江蘇省南京師范大學(xué)附屬實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校2024屆高三英語語法專題復(fù)習(xí)講義4
高三英語語法專題復(fù)習(xí)講義（4）
Part 1高考高頻短語（4）
1.（09江蘇）---- I' m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have __?? .
----So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.
A. broken up?????? B. finished up?????????? C. divided up?????????? D. closed up
.（09江西）It is reported that the police will soon ____ the case of two missing children.
A. look upon????? B. look after??????????? C. look into???????????? D. look out
.（09海南）I tried phoning her office, but I couldn’t__________
A. get along??????B. get on??????????????? C. get to????????????????D. get through’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond_______
A. hearing
B strength
C. recognition
D. measure
5（10江西） Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, a (n) ______ of 40,000 per year.
A average
B number
C amount
D quantity
6.（10山東）Those who suffer from headache will find they get ______ from this medicine.
A. relief
B. safety
C. defense
D. shelter
7（10天津）James took the magazines off the little table to make
for the television.
A. room
B. area
C. field
D. position
8（10江蘇）The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good_____.
A. expectation
B. reputation
C. contribution
D. civilization
9（湖北）This restaurant has become popular for its wide
of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.
A. division
B. area
C. range
D. circle
10. After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide
for the homeless families.
A. accommodation
B. occupation
C. equipment
D. furniture.
Part 2 Grammar: Noun clause
Revision
1. One of the most important questions they had to consider was
of public health（09海南）
A. what
B. thisC. that
D. which
2. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of
he can react more appropriately on such occasions. （09上海）
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. how
. News came from the school office ________Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. （09四川）
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. where
. It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future. （09天津）
A. as
B. which
C. whether
D. that
．－Is there any possibility ______ you could pick me up at the airport? （09天津）－No problem.
When
B. that
C. whether
D. what
We?should?consider?the?students’ request _the school library provide more books on popular science.（09重慶）
A. that????B. when
C. which???
D. where
7.Many young people in the West are expected to leave __?? ?could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck. （09江蘇）
A. as???????????????? B. that???????????? C. which??????? D. what. The little girl who got lost decided to remain _________she was and wait tor her mother. （09山東）
A. where
B. what
C. how
D. who
I What he wants is a book.
It is so nice that we can learn this grammar point together.
I’m so glad that I can make friends with you.
This is why he did it.
Do you agree to the suggestion that we (should) have a trip in Tibet?
That he wants a book is certain.
I suggested just now we (should) take part in this competition.
Whether you like him or not doesn’t matter too much.
He doesn’t know whether you can sing it well.
The problem is whether you can sing it well.
The problem whether it is right or wrong has not been decided.
Please tell me who your monitor is.
2.在復(fù)合句中起名詞作用的從句叫名詞從句.名詞從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組, 它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。
賓語從句：從句在句中充當(dāng)賓語成分（ 可以作謂語動(dòng)詞、介詞的賓語）
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
I don’t know _________ broke the glass yesterday.
We should pay attention to ______ the teacher is
saying.
The teacher asked ______ I was getting on with my classmates.
A. what
B. that
C. how
D. if
We thought ______ strange that she
didn’t come yesterday.
A. that
B. it
C. this
D. what
2）主語從句：從句在句中充當(dāng)主語成分
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
That I can pay back the help people give me makes me happy.
Whether he will be able to come
is not yet known .
Why they have not left yet is unclear.
Whoever comes is welcome.
It’s uncertain whether / if he will succeed.
It was good news that every one got back early.
______ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.
A.What
B. Who
C. Whatever
D. Whoever
______I can pay back the help that people give me makes me very happy.
A.Where
B.What
C.That
D.How
It’s not clear ________ was responsible for the accident.
A.Who
B.What
C.How
D.That
3）表語從句：從句在句中充當(dāng)表語成分，一般放在連系動(dòng)詞之后
______________________________________________________________________________________
The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.
My question is whether Polly can find her way home.
The problem is how Polly is going to find us in the crowd.
Note
1.The reason _______ we didn't trust him is ______ he has often lied．
★如果主語為reason, 表語從句連詞只能用__________________.
2. 他的建議是我們應(yīng)該馬上完成工作.__________________________________________________________
★如果句子的主語是suggestion,advice.order,demand, proposal, 等名詞時(shí),后面引導(dǎo)的表語從句用should+動(dòng)詞原形,should可省略.
1.This is ______ she was born.
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. what
2.The question is ______ we can’t go there today.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. when
3.The reason he has made such great progress is _______ he has never wasted his time.
A. because
B. why
C. that
D. what
4.My advice is that he ______ school by bike.
