2024屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪單元復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解訓(xùn)練：Unit 7《The Sea》（北師大版含解析）
Unit 7 The Sea
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
, 從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng) (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
(2024·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二調(diào)，C)
Global Positioning Systems are now a part of everyday driving in many countries. These
satellitebased systems provide turnbyturn directions to help people get to where they want to
go. But they can also cause a lot of problems, sending you to the wrong place or leave you
completely lost. Many times, the driver is to blame. Sometimes a GPS error is responsible. Most
often, says Barry Brown, it is a combination of the two.
Barry Brown is with the Mobile Life Centre in Stockholm, Sweden. The center studies
humancomputer interaction, or HCI, especially communications involving wireless devices. We
spoke to Mr Brown by Skype. He told us about an incident involving a friend who had flown to
an airport in the eastern United States. There he borrowed a GPSequipped car to use during his
stay.
Barry Brown：“And they just plugged in an address and then set off to their destination.”
And, then it wasn't until they were driving for thirty minutes that they realized they had put in a
destination back on the West Coast where they lived. They actually put their home address in. So
again, the_GPS_is_kind_of_“garbage_in_garbage_out”．
Mr Brown says this is a common human error. But, he says, what makes the problem worse
has to do with some of the shortcomings, or failures, of GPS equipment.
Barry Brown：“One problem with many GPS units is they have a very small screen and they
just tell you the next turn. Because they just give you the next turn, sometimes that means that it
is not really giving you the overview that you would need to know that it's going to the wrong
place.”
Barry Brown formerly served as a professor with the University of California, San Diego.
While there, he worked on a project with Eric Laurier from the University of Edinburgh. The
two men studied the effects of GPS devices on driving by placing cameras in people's cars. They
wrote a paper based on their research. It is called “The Normal, Natural Troubles of Driving
with GPS.”
Barry Brown: “One of the things that struck us, perhaps the most important thing was that you have to know what you're doing when you use a GPS. There are these new skills that people have developed. There are these new competencies that you need to have to be able to use a GPS because they sometimes go wrong.”
Barry Brown says this goes against a common belief that GPS systems are for passive drivers who lack navigational (導(dǎo)航) skills.
“The Normal, Natural Troubles of Driving with GPS” lists several areas where GPS systems can cause confusion for drivers. These include maps that are outdated, incorrect or difficult to understand. They also include timing issues related to when GPS commands are given.
Barry Brown says to make GPS systems better we need a better understanding of how drivers, passengers and GPS systems work together.
文章大意：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。GPS全球定位系統(tǒng)可以幫助人們找到想去的地方，但GPS也會(huì)帶來(lái)許多問(wèn)題，所以使用GPS全球定位系統(tǒng)是否可靠變得不確定。
1．What is the best title for this passage?
A．Is GPS system reliable to use?
B．What is the use of GPS?
C．How to make the most of GPS?
D．Blame! GPS or Passengers?
答案：A 標(biāo)題概括題。文章第一段是全文的主旨段。根據(jù)第一段可知，GPS全球定位系統(tǒng)可以幫助人們找到想去的地方，但GPS也會(huì)導(dǎo)致許多問(wèn)題，所以使用GPS全球定位系統(tǒng)是否可靠變得不確定。所以A項(xiàng)最適合做文章的標(biāo)題，故答案選A。
2．What is the implication of the underlined part?
A．GPS is just a garbage device.
B．GPS will not correct human errors.
C．GPS adjusts your wrong destination.
D．GPS is just as smart as human beings.
答案：B 句意理解題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線(xiàn)句子后面一句“Mr Brown says this is a common human error.”并結(jié)合上下文可知，畫(huà)線(xiàn)句子所包含的意思是：GPS不能糾正人類(lèi)的錯(cuò)誤。故答案選B。
3．Which is NOT mentioned as a GPS shortcoming in the passage?
A．Small screen.
B．Timing of commands.
C．Outdated maps.
D．Dear cameras GPS uses.
答案：D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段第一句可知，A項(xiàng)是GPS的缺點(diǎn)；根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段可知，B、C兩項(xiàng)均是GPS的缺點(diǎn)。所以只有D項(xiàng)不是GPS的缺點(diǎn)。故答案選D。
4．According to the passage, people commonly believe that ________.
A．you have to know where to go when using GPS
B．you need to have new competencies to use GPS well
C．GPS is proper for drivers with little sense of direction
D．GPS is fit for people having good understanding of maps
答案：C 推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，人們普遍認(rèn)為，GPS全球定位系統(tǒng)適合方向感差的人。C項(xiàng)符合文義，故答案選C。
B
(2024·河北省模擬)Sunstroke is a condition that can quickly go from dangerous to deadly, especially if proper care isn't given immediately.
