高考英語語法專項訓練：第10講_虛擬語氣

　　—Don’t you think it necessary that he ______ to Miami but to New York？

　　—I agree，but the problem is ______ he has refused to.

　　A. will not be sent；that

　　B. not be sent；that

　　C. should not be sent；what

　　D. should not send；what

　　解析： 問句的句意為：難道你不認為必須把他送到邁阿密而不是紐約嗎？句子表示理應如此的意思。正確答案為B。

　　虛擬用在名從中，should do 結構要記清； 一個堅持兩命令，

　　三個建議四要求； It

　　做主后有形，

　　奇怪重要自然行；

　　should do / do 型 （strange; important; natural) 一個堅持：insist(堅決要求)

　　兩個命令：order, command

　　三個建議：suggest, advise, propose

　　四個要求：demand, require ,ask, desire 具體說來其基本結構為： wish/if only/would rather+主語+ 1）動詞一般過去時（與現在事實相反，其中be動詞用were） 2）動詞過去完成時（表示與過去事實相反） 3）would+動詞原型（表示與將來事實相反）。例如：

　　Look at the trouble I’m in，if only I ______ your advice！

　　A. followed

　　B. would follow

　　C. had followed

　　D. should follow

　　解析： 描述的是與過去事實相反的事情。正確答案為C。

　　考點五wish/if only/would rather從句中的虛擬語氣 Wish之后有賓從，虛擬時態退一層； As if / if only/ would rather ,時態也要退一層； It’s high time that sb did sth. 此種形式要記清。 虛擬條件句（if 從句）型 條件句中表虛擬，時態后退是真理； 有be一律變成were

　　Wish之后有賓從，虛擬時態退一層； As if / if only/ would rather ,時態也要退一層； It’s high time that sb did sth. 此種形式要記清。 虛擬用在名從中，should do 結構要記清； 一個堅持兩命令，

　　三個建議四要求； It

　　做主后有形，

　　奇怪重要自然行；

　　虛擬條件不直言，

　　都在上下文中聯； 要不是沒有就缺乏，要不然否則就假設， 要點知識

　　點撥 返回目錄 虛擬語氣用于非真實條件句 條件從句 主句 例句 與現在事實相反 If I (we，you，he，she，it，they)＋動詞過去式(be的形式一律用were) I (we，you，he，she，it，they)＋would/should/could/might＋動詞原形 If he were indoors，he wouldn’t feel so cold. 條件從句 主句 例句 與過去事實相反 If I (we，you，he，she，it，they)had＋過去分詞 I (we，you，he，she，it，they)＋would/should/could/might＋have done If you had taken my advice，you wouldn’t have failed in the examination. 與將來事實相反 A式：If＋主語＋一般過去式 B式：If＋主語＋were to do C式：If＋主語＋should do I (we，you，he，she，it，they) would/should/could/might＋動詞原形 A：If he were here this evening，we would play cards.

　　B：If she were to marry Jack，she would be happy.

　　C：If she should know it，she would tell me.

　　4. 名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣

　　（1）在名詞性從句中，常用來表示命令、建議、要求、愿望等的詞后賓語從句和同位語從句中用虛擬語氣，形式為：（should）+動詞原形。常這樣用的動詞有：advise勸告，demand要求，desire渴望，command命令，insist堅持，prefer寧愿，urge主張，order命令，recommend推薦，request要求，require要求，suggest建議，以及這些詞的名詞形式。

　　注意 suggest,insist等動詞不表示建議、要求等解釋時，其賓語從句中的謂語動詞不需要用虛擬語氣形式。 （2）wish后面所跟賓語從句中的虛擬語氣。

　　對現在情況的虛擬：wish+主語+動詞過去式或were 對過去情況的虛擬：wish+主語+had+過去分詞 對將來情況的虛擬：wish+主語+would+動詞原形 返回目錄

　　5. 其他句型中的虛擬語氣 （1）would rather句型中的虛擬語氣表示愿望，意為“寧愿，但愿”。 I’d rather we didn’t go to see a film this evening. （2）It is (high/about)time(that)...句型中的虛 擬語氣在句型“It is (high/about)time...”后面也可跟虛擬語氣，從句中常用過去式。有時也用“should+動詞原形”，意為“該是……的時候了”。

　　It is time (that) we went home.我們該回家了。

　　（3）if only引導的感嘆句中的虛擬語氣 在“if only”引導的感嘆句中，要求用虛擬語氣，表示愿望。用過去時或“would/could+動詞原形”表示與現在或未來事實相反的愿望；用過去完成時表示與過去事實相反的愿望。

　　If only I had not been ill last week!

