2024屆高考英語1輪復習牛津譯林江蘇專版課件:M2 Unit 3《Amazing people》
16. put put aside 放在一邊;儲存;保留 put away 放好;收好 put down 寫下;記下;鎮壓 put forward 提出;推薦;把……提前
put in 伸進;提出;提交;申請,請求 put in for 申請;正式要求 put off 延期;推遲;關掉;阻止,妨礙 put on 穿上;戴上;上演;增加(體重) put out 熄滅;關燈;生產出,出版 put up 舉起;修建;提供 put up with 忍受;容忍 put through(把電話)接通;做完;向……傳達,提出(to sb.);使經受……的考驗 17. send
send away 送走;解雇
send for 派人去請 send out 發送;長出;發出(光、信號等) send up
上升;發射 18. set set about 開始做,著手 set apart 使分離;使顯得突出 set aside
留出;撥出
set back 推遲,阻礙;使花費 set off 動身出發;引起;使爆炸(cause to explode) set down 記下,寫下 set out 動身出發;引起;表示“著手做”時后跟動詞不定式 set up
建立;創立;引起 19. take
take after 與……相似 take apart 拆卸(機器) take away 帶回食物;解除,消除(病痛等) take down 記下來;拆掉 take for (錯)當作;(誤)認為 take in 吸收;接受;領會;欺騙 take off 起飛;匆匆離去;脫下 take on 呈現;采納;承擔,從事 take one's time 不要著急,慢慢地做 take over 接收,接管,取代 take up 占據,占(時間、空間);開始從事 take to 喜歡;養成……的習慣
20. turn turn down 關小,調低,拒絕 turn off 關上/掉;轉向;(使某人感到厭煩) turn out 關(燈);制造;結果是;原來是;培養 turn up 開大;被找到;到達;露面 turn to 求助于;(使)轉向;(把注意力等)轉向;翻(書)到 turn over (使)翻轉/身;移交;周轉;仔細考慮 1. My mother opened the drawer to ________ the knives and spoons.
A. put away
B. put up
C. put on
D. put together A 句意:母親打開屜子把刀和勺放好。put away 放好,收拾起來;put up 舉起,搭建,張貼,掛起; put on 穿上,戴上;put together 組裝,裝配,把……湊合起來。 2. No matter how low you consider yourself, there is always someone ________ you wishing, they were that high.
A. getting rid of
B. getting along with
C. looking up to
D. looking down upon
C 句意:你無論認為自己怎樣低下,總希望有個高尚的人來尊敬你。get rid of意為“擺脫;去除”;get along with意為“與……相處;進展”;look up to意為“尊敬;敬仰”;look down upon意為“看不起;輕視”。 * 2.rise和raise:rise vi. (rose, risen), 而raise vt. (raised, raised)。 3.hear與listen to:hear側重點是聽到,聽見什么,而listen to是側重于聽的傾向,但hear用于無意中的聽見,而listen to卻用于集中注意力的聽。 4.see, watch和look:see用作看電影,劇目;watch則用作看電視比賽,而watch還有在旁觀看之意。如:Are you going to play or only watch? look一般用作不及物動詞,只是當盯著某人看時用作及物動詞,如:The little boy looked me in the face.(小男孩直盯著我的臉。) 5.wind和wound:wind意為“蜿蜒而行”,其過去式與過去分詞都是wound,而動詞原形wound意為“傷害”,其過去式、過去分詞都是wounded。 6.hang的用法:hang有兩個意思:一為懸掛,是不規則動詞,過去式、過去分詞都是hung;二為絞刑,是規則動詞,其過去式、過去分詞都是hanged。 7.bear的過去分詞born與borne:bear作為“出生”講有兩個過去分詞born,borne。只有當be+ born短語后沒有by介詞短語時,才可用born。如:He was born in Shanghai. 而作他用時要用borne。如:She has borne five children. 但如果作“忍受”講,則一律用borne。 8.sit與seat:seat為及物動詞時是作“容納”講,sit只是表示動作。seat如果表示“就座”時要用be seated。如:They were seated at their desks. 或用seat oneself, 比如:I seated myself in the armchair. 9.borrow, lend與keep:“借入”英文中用borrow,“借出”用lend,但這兩個詞都是截止性動詞或瞬間動詞,不能用于長時間的動作,所以能“借”多久應用keep。 10.steal與rob:steal為“偷”。rob為“搶”,其用法不同。steal其后接物+from+某人、某地,而rob其后接人+of+搶的物品。 11.fit與suit:fit與suit均可作“合適”講,但英文中卻用在不同的地方。如fit用于尺寸大小的合適,而suit則多用于顏色式樣的合適。