Sunstroke, sometimes called heatstroke, is a result of the body temperature rising above the safe limit. This causes the body's necessary functions to stop working.
It's usually pretty easy to avoid sunstroke, as long as proper
action is taken. In that case, you need to act as quickly as possible to return that person's body to a safe temperature. Here are a few tips to help treat sunstroke.
Call for help
Call to get an ambulance as quickly as possible. This should be the first thing you do, especially if the sunstroke person has fainted (昏倒). Also, call for help from anyone nearby if you're in a public place. If there's no one around, call someone nearby if they can get there sooner than an ambulance. Ask everyone to bring you as much water as possible, if there isn't much nearby.
Get the person to a cooler area
If there's a building nearby, aim for that. Anywhere with plenty of air conditioners and water is perfect. If a building isn't available, bring the person to a well-shaded area.
Get the water flowing
If the person is still conscious, get him or her to drink water. If there's a bathtub available, fill it with cool water and put the person in it.
If your water supply is limited, you have to save it. Dampen a towel or shirt and put it on the person's body. Focus on the face, neck, and chest.
Fan the person
Getting moving air over the person cools him or her down. Use anything, a towel or sheet, a shirt, your hands, or a piece of board. This is where having many people around really helps, as they can combine to fan the entire body.
1.When does a person get sunstroke?
A.When the body doesn't function.
B.When proper care is given immediately.
C.When someone is exposed to the sun too long.
D.When the body temperature goes up beyond what one can bear.
2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text?
A.Call for assistance from others.
B.Leave the sunstroke person in the shade.
C.Put a wet towel on the person's face.
D.Help the person take some medicine.
3.What is mainly discussed in the passage?
A.The first aid for sunstroke.
B.The causes of sunstroke.
C.The chief symptoms of sunstroke.
D.The essential prevention of sunstroke.
4.The text probably comes from
a (n) ________.
A.guidebook B.book review
C.medical magazine
D.official document
1．解析：選D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Sunstroke, sometimes called heatstroke, is a result of the body temperature rising above the safe limit.”可知當(dāng)人體的體溫超過(guò)所能承受的安全極限時(shí)就會(huì)中暑即D項(xiàng)正確解析：選D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)Call for help下的“call for help from anyone”可知A項(xiàng)正確；根據(jù)Get the person to a cooler area中的第三句可知B項(xiàng)正確；根據(jù)Get the water flowing中的第二段的第二三句可知C項(xiàng)正確；D項(xiàng)在文章中沒(méi)有提到解析：選A 主旨大意題文章首先介紹了何為中暑以及中暑的危害結(jié)合第三段的最后一句“Here are a few tips to help treat sunstroke.”可知下文講述的是中暑時(shí)需要采取的急救措施即A項(xiàng)正確解析：選C 文章出處題文章主要介紹了中暑以及中暑后如何急救的相關(guān)知識(shí)故有可能選自一本醫(yī)學(xué)雜志即C項(xiàng)正確C
【2024高考訓(xùn)練】閱讀下列短文, 從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng) (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A new study shows students who write notes by hand during lectures perform better on exams than those who use laptops(筆記本電腦)．
Students are increasingly using laptops for note-taking because of speed and legibility(清晰度)．But the research has found laptop users are less able to remember and apply the concepts they have been taught.
Researchers performed experiments that aimed to find out whether using a laptop increased the tendency to make notes“mindlessly”by taking down word for word what the professors said.
In the first experiment，students were given either a laptop or pen and paper.They listened to the same lectures and were told to use their usual note-taking skills.Thirty minutes after the talk，they were examined on their ability to remember facts and on how well they understood concepts.
The researchers found that laptop users took twice as many notes as those who wrote by hand.However，the typists performed worse at remembering and applying the concepts.Both groups scored similarly when it came to memorizing facts.
The researchers' report said，“While more notes are beneficial，if the notes are taken mindlessly，as is more likely the case on a laptop，the benefit disappears.”
In another experiment aimed at testing long-term memory，students took notes as before but were tested a week after the lecture.This time，the students who wrote notes by hand performed significantly better on the exam.
These two experiments suggest that handwritten notes are not only better for immediate learning and understanding，but that they also lead to superior revision in the future.
1．More and more students favor laptops for note-taking because they can________.
A．write more notesB．digest concepts better
C．get higher scoresD．understand lectures better
．While taking notes，laptop users tend to be________.
A．skillful
B．mindlessC．thoughtful
D．tireless
．The author of the passage aims to________.
A．examine the importance of long-term memory
B．stress the benefit of taking notes by hand
C．explain the process of taking notes
D．promote the use of laptops
．The passage is likely to appear in________.