　　要是上周我沒病該多好啊！

　　1.(2011全國卷,32) They ______ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed. A. will

　　B. can

　　C. must

　　D. should 2.（2011北京卷,28） ——Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined. ——I wish they ______ always late. A. weren’t B. hadn’t been C. wouldn’t be D. wouldn’t have been D A 3.（2011北京卷,30） Maybe if I ______ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help. A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying 4.（2011天津卷,15） I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me. A. had come

　　B. was coming

　　C. would come

　　D. would have come D C 5.（2011江蘇卷,34） ——I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official. ——How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ______ it. A. will have stolen B. might have stolen

　　C. should have stolen D. must have stolen

　　B 6.（2011福建卷,34） ——Pity, you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution. ——I ______ it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview. A. attended

　　B. had attended

　　C. would attend

　　D. would have attended D 7.（2011陜西卷,22） I _____ through that bitter period without your generous help. A. couldn’t have gone

　　B. didn’t go

　　C. wouldn’t go

　　D. hadn’t gone

　　A 8.（2011江西卷28）We _____ John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury. A. will put

　　B. will have put

　　C. would put

　　D. would have put D Thank you! 高考鏈接

　　體驗 考點梳理

　　精講 要點知識

　　點撥

　　第10講

　　虛擬語氣

　　高考鏈接

　　體驗 返回目錄 1.（2010高考英語江蘇卷）George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_______ more on its culture. A. focus

　　B. focused

　　C. would

　　focus

　　D. had focused

　　【答案】B 【解析】本題考查虛擬語氣的用法。would rather后應用虛擬語氣，表示與現在時間相反，用動詞的過去式。

　　返回目錄 2.（2010高考英語上海卷）---Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday. ---Oh, you

　　have done it as yesterday was the deadline. A. must

　　B. mustn't

　　C. should

　　D. shouldn't

　　【答案】C 【解析】本題考查的是虛擬語氣。此處表示和過去事實相反的情況，應該用should + have + 過去分詞。本來應該做，而未做。

　　返回目錄 3.（2010高考英語浙江卷）Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy

　　.

　　A．would have been saved

　　B．had been saved

　　C．will be saved

　　D．was saved

　　【答案】 A 【解析】 原形是：If I had known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy

　　.故選擇A。 返回目錄 4.（2010高考英語天津卷）John went to the hospital alone.

　　If he

　　me about it, I would have gone with him. A. should tell

　　B. tells

　　C. told

　　D. had told

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】主從句都是對過去發生事實的一種意愿表達，從句采用have done的結構，故選D。 返回目錄 5.（2010高考英語陜西卷）If we ___ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.

　　A. take

　　B. had taken

　　C. took

　　D. have taken

　　【答案】B 【解析】主句的謂語動詞形式might have arrived可知題干是與過去事實相反選B。

　　返回目錄 might have arrived 6.（2010高考英語湖南卷）If he

　　my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job.

　　A. followed

　　B. should follow

　　C. had followed

　　D. would follow

　　【答案】C 返回目錄 7.（2010高考英語北京卷）--The weather has been very hot and dry. --Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables _______.

　　A. wouldn't die

　　B. didn't die

　　C. hadn't died

　　D. wouldn't have died

　　【答案】 D 【解析】表示與過去事實相反的假設，故主句用would/could/might/should+have done，即D項正確。

　　返回目錄 考點梳理

　　精講 返回目錄 1.與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣，從句用一般過去時（be動詞用were），主句動詞的形式為should/would/could+動詞原形。例如：

　　①If it were not for the fact that she ______ sing，I would invite her to the party.

　　couldn’t

　　B. shouldn’t

　　C. can’t

　　D. might not

　　解析： that從句為同位語從句，描述的是事實，用陳述語氣。正確答案為C。 返回目錄 考點一、虛擬語氣在條件句中的用法 were would invite 注意干擾信息！

　　2.