12.take, bring 與fetch:英文中“拿”3個詞,即“拿來,拿去,去取然后回來(即雙程)”。所以“拿來,帶來”是bring,“拿去,帶走”是take,而“去取回來”是fetch。 13.answer與reply:作為“回答”講answer是及物動詞,如作不及物動詞,則意義不同,如answer for,意為“向某人或向某事負責”。而reply作“回答”講是不及物動詞,后跟賓語時,要加上to。 14.lost, gone與missing:作補足語時意為“丟失、不見了”,可以用lost, gone,但要用 miss時則不能用missed, 而要用missing。 15.have on, wear, put on及dress:作“穿衣服”講的動詞分為狀態和動作兩種。have on與wear作穿著狀態講;但have on不用進行時態,而wear則常要用進行時態。put on是動作,但dress既可用作狀態,又可用作穿衣動作,但用作狀態時要用其過去分詞作形容詞如:He was dressed in a blue suit.作動作講時,其后不要接衣物而要接反身代詞或表示人、物的名詞,如:I dress my children in the morning every day. 16.speak, say, talk與tell 英文中“講”有4個詞,speak, say, talk, tell,但其中speak, talk多用作不及物動詞,但speak后加語言名詞時則用作及物動詞,如:Please speak English.而say與tell是及物動詞,其中tell常用作接雙賓語,如:Tell me a story.但也有些特定的習慣用法,如:在作“講實話,講謊言”
表示時間常用單賓語而不能換其他詞,如:My watch was broken. It couldn't tell time correctly在書信、便條、海報上寫著英文應為It said…在作“辨別不同”講時是tell,如:Can you tell me the difference between the two?而“講別人好、壞話”時用speak,如:The father always speaks well of his son. 17.與名詞易混的動詞有: advise(v.), advice (n.);
bathe(v.), bath(n.);
breathe(v.), breath(n.);
choose(v.), choice(n.);
succeed(v.), success(n.)。 18.意義相近的動詞:ring 搖鈴,打鈴,電話鈴響; strike 專指敲鐘,打幾點,撞擊; suggest提出實驗性或推測性的建議,advice表示對經驗不足的人的一種忠告;look由視覺得出的印象,seem暗示一定根據的判定,appear外表印象而實際或結果并非如此;stay停留,逗留,remain遺物,某物被取走一部分后剩余部分;discover(發現)找到早已存在但未被人所了解的東西,invent(發明)研制出不存在的東西;remember記憶起以前的經歷或知道的事,remind提醒某人做某事。 三、動詞短語
動詞短語是指動詞和介詞、副詞或名詞的習慣搭配。有關動詞短語的測試點主要涉及結構上選用恰當的搭配詞,不同搭配含義上的辨異及不同短語的辨異。需掌握以下要點: 1.根據動詞短語的不同特點,掌握其運用規律。 (1)動詞+副詞(不及物) Harry turned up after the party when everyone had left. 晚會后,人們都已離去,哈里出現了。 (2)動詞+副詞(及物) Please turn every light in the house off. 請把房子里的每一盞燈都關掉。 注意:①如果賓語較長,就應避免把副詞同動詞分開。 She turned off all the lights which had been left on. 她關掉了所有還在亮著的燈。 ②如果賓語是人稱代詞,只能放在動詞和副詞之間。 She gave them away. 她送掉了它們。 (3)動詞+介詞(及物) I'm looking for my glasses. 我在找我的眼鏡。 注意:①當它跟賓語時,不能把介詞放在賓語后面。②動詞短語可以放在句子或從句末尾。 She's got more work than she can cope with. 她的工作多得使她應付不了。 (4)動詞+副詞+介詞 I look forward to seeing you soon. 我盼望不久就見到你。 注意: “動詞+介詞”、“動詞+名詞+副詞”、“動詞+副詞+介詞”,這3種搭配都是及物的,如變成被動語態,不可漏掉介詞。