A．a(chǎn) newspaper advertisement
B．a(chǎn) computer textbook
C．a(chǎn) science magazine
D．a(chǎn) finance report
答案：
【語(yǔ)篇解讀】 本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文揭示實(shí)驗(yàn)研究的結(jié)果，用筆記本電腦記筆記的人記憶和應(yīng)用概念的能力較差，而用手記筆記的人在考試中的表現(xiàn)更好。
．A 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Students are increasingly using laptops for note-taking because of speed and legibility(清晰度)”可知，學(xué)生越來(lái)越多地使用筆記本電腦記筆記是因?yàn)樗乃俣群颓逦龋@說(shuō)明用筆記本電腦記筆記速度快、記得多。故選A。
．B 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“But the research has found laptop users are less able to remember and apply the concepts they have been taught”可知，研究已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)筆記本電腦的使用者沒(méi)能記住和應(yīng)用教給他們的概念。由此可推知，筆記本電腦的使用者在記筆記時(shí)是不動(dòng)腦子的。故選B。
．B 解析：推理判斷題。本文通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)了用筆記本電腦記筆記的不良效果和用手記筆記的優(yōu)勢(shì)，兩者相比突出了用手記筆記的好處。故選B。
．C 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，本文揭示實(shí)驗(yàn)研究的結(jié)果，用筆記本電腦記筆記的人記憶和應(yīng)用概念的能力較差，而用手記筆記的人在考試中的表現(xiàn)更好。由此可推知，本文應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在科學(xué)雜志里。故選C。
.任務(wù)型閱讀(2024·山東省日照市校際聯(lián)合檢測(cè))Everyone can benefit a lot from reading books. The following is about the various benefits of reading books.1.________ Whenever you read something, you learn information that you otherwise wouldn't have known. It can be a fact about history or a theory you didn't know existed. If you want to learn new words, reading books is a great way to enlarge your vocabulary.
2.________ Similar to solving puzzles, reading books allows your mind to practice its processing skills. Going without books for too long will turn your mind into a whirl (混亂).One of the primary benefits of reading books is its ability to develop your critical thinking skills. 3.________ Wherever you are faced with a similar problem in real life, your mind is able to put its mystery-solving skills to a test.
One of the great benefits of reading books is that the information in it can be accessed over and over again. For example, reading a cookbook allows you the luxury of reviewing the procedures whenever you need to. 4.________ Don't even think about writing the information down because you may lose the paper you wrote down on sooner or later.
These are just some of the wonderful benefits of reading books. 5.________ If you can't even go outside, you can download free e-books online and read them on your computer. That way, you can see how advantageous reading can be for yourself.
A.Reading books can put you in a confident mood.
B.You can improve your memory by reading.
C.Reading books provides you with new knowledge.
D.Following a recipe from a cooking show will be difficult.
E.Reading mystery novels, for example, sharpens your mind.
F.Reading keeps your mind in good condition.
G.Why don't you drop into the bookstore or library and pick a book up?
Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空(2024·河南省普通高中畢業(yè)班適應(yīng)性測(cè)試)Philip was a junior office assistant in a large company. He was quite ambitious, so he was keen to make a good 1.________ (impress)
on the boss. He often stayed late at the office, to show 2.________
committed and hardworking he was. One evening, he was just 3.________ to go home when he saw his boss 4.________ (stand) in front of the shredder (碎紙機(jī)), holding a document.“Ah, Philip! I'm glad you're still here in the office！”said the boss“Good 5.________ (see) all your hard work and professionalism. Now I wonder if you could help me.”
“Of course，” replied Philip.“It's no trouble.”
“Good man! You see, my secretary has already gone home 6.________
I haven't got a clue how this thing works. It's so important that I have to get this done before tomorrow. If you 7.________ (can) do this one more thing before you go home, I'd 8.________ (real) appreciate it.”
“No problem，” said Philip, 9.________
(happiness) to be asked to do such a simple job.
He took the document from his boss, turned on the machine, inserted the document and pressed the start button.
“That's excellent，” said the boss, as the document vanished into the shredder (碎紙機(jī)). “I just need two 10.________ (copy).”.書(shū)面表達(dá)上周開(kāi)始老師和家長(zhǎng)都要李明住校學(xué)習(xí)而他卻喜歡住在家里雙方各持己見(jiàn)假設(shè)你是李明請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)把這個(gè)情況告訴給中學(xué)生英語(yǔ)報(bào)某欄目組請(qǐng)求主編給予建議老師和家長(zhǎng)的理由 李明的理由
1.方便問(wèn)問(wèn)題；2.晚自習(xí)時(shí)間更有保證；3.培養(yǎng)獨(dú)立生活的能力
……
1.晚上有更多自習(xí)時(shí)間；2.學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容可以自由支配 注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.信的開(kāi)頭已給出不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)參考詞匯：住校board(v.)；方便做…… It's convenient to do ...；分歧disagreementDear Editor，
I'm a student of Senior 1. I am writing to ask you for some advice.