　　與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，if引導的從句動詞用過去完成時主句動詞的形式為 should /would /could/might have done。例如：

　　If the weather had been better，we could have had a picnic. But it ______ all day.

　　rained

　　B. rains

　　C. has rained

　　D. is raining

　　解析： 句子前半部分陳述的是與過去事實相反的事情，所以用了虛擬語氣。“下了一天的雨”是事實，所以用陳述語氣。因為是發生在過去的事實，所以正確答案為A。

　　注意干擾信息！ 3.與將來事實相反的虛擬語氣，從句中動詞用一般過去時/should do/were to do，主句動詞的形式為should/would/could/might+動詞原形。例如：

　　If I ______ plan to do anything I want to，I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.

　　would

　　B. could

　　C. had to

　　D. ought to

　　解析： 句子描述的是與將來事實相反的事情，所以正確答案為B。

　　返回目錄 虛擬語氣用于非真實條件句 條件從句 主句 例句 與現在事實相反 If I (we，you，he，she，it，they)＋動詞過去式(be的形式一律用were) I (we，you，he，she，it，they)＋would/should/could/might＋動詞原形 If he were indoors，he wouldn’t feel so cold. 條件從句 主句 例句 與過去事實相反 If I (we，you，he，she，it，they)had＋過去分詞 I (we，you，he，she，it，they)＋would/should/could/might＋have done If you had taken my advice，you wouldn’t have failed in the examination. 與將來事實相反 A式：If＋主語＋一般過去式 B式：If＋主語＋were to do C式：If＋主語＋should do I (we，you，he，she，it，they) would/should/could/might＋動詞原形 A：If he were here this evening，we would play cards.

　　B：If she were to marry Jack，she would be happy.

　　C：If she should know it，she would tell me. 在有些虛擬條件句中，主從句時間不一致，應根據不同情況區別對待。例如：

　　It’s hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _____in love，at the age of seven，with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.

　　A. wouldn’t have fallen

　　B. had not fallen

　　C. should fall

　　D. were to fall

　　解析： 句意為：如果不是我在七歲時愛上家鄉的Melinda Cox圖書館的話，很難想象今天的我會是什么樣子。主句描述的是與現在事實相反的事情，從句描述的是與過去事實相反的事情。正確答案為B。 返回目錄 考點二、主從句時間不一致的虛擬條件句 條件句中表虛擬，時態后退是真理； 有be一律變成were

　　虛擬條件句型 虛擬條件句和主句動作如發生的時間不一致，主句和從句的謂語要根據各自所指的不同時間選用適當的虛擬語氣形式，這種句子叫做錯綜時間條件句。

　　這樣的虛擬句不含有if從句，而是以but for/without/or/otherwise等引導的句子代替if從句，主句的謂語動詞的形式與前面虛擬語氣的基本用法相同。例如：

　　Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we ______ it without you.

　　A. can manage

　　B. could have managed

　　C. could managed

　　D. can have managed

　　解析： 對過去發生的事實的虛擬，所以要用could have done，故應選B。

　　返回目錄 考點三、含蓄虛擬條件句 without you 虛擬條件不直言，

　　都在上下文中聯； 要不是沒有就缺乏，要不然否則就假設， but for要不是,

　　without沒有,

　　in the absence of, 缺乏……時， or else否則，不然的話

　　otherwise 否則

　　suppose 假設

　　providing如果，假設

　　含蓄條件句 but for要不是,

　　without沒有,

　　1、在含有表示堅持、建議、命令、要求等含義的名詞性從句中 2、在it做形式賓語或形式主語的復合句中，賓語補足語是：necessary / strange / essential / natural / a pity / a shame等表示“驚奇、惋惜或者理應如此”等含義時，從句中的謂語動詞需用“should+動詞原形”，其中should可以省略。

　　—Don’t you think it necessary that he ______ to Miami but to New York？

　　—I agree，but the problem is ______ he has refused to.