In this way both grain and vegetable can be well looked after. (不能漏掉after) 這樣一來,糧食和蔬菜都能兼顧了。 2.熟悉同一動詞和不同介詞或副詞、不同的動詞和同一介詞或同一副詞搭配在意義上的差異。 (1)同一動詞和不同介詞搭配時,意義上的差異。hear from 收到……的來信; hear of 聽說;look after 照料; look at 看; look for 尋找。 (2)同一動詞和不同副詞搭配時,意義上的差異。①ring back 回電話; ring off 掛斷電話; ring up 打電話; put away 放好; put on 穿,上演; put up 掛起,舉起。 (3)不同動詞和同一介詞搭配時,在意義上的差異。look for 尋找; call for 去取(某物),去接(某人); ask for 請求; wait for 等候; send for 派人去叫。 (4)不同動詞和同一副詞搭配時,在意義上的差異。break out 發生,爆炸; carry out 進行,開展; go out 熄滅; hand out 分發; let out 放出; look out 當心; sell out 賣完; set out 出發; take out 取出; work out 算出; break down 出毛病; come down 落下來; get down 下車; take down 取下; write down 寫下。 1. break break away 擺脫;逃跑 break down(機器)出故障;中斷;分解 break into 闖入;打斷;突然中斷 break off 中斷;折斷;突然停止 break out 突然發生;爆發 break through 突破;克服;掙脫而出 break up 打碎;中斷;分解 break in 破門而入;打斷(談話);插嘴 2. bring bring about 引起;造成 bring down
使倒下;使下降;使受挫折 bring forward 提出;提前(=put forward) bring into operation 實施;使生效 bring out 顯示出來;出版;生產 bring up 提出;教育;培養;吐出 bring back 把……送回;使想起;恢復 bring in
引進;掙得 3. call call for 需要;要求;邀請 call off 取消;停止 call on 拜訪;看望;號召
call up 打電話;使人想起;召集 call at 訪問 call in 請來;召集 call back 回電話;召回 4. come come about 發生 come across 偶遇;碰到;講清楚 come along 進展;成功;一道走
come into effect 生效 come off 發生;舉行;成功
come on 快點;走吧;有進展 come out 出來;結果是;出版 come round/around 再現;恢復知覺 come through 經歷;獲得成功
come to 蘇醒;達到;總數為 come up 發生;走上前去;(時間)快到 come up to 達到(高度、程度);符合 come up against 碰到(困難) come up with 趕上;提出 come back 回來;反駁 come true 變為現實 5. cut cut across 繞近道穿過;超越;遮住
cut back 削減;終止;急忙返回 cut down 削減;減少 cut in 插嘴;打斷;突然出來 cut off 切斷;中斷;隔絕 cut out 刪掉;戒掉 cut short 中斷;打斷;縮短 6. carry
carry on 繼續;堅持 carry out 執行;實施 carry through 幫助渡過難關;完成;實現 7. die die away 逐漸減弱;逐漸消失die down 熄滅;平靜下來 die of 因(病等內部原因)死亡 die from 因……(外部原因)死亡 die out 滅絕;絕種
be dying to do sth. 迫切想做某事 8. give give away 贈送;頒發;泄露;告發;失去 give out 分發;公開;用完; 耗盡(vi.) give off 發出;放出
give in 屈服;投降;讓步;上交;呈交 give up 放棄;自首;將……交給某人(to sb.);對某人不抱希望(on sb.) 9. go go along 進展;陪同前往 go by 時間過去;經過;遵守 go down 下降;下沉;下跌 go for 去;選擇;想要;攻擊(用語言) go in for 從事;愛好;參加(選拔賽、考試等) go into 研究;調查,從事 go on 繼續進行;發生;上場 go out 離開;熄滅;過時 go through 通過;經歷(苦難);仔細檢查 go over 瀏覽;仔細查看;檢查;審查 go up 上升;增長;漲價 go off 離開;爆炸;食品變壞;斷電;熄滅;(與副詞連用或用于疑問句)進行;發生 10. get get in 收割;收獲;收集;購買;買進;插話 get about 四處走動;傳開 get over 克服;戰勝;熬過;做完;結束;走完 get on 繼續;進行;上車 get round 傳播;散播;說服某人;回避;避開 get across 傳達;使……讓人理解 get along/on (with) 進展;相處 get down 記下;下來;下車;使悲傷 get down to (prep.) 開始認真干 get back 恢復;回來;收回 get out 泄露;逃離 get together 聚會;收集 get through 瀏覽;翻閱;經歷困難(痛苦);做完某事 11. hold hold back 阻礙;阻止;控制;抑制;隱瞞;保留;猶豫不決 hold up 舉起;抬起;拿起;支撐;耽擱;使停頓;攔劫;搶劫;舉出,提出 hold out 維持;堅持;伸出;拿出 hold off 拖延;延遲 12. keep keep away(from)
