梳理。
1.考查否定詞置于句首時的倒裝形式
【例】 Never in my wildest dreams_____these people are living in such poor conditions.
A.I could imagine
B.could I imagine
C.I couldn't imagine
D.couldn't I imagine
【答案】B
2.考查否定的介詞短語置于句首時的倒裝形式
【例】I've tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means________with my progress.
A. the teacher is not satisfied
B.is the teacher not satisfied
C. the teacher is satisfied
D. is the teacher satisfied
【答案】D
【解析】當by no means, in no case, on no condition等表示否定意義的介詞短語置于句首時，其后要用倒裝語序。
3.考查so／neither／nor doI類型的倒裝形式
【例】(1) —— My room gets very cold at night.
—— ____.
A. So is mine
B.So mine is
C.So does mine
D.So mine does
【答案】C
【解析】so does mine在此的意思是“我的房間也一樣”。表示“……也一樣”時，so的后面要用倒裝語序，故可排除選項B和D。又因為前面一句的謂語動詞為實義動詞(gets)，所以后面一句要用助動詞does，不能用is。所以答案選C。
【例】(2) If Joe's wife won't go to the party,____.
A. he will either
B.neither will he
C.he neither will
D.either he will
【答案】B
【解析】當要表示“……也一樣不”時，neither后要接倒裝語序，故選B。注意不能用either。4.考查so…that句式的倒裝形式
【例】So difficult____it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.
A.I did find
B.didI find
C.I have found
D.have I found
【答案】B
【解析】句子使用的基本句式為so…that…結構。按英語語法，當該結構的置于句首時，其后的句子（主句）要用倒裝語序。
5.考查“only+狀語”置于句首時的倒裝形式
【例】 Only then_______ how much damage had been caused.
A. she realized
B.she had realized
C had she realized
D.did she realize
【答案】D
6.考查表語或狀語置于句首時的倒裝形式
【例】(1) At the foot of the mountain____.
A.a village lie
B.lies a village
C. does a village lie
D.lying a village
【答案】B
【解析】將地點狀語at the foot of the mountain置于句首，其后要用完全倒裝。其正常語序為：A village lies at the foot of the mountain.
【例】(2) Just in front of our house____with a history of l,000 years.
A. does a tall tree stand
B.stands a tall tree
C.a tall tree is standing
D.atall tree stands
【答案】B
【解析】其正常語序為：A tall tree stands just in front of our house with a history of l,000 years.
7. 考查強調結構的基本形式
即考查It is／was...that／who...這一強調句式的用法，其考點主要涉及句首it的正確使用（通常用this，that, he，she等進行干擾），句中that/who的正確使用（通常用what, which，how，when，since，before，after，as等進行干擾）等。
【例】(1) David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature___hechose the course.
A. that
B.what
C.why
D. how
【答案】A
【解析】考查“It was+被強調部分+that…”這一強調句式，被強調部分為介詞短語because of his strong interest in literature.
【例】(2)I don't mind her criticizing me, but__is how she does it that I object to.
A. it
B.that
C.this
D. which
【答案】A
8.考查強調結構特殊疑問句形式
前面已經(jīng)講到，強調結構It is／was...that／who...的特殊疑問句形式為“疑問詞+is/was it that...”。遇到這類題時，關鍵是要能夠識別它是強調結構，同時根據(jù)句意或句子成分確定相應疑問詞的選擇。
【例】(1)---____that he manage to get the information?
---Oh，a friend of his helped him.
A. Where was it
B.What was it
C How was it
D. Why was it
【答案】C
【解析】考查強調結構的特殊疑問句形式，根據(jù)答語的意思可知，問句用疑問詞how最合適。how在此表示方式。
【例】(2)I just wonder__that makes him so excited.
A. why it does
B.what he does:
C.how it is
D. what it is
【答案】D
【解析】考查強調結構的特殊疑問句形式。由于其中的動詞makes缺主語，說明空格處應填一個能用作主語的疑問句，由此可排除A、c，故可確定正確答案只能在B和D之間；再根據(jù)強調結構的基本句式“疑問詞+is/was it that...”可知，答案只能是D。
9．綜合考查強調結構和not...until...句式
not...until...句式用于強調結構時，其基本結構為 is/was not until...that...，命題切入點主要有三個方面：一是考查It is／was not until的正確形式（通常用其肯定式進行干擾）；二是考查其中的that的正確用法（通常用when等干擾）；三是考查not until后的詞序（應用正常詞序；但可能用倒裝詞序來干擾）。
【例】 (1) It____we had stayed together for a couple of weeks____I found we had a lot in common.
A. was until; when
B.was until; that
C. wasn't until; when
D. wasn't until; that
【答案】D
【解析】此題考查not...until...句式的強調形式It was not until..．that...的用法。注意不要想當然地將其中的that換成when。
【例】 (2) It was not until she got home____Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.
A. when
B.that
C.where
D.before
【答案】B
10．綜合考查強調結構和not…but…句式
綜合考查強調結構與not…but…句式所采用的命題形式通常為It is／was not...but...that...形式。
【例】(1) It is not who is ight but what is right_________is of importance.
A. which
B.it
C.that
D. this
【答案】C
【解析】此題考查It is...that...這一強調句式，被強調的是not who is ight but what is right，該句意為：重要的不是誰是對的，而是什么才是對的。
有時考查not…but…的同義結構...rather than...與強調結構的綜合運用。例如：
【例】 (2) It is what you do rather than what you say____matters.