　　A. will not be sent；that

　　B. not be sent；that

　　C. should not be sent；what

　　D. should not send；what

　　解析： 問句的句意為：難道你不認為必須把他送到邁阿密而不是紐約嗎？句子表示理應如此的意思。正確答案為B。

　　虛擬用在名從中，should do 結構要記清； 一個堅持兩命令，

　　三個建議四要求； It

　　做主后有形，

　　奇怪重要自然行；

　　should do / do 型 （strange; important; natural) 一個堅持：insist(堅決要求)

　　兩個命令：order, command

　　三個建議：suggest, advise, propose

　　四個要求：demand, require ,ask, desire 具體說來其基本結構為： wish/if only/would rather+主語+ 1）動詞一般過去時（與現在事實相反，其中be動詞用were） 2）動詞過去完成時（表示與過去事實相反） 3）would+動詞原型（表示與將來事實相反）。例如：

　　Look at the trouble I’m in，if only I ______ your advice！

　　A. followed

　　B. would follow

　　C. had followed

　　D. should follow

　　解析： 描述的是與過去事實相反的事情。正確答案為C。

　　考點五wish/if only/would rather從句中的虛擬語氣 Wish之后有賓從，虛擬時態退一層； As if / if only/ would rather ,時態也要退一層； It’s high time that sb did sth. 此種形式要記清。 虛擬條件句（if 從句）型 條件句中表虛擬，時態后退是真理； 有be一律變成were

　　Wish之后有賓從，虛擬時態退一層； As if / if only/ would rather ,時態也要退一層； It’s high time that sb did sth. 此種形式要記清。 虛擬用在名從中，should do 結構要記清； 一個堅持兩命令，

　　三個建議四要求； It

　　做主后有形，

　　奇怪重要自然行；

　　虛擬條件不直言，

　　都在上下文中聯； 要不是沒有就缺乏，要不然否則就假設， 要點知識

　　點撥 返回目錄 虛擬語氣用于非真實條件句 條件從句 主句 例句 與現在事實相反 If I (we，you，he，she，it，they)＋動詞過去式(be的形式一律用were) I (we，you，he，she，it，they)＋would/should/could/might＋動詞原形 If he were indoors，he wouldn’t feel so cold. 條件從句 主句 例句 與過去事實相反 If I (we，you，he，she，it，they)had＋過去分詞 I (we，you，he，she，it，they)＋would/should/could/might＋have done If you had taken my advice，you wouldn’t have failed in the examination. 與將來事實相反 A式：If＋主語＋一般過去式 B式：If＋主語＋were to do C式：If＋主語＋should do I (we，you，he，she，it，they) would/should/could/might＋動詞原形 A：If he were here this evening，we would play cards.

　　B：If she were to marry Jack，she would be happy.

　　C：If she should know it，she would tell me.

　　4. 名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣

　　（1）在名詞性從句中，常用來表示命令、建議、要求、愿望等的詞后賓語從句和同位語從句中用虛擬語氣，形式為：（should）+動詞原形。常這樣用的動詞有：advise勸告，demand要求，desire渴望，command命令，insist堅持，prefer寧愿，urge主張，order命令，recommend推薦，request要求，require要求，suggest建議，以及這些詞的名詞形式。

　　注意 suggest,insist等動詞不表示建議、要求等解釋時，其賓語從句中的謂語動詞不需要用虛擬語氣形式。 （2）wish后面所跟賓語從句中的虛擬語氣。

　　對現在情況的虛擬：wish+主語+動詞過去式或were 對過去情況的虛擬：wish+主語+had+過去分詞 對將來情況的虛擬：wish+主語+would+動詞原形 返回目錄

　　5. 其他句型中的虛擬語氣 （1）would rather句型中的虛擬語氣表示愿望，意為“寧愿，但愿”。 I’d rather we didn’t go to see a film this evening. （2）It is (high/about)time(that)...句型中的虛 擬語氣在句型“It is (high/about)time...”后面也可跟虛擬語氣，從句中常用過去式。有時也用“should+動詞原形”，意為“該是……的時候了”。

　　It is time (that) we went home.我們該回家了。

　　（3）if only引導的感嘆句中的虛擬語氣 在“if only”引導的感嘆句中，要求用虛擬語氣，表示愿望。用過去時或“would/could+動詞原形”表示與現在或未來事實相反的愿望；用過去完成時表示與過去事實相反的愿望。

　　If only I had not been ill last week!