使遠離 keep back 扣除,保留;隱瞞 keep off 避開;不接近
keep on 繼續 keep out 擋在外邊;(警示語)請勿靠近
keep up 保持,不低落;持續,繼續 keep up with 跟上 13. look look after 照顧;關心
look out 看;當心;查閱;觀察 look back 回頭看;回顧
look down on/upon 輕視;看不起 look for 尋找;尋求;期望 look forward to 盼望;期待 look in 順便看望;順便拜訪 look into 調查,深入了解 look on 觀看;旁觀 look over 翻閱;瀏覽 look through 瀏覽;詳細調查 look up 查閱;查出 14. make make for 向……前進,快速走向 make out 理解,領悟;辨認出,寫出 make up for 彌補,補償
make up of 由……組成;包含有 make up 組成,占……比例;彌補,補償;捏造 15. pick pick out
挑出;分辨出;區別出 pick up 拿起;撿起;收拾;偶然獲得,學會,接收(節目);(開車)去接;(順便)捎帶 ②There is nothing to do, so I ______ in the office and wait for the manager to come back.
A. may as well to stay
B. may as well staying
C. may as well stay
D. may as well stayed ②C 句意:沒有別的辦法,因此我只好待在辦公室等經理回來。may / might as well do sth.意思是“還是做某事為好”、“不如做某事”。 ③My sister, as well as her classmates who ______ late for class, ______ criticized by Mr. Hunt.
A. were; was
B. was; were
C. was; was
D. were; were ③A 由于定語從句中的主謂一致是由先行詞決定的,所以前面一空和her classmates一致,用復數謂語動詞的形式;當as well as并列連接兩個主語時,謂語動詞的數由as well as前面那個主語決定,即:my sister,所以用單數。 2、come across 偶然碰到;走過來;出現于
◆I came across his name on the list.
我無意中在名單上發現了他的名字。 同義短語有run across/run into ◆Have you come/run across any problems with your homework? 最近家庭作業有問題嗎? — Have you ______ some new ideas? — Yeah, I will tell you later.
A. come about
B. come across
C. come up with
D. come out with C 考查與come相關的詞組的辨析。come about 發生;come across 偶然碰到;come up with 想出,提出;come out with 發表,公布;說出。 3、辨析manage to do, try to do, try doing (1)manage to do 意為“設法做成了某事”,強調其結果是成功的。 (2)try to do意為“盡力做某事”,但是不一定成功。 (3)try doing sth. 意為“試著做某事;嘗試做”。 ◆He managed to do the operation with very little help. 在沒有多少幫助的情況下,他設法把手術做成功了。 ◆He tried to pass the exam, but he failed. 他努力想通過考試,但是失敗了。 ◆Let's try knocking at the back door. 咱們敲后邊的門試試。 ◆In spite of these insults, she managed not to get angry. 盡管遭受到這些侮辱,她忍著沒發火。 4、辨析 result in,result from (1)result in 導致,造成,產生某種作用或結果 (2)result from 產生于……,由……引起,緣于 ◆Drug abuse will result in worse health.
濫用毒品會導致體質降低。 ◆Sickness often results from eating too much.