A. go to
B. would go to
C. goes to
D. went to
5.___ she couldn’t understand was ___fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.
A.What; why
B. That; what
C. What; because
D. Why; that
4）同位語從句.在句中充當(dāng)同位語成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名詞（ idea / belief / fact / truth / problem / news/doubt 等）后面，對(duì)名詞作進(jìn)一步解釋說明
______________________________________________________________+ V謂語+…….
The fact that Polly didn’t ask for the man’s name is a pity.
The news that the plane had crashed made us sad.
I have no idea when she will be back .
We all know the truth _____ the earth goes round the sun.
A. that
B. which
C. what D. whether
We heard the news ______ our team had won.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. where
The problem ______ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.
A. which
B. that
C. whether
D. if
There’s a feeling in me_______we’ll never know what a UFO is-----not ever.
A.that
B.which
C. of which
D.what
It remains a question ______ we can get so much money in such a short time.
A.how
B. that
C. when
D. what
同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別
We expressed the hope that they had expressed.
We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.
The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.
The information that he gave at the meeting is of great value.
The first request that he made was to ask for freedom.
He made an excuse that his car broke down on the way.
定語從句是先行詞的修飾語，它不涉及先行詞的具體內(nèi)容。定語從句中that不但起連接作用，而且在定語從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)句子成分，充當(dāng)從句的賓語成分時(shí)可省略。
同位語從句對(duì)中心詞的內(nèi)容作進(jìn)一步的解釋和說明，表明中心詞的具體內(nèi)容。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that在同位語從句中不做任何成分,只起連接作用,無具體含義,且不可省略.
二．名詞性從句連接詞的用法
1. 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞：可分為三類：
連接詞：that, whether, if (不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分）連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.連接副詞：when, where, how, why
2. 名詞性從句連接詞的選用
that 和what 的選用
1)______ he wants is a book.
2)______
he wants to go there is obvious. 3).The result is ______ we won the game.
4).This is _____ we want to know. 5).Is _____ he told us true ?
6).We should pay attention to ______ the teacher is saying. 7). I have no doubt _____ he will come.
8). I have no idea _____ he did that afternoon.
that 和 what 都可引導(dǎo)所有的名詞從句。但是，what除起連接作用外，還在名詞性從句中充當(dāng)成分，可做從句的主語、賓語、或表語。而that在名詞性從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，只起連接作用。
if 和whether 的選用 I asked her __________ she had a bike. ________
we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. We’re worried about ________ he is safe. I don’t know ___________ he is well or not. I don’t know ________ or not he is well. The question is _________ he should do it. The doctor can hardly answer the question________ the old man will recover soon. I don’t know _______ to go.
1: _______ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If
B. Whether
C. That
D. Where
2: What the doctors really doubt is _______ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
A. when
B. how
C. whether
D. why
3: It worried her a bit _______ her hair was turning gray. A. while
B. that
C. if
D. for
只用whether,不能使用if 的情況： a. 引導(dǎo)主語從句,且位于句首(it 用作形式主語 時(shí)可用if引導(dǎo)) b.引導(dǎo)表語從句c.引導(dǎo)同位語從句
e. 介詞后的賓語從句f. whether to do 做動(dòng)詞賓語不能用if to do.
g. whether or not 連在一起引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)不用if. h. if引起歧義時(shí)
連接副詞：when, where, how, why.
主要根據(jù)名詞性從句中的具體意義,正確地選擇who、which、when、where、why、how 等連接詞，這些連接詞既具有疑問含義，又起連接作用，同時(shí)在從句中充當(dāng)各種成分。
________ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided. I don’t know _________ broke the glass yesterday.
I have no idea _________ he looks like. This is _________ I left my glasses.
2.名詞性從句的其他問題
1）名詞性從句的語序問題：疑問詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句要求使用陳述句語序，不能用一般疑問句語序。
例1.Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ___________. (NMET2000)
A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is
例. Can you make sure ______ the gold ring? (NMET1990)
A. where Alice had put B. where did Alice put
C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put
2 考查名詞性從句的虛擬語氣問題
It is necessary that a college student ______at least a foreign language. (上海1993)
A. masters B. should master C. mastered D. will master
(1) 在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等,謂語動(dòng)詞用虛擬語氣"(should) +do",常用的句型有:
I. It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that...
II. It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.) that...
III. It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that...如: It is strange that she (should) think so.
(2) 表示建議、請(qǐng)求、命令、要求、堅(jiān)持等及物動(dòng)詞后面的賓語從句中要用虛擬語氣,常用的這類動(dòng)詞有suggest, propose, insist, desire, demand, request, order, command等。如:
I insist that she (should) do her work alone.