　　要是上周我沒病該多好啊！

　　1.(2011全國卷,32) They ______ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed. A. will

　　B. can

　　C. must

　　D. should 2.（2011北京卷,28） ——Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined. ——I wish they ______ always late. A. weren’t B. hadn’t been C. wouldn’t be D. wouldn’t have been D A 3.（2011北京卷,30） Maybe if I ______ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help. A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying 4.（2011天津卷,15） I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me. A. had come

　　B. was coming

　　C. would come

　　D. would have come D C 5.（2011江蘇卷,34） ——I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official. ——How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ______ it. A. will have stolen B. might have stolen

　　C. should have stolen D. must have stolen

　　B 6.（2011福建卷,34） ——Pity, you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution. ——I ______ it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview. A. attended

　　B. had attended

　　C. would attend

　　D. would have attended D 7.（2011陜西卷,22） I _____ through that bitter period without your generous help. A. couldn’t have gone

　　B. didn’t go

　　C. wouldn’t go

　　D. hadn’t gone

　　A 8.（2011江西卷28）We _____ John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury. A. will put

　　B. will have put

　　C. would put

　　D. would have put D Thank you! 高考鏈接

　　體驗 考點梳理

　　精講 要點知識

　　點撥

　　第10講

　　虛擬語氣

　　高考鏈接

　　體驗 返回目錄 1.（2010高考英語江蘇卷）George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_______ more on its culture. A. focus

　　B. focused

　　C. would

　　focus

　　D. had focused

　　【答案】B 【解析】本題考查虛擬語氣的用法。would rather后應用虛擬語氣，表示與現在時間相反，用動詞的過去式。

　　返回目錄 2.（2010高考英語上海卷）---Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday. ---Oh, you

　　have done it as yesterday was the deadline. A. must

　　B. mustn't

　　C. should

　　D. shouldn't

　　【答案】C 【解析】本題考查的是虛擬語氣。此處表示和過去事實相反的情況，應該用should + have + 過去分詞。本來應該做，而未做。

　　返回目錄 3.（2010高考英語浙江卷）Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy

　　.

　　A．would have been saved

　　B．had been saved

　　C．will be saved

　　D．was saved

　　【答案】 A 【解析】 原形是：If I had known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy

　　.故選擇A。 返回目錄 4.（2010高考英語天津卷）John went to the hospital alone.

　　If he

　　me about it, I would have gone with him. A. should tell

　　B. tells

　　C. told

　　D. had told

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】主從句都是對過去發生事實的一種意愿表達，從句采用have done的結構，故選D。 返回目錄 5.（2010高考英語陜西卷）If we ___ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.

　　A. take

　　B. had taken

　　C. took

　　D. have taken

　　【答案】B 【解析】主句的謂語動詞形式might have arrived可知題干是與過去事實相反選B。

　　返回目錄 might have arrived 6.（2010高考英語湖南卷）If he

　　my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job.

　　A. followed

　　B. should follow

　　C. had followed

　　D. would follow

　　【答案】C 返回目錄 7.（2010高考英語北京卷）--The weather has been very hot and dry. --Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables _______.

　　A. wouldn't die

　　B. didn't die

　　C. hadn't died

　　D. wouldn't have died

　　【答案】 D 【解析】表示與過去事實相反的假設，故主句用would/could/might/should+have done，即D項正確。

　　返回目錄 考點梳理

　　精講 返回目錄 1.與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣，從句用一般過去時（be動詞用were），主句動詞的形式為should/would/could+動詞原形。例如：

　　①If it were not for the fact that she ______ sing，I would invite her to the party.

　　couldn’t

　　B. shouldn’t

　　C. can’t

　　D. might not

　　解析： that從句為同位語從句，描述的是事實，用陳述語氣。正確答案為C。 返回目錄 考點一、虛擬語氣在條件句中的用法 were would invite 注意干擾信息！

　　2.