疾病往往因吃得太多而引起。 as a result = as a consequence 因而,結果;作為結果 as a result of 由于……的原因 表原因的介詞短語還有: because of, on account of, owing to, due to, thanks to ①Last night, their house was broken into. ______, they suffered heavy losses.
A. Result in
B. As a result
C. Result from
D. As a result of ①B 句意:昨晚,有人闖入他們家。結果,他們遭受巨大損失。A、C為動詞短語,作謂語;B接結果;D接原因。 ②Jenny nearly missed the flight ______ doing too much shopping.
A. as a result of
B. on top of
C. in front of
D. in need of ②A 句意:由于購物花費時間太多,珍妮差點錯過航班。考查介詞短語辨析。A.由于;B.(危險)逼近;除……之外;完全控制(局面);C.在……前面;D.需要。 If breathed in是過去分詞作條件狀語,這里相當于if the viruses are breathed in。當從句的主語和主句的主語一致,從句又有be動詞,或從句主謂結構是it is時,常省略從句的主語和be動詞。 ◆If heated, water will turn into steam. = If water is heated, it will turn into steam. 水如果受熱就會變成水蒸氣。 1、 If breathed in, they can result in illness or even death.
如果把病毒吸入了,就可能生病甚至死亡。 ◆When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there to be trained for a space flight. = When he was asked why he went there, he…flight. 當被問及他為什么去那兒時,他回答說他是被送去那兒為太空航行作訓練的。 Every evening after dinner, if not ______ from work, I will spend some time practising playing the piano.
A. being tired
B. tiring
C. tired
D. to be tired C “每天晚餐后,如果工作不是很累,我會花一些時間練習彈鋼琴。”考查非謂語動詞作狀語。從句補充完整為If I am not tired…主句和從句主語一致,省略主語和be動詞,又因該句的動作為經常發生,所以排除A、D。 (1)強調句型:It is/was (not)+ 被強調部分+ that + 其他。強調人時that可換為who。 ◆It was in New Zealand that Elizabeth first met Mr Smith.
正是在新西蘭伊麗莎白第一次見到了史密斯先生。 ◆It was not he but I that/who was to blame.
要怪的不是他,是我。 2、Although Yang did not get the best scores on every single test, it was his high scores on the psychological tests that finally won him the status of China's first astronaut. 楊雖然并沒有在每門測試中得最高分,但是是他的心理測試最高分使得他最終贏得中國第一宇航員的地位。 (2) 一般疑問句:Is/Was + it + 被強調部分+ that + 未被強調部分? ◆Was it yesterday that you saw a foreigner in the park?
你在公園見到一個外國人是在昨天嗎? (3) 特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+ is/was + it + that + 未被強調部分? ◆Who was it that was to blame?
這件事到底該怪誰? ①It was along the Mississippi River ______ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.
A. how
B. which
C. that
D. where ①C “沿著密西西比河,馬克·吐溫度過了許多童年時光。”考查強調句型。本句強調地點狀語,故選C。 ②It was not until midnight ______ they reached the camp site.
A. that
B. when
C. while
D. as ②A “直到午夜他們才到達野營地。”考查強調句型。本句對not until連接的時間狀語進行強調。 A curious 好奇的; excited 興奮的; anxious 焦急的; careful 仔細的。 People have always ______ about exactly how life on earth began.(2010·天津)
A. curious
B. excited
C. anxious
D. careful 如何寫好并列句
并列句是指在一個句子中含有兩個或兩個以上互不依從的主謂結構(即并列分句)。并列句中的幾個分句通常由并列連詞來連接,所以寫好并列句掌握連詞的意義及語法作用是關鍵。 【句型1】簡單句 + 并列連詞+ 簡單句 Faced with difficulties, they never give up but try their best to find a way out. 面臨困難,他們從不放棄,而是盡最大努力解決。 連接并列句的連詞可分為以下幾類: ① 單純連詞:and, both…and…, not only … but also…,as well as,… ② 轉折連詞:but,however, yet, still, while,… ③ 選擇連詞:or,not…but …, either …or …, neither …nor… ④ 推理連詞:so, therefore, for,… 【句型2】祈使句 + and / or (otherwise) + 簡單句 ◆Take the chance, or / otherwise you will regret it.