A. that
B.what
C.which
D.this
【答案】A
【解析】被強調成分為what you do rather than what you say句意為：重要的是你怎么做，而不是你怎么說。
要點點撥
一、完全倒裝
1. here, there, away, down, in, up, off, out, now, then, next等表方位的副詞或時間副詞放在句首，且句子主語為名詞時。Here comes the bus.公共汽車朝這兒開過來了。
【例】For a moment nothing happened Then
all shouting together.
A. voices had come
B. came voices
C. voices would come
D. did voices come
【答案】B
2．表地點的介詞短語作狀語位于句首時。
In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.
在英國一所大學的演講廳里坐著一位教授。
From the valley came a frightening sound.
從山谷里傳來了一陣可怕的聲音。
3．形容詞、-ed分詞、-ing分詞或介詞短語作表語置于句首，強調表語時，或為保持句子結構平衡用倒裝。
Present at the meeting were Professor White and many other guests.懷特教授和很多其他客人出席了會議。（形容詞）
Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people．
他們對中國人民為所欲為的日子一去不復返了。（過去分詞）
．在there be句型中，要用完全倒裝。
二、部分倒裝
1．only+副詞／介詞短語／狀語從句位于句首時。但only+主語位于句首不倒裝。
Only in this way can you master English.
只有用這種方式你才能掌握英語。
Only when he returned did we find out the truth.
只有當他返回時，我們才能發(fā)現(xiàn)真相。
2. hardly.., when,.., no sooner.., than..., never, not, no longer，little，not until，seldom，in no time， nowhere等否定副詞、否定的介詞短語和連詞位于句首時。
Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework.
直到老師來他才完成家庭作業(yè)。
Never before have I seen such, a moving film.
我以前從未看過一部如此感人的電影。
【例】Not until I came home last night ________ to bed.
A. Mum did go
B. did Mum go
C. went Mum
D. Mum went
【答案】B
【解析】考查倒裝語序的用法。not until 位于句首時要用半倒裝的句型，把助動詞did提到主語Mum的前面。所以答案為：B
【例】Little
about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself.
A. did Rose care
B. Rose did care
C. Rose does care
D. does Rose care
【答案】A
3．so…that…中的so…，以及such.．．that...中的such...位于句首時。
So carelessly did he drive that he almost killed himself.
他開車太粗心了，差一點送了自己的命。
Such a lovely boy is he that we all like him.
他是如此可愛的一個男孩以至于我們都喜歡他。
So frightened was he that he dared not go out.
他如此害怕以至于他不敢出去。
【例】So sudden ________that the enemy had no time to escape.
A. did the attack
B. the attack did
C. was the attack
D. the attack was
【答案】C
【解析】本題考查倒裝，so ..that.., such ..that..的句子結構中，若so, such 和與其所修飾的詞置于句首，實行部分倒裝，又sudden是形容詞，作表語，所以選C。
4．副詞／形容詞／名詞／動詞／過去分詞+ as/though引導的讓步狀語從句。
【例】Unsatisfied
with the payment, he took the job just to got some work experience. A. though was he
B. though he was
C. he was though
D. was he though
【答案】B
【解析】考查倒裝句的用法。Though/as引導讓步狀語從句時要采用倒裝語序，把表語，狀語或動詞原形提到though前構成倒裝句。Unsatisfied though he was=though he was unsatisfied.
【例】 I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, _____ do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin.
A. as
B. which
C. when
D. though
【答案】A
【例】Try as he might,he didn't succeed.
盡管他盡了力，還是沒成功。
5．在if引導的虛擬條件句中，if省略，were，had與should移到主語前。
Should it not rain, the crops would die.
如果不下雨，莊稼就要枯死了。
6．not only.., but also...連接并列分句且置于句首時前倒后不倒，但連接并列主語時不倒裝。
【例】The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only ______ , but students became more interested in the lessons.
A. saved was teachers’ energy
B. was teachers’ energy saved
C. teachers’ energy was saved
D. was saved teachers’ energy
【答案】B。
【解析】句意為：計算機應用于教學。結果，不僅教師節(jié)省能量，而且學生對課程更感興趣。考查“not only...but also...”， 放在句首作狀語，句子則進行部分倒裝。前一部分倒裝，后一部分不倒裝。
Not only did the garage overcharge me, but they hadn't done a very good repair job either.
修車廠不僅對我超額收費，而且維修工作還很差。
Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.
不僅幫助人們尋找工作。而且也將提供醫(yī)療給那些需要的人。
7．neither.., nor...連接并列分句且置于句首時前后都倒裝，但連接并列主語時不倒裝。
Neither is he clever,nor does he work hard.
他既不聰明也不努力。
8．neither/nor/no more表否定位于句首時；so表肯定位于句首時。
so+助動詞十主語前后主語不一樣，表示前面的情況也適用于后者。
主語十助動詞+ so表示某人做了那件事。so+主語十助動詞前后主語一致，表示確實如此。
“So do I．”在口語中常說成“Me too．”。
——I like fresh fruit．我喜歡新鮮水果。
——Me too．（—— So do I．）我也喜歡。
They love having lots of friends;so do those with disabilities.他們喜歡有很多的朋友，殘疾人也一樣。
He came last night,and so did I.
他昨晚來了，我也是。
省略
（一）、定語從句中作賓語的關系代詞
定語從句中作賓語的關系代詞that，which，whom可省略；當先行詞是reason，place時，作狀語的關系副詞why，whose也可省略。
I don't know the reason (why) he was late for class.我不知道他上課遲到的原因。
（二）、狀語從句中的省略現(xiàn)象
1．當狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致，且謂語動詞為be動詞時，可以省略狀語從句的主語和be動詞，這時從句中可出現(xiàn)如下結構：
(1)連詞(as，as if,once)+名詞