　　與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，if引導的從句動詞用過去完成時主句動詞的形式為 should /would /could/might have done。例如：

　　If the weather had been better，we could have had a picnic. But it ______ all day.

　　rained

　　B. rains

　　C. has rained

　　D. is raining

　　解析： 句子前半部分陳述的是與過去事實相反的事情，所以用了虛擬語氣。“下了一天的雨”是事實，所以用陳述語氣。因為是發生在過去的事實，所以正確答案為A。

　　注意干擾信息！ 3.與將來事實相反的虛擬語氣，從句中動詞用一般過去時/should do/were to do，主句動詞的形式為should/would/could/might+動詞原形。例如：

　　If I ______ plan to do anything I want to，I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.

　　would

　　B. could

　　C. had to

　　D. ought to

　　解析： 句子描述的是與將來事實相反的事情，所以正確答案為B。

　　返回目錄 虛擬語氣用于非真實條件句 條件從句 主句 例句 與現在事實相反 If I (we，you，he，she，it，they)＋動詞過去式(be的形式一律用were) I (we，you，he，she，it，they)＋would/should/could/might＋動詞原形 If he were indoors，he wouldn’t feel so cold. 條件從句 主句 例句 與過去事實相反 If I (we，you，he，she，it，they)had＋過去分詞 I (we，you，he，she，it，they)＋would/should/could/might＋have done If you had taken my advice，you wouldn’t have failed in the examination. 與將來事實相反 A式：If＋主語＋一般過去式 B式：If＋主語＋were to do C式：If＋主語＋should do I (we，you，he，she，it，they) would/should/could/might＋動詞原形 A：If he were here this evening，we would play cards.

　　B：If she were to marry Jack，she would be happy.

　　C：If she should know it，she would tell me. 在有些虛擬條件句中，主從句時間不一致，應根據不同情況區別對待。例如：

　　It’s hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _____in love，at the age of seven，with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.

　　A. wouldn’t have fallen

　　B. had not fallen

　　C. should fall

　　D. were to fall

　　解析： 句意為：如果不是我在七歲時愛上家鄉的Melinda Cox圖書館的話，很難想象今天的我會是什么樣子。主句描述的是與現在事實相反的事情，從句描述的是與過去事實相反的事情。正確答案為B。 返回目錄 考點二、主從句時間不一致的虛擬條件句 條件句中表虛擬，時態后退是真理； 有be一律變成were

　　虛擬條件句型 虛擬條件句和主句動作如發生的時間不一致，主句和從句的謂語要根據各自所指的不同時間選用適當的虛擬語氣形式，這種句子叫做錯綜時間條件句。

　　這樣的虛擬句不含有if從句，而是以but for/without/or/otherwise等引導的句子代替if從句，主句的謂語動詞的形式與前面虛擬語氣的基本用法相同。例如：

　　Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we ______ it without you.

　　A. can manage

　　B. could have managed

　　C. could managed

　　D. can have managed

　　解析： 對過去發生的事實的虛擬，所以要用could have done，故應選B。

　　返回目錄 考點三、含蓄虛擬條件句 without you 虛擬條件不直言，

　　都在上下文中聯； 要不是沒有就缺乏，要不然否則就假設， but for要不是,

　　without沒有,

　　in the absence of, 缺乏……時， or else否則，不然的話

　　otherwise 否則

　　suppose 假設

　　providing如果，假設

　　含蓄條件句 but for要不是,

　　without沒有,

　　1、在含有表示堅持、建議、命令、要求等含義的名詞性從句中 2、在it做形式賓語或形式主語的復合句中，賓語補足語是：necessary / strange / essential / natural / a pity / a shame等表示“驚奇、惋惜或者理應如此”等含義時，從句中的謂語動詞需用“should+動詞原形”，其中should可以省略。