2024屆高考英語1輪復習牛津譯林江蘇專版課件：M3 Unit 2《Language》
The train arrived ten minutes ago. 火車10分鐘前就到了。 Mother said father didn't like smoked food. 母親說父親不喜歡熏制食品。 If I were you, I would choose to work at home. 假如我是你，我會選擇在國內工作。 二、過去進行時的動詞主要表示在過去某一時刻或某一段時間內正在進行或持續進行的動作。過去進行時動詞與always, continually, frequently 等詞連用時，表示明顯的感情色彩。進行時與when連用表達“正在做某事，突然……”的意思。短暫性動作用于進行時時，表達“慢慢地”的意思。常見時間狀語有this time yesterday/last month/last year等，表達“過去這個時候”的意思。 This time yesterday, we were having an English lesson. 昨天這個時候，我們正在上英語課。 She was setting the table when it began to shake terribly.
她擺桌子時突然感到桌子劇烈地震動起來。 In Qing Dynasty, China was always saying Yes to western powers.
清朝時，中國總是屈服于西方列強。 三、過去完成時的基本含義表示在過去某一參照時間或動作之前動作已經發生或到過去某一參照時間或動作為止動作或狀態已經持續一段時間。用過去完成時，必須有一個過去的時間或動作來作參照，說明在此之前某動作已發生或某狀態已經存在。體會 “過去的過去”或“從過去到過去”是理解過去完成時的關鍵。具體時間狀語有：by＋過去時間或before＋過去時間。 She had visited China twice before she came last year. 她去年來這里前兩次訪問過中國。 By the middle of last month, I had lived in Beijing for five years.
到上月中旬，我已在北京住了5年了。If I had attended the meeting last night, I would have seen Mr. Li, chairman of the meeting. 要是昨晚我參加了會議(事實上沒去)，我就會見到會議主席李先生了。 He had no sooner stolen the purse than he was caught red-handed.
他剛偷到錢包就被當場抓獲。 I had hoped that nothing would get worse.
我原本希望情況不會更糟(事實上更糟)。 四、過去將來時表示相對過去某時間而言將要發生的事情，多用在賓語從句中。表達形式多樣：主語＋would/should＋動詞；主語＋was/were going to ＋動詞；主語＋was/were to＋動詞；主語＋was/were about＋動詞。 They asked me if I would go to Guangzhou soon. 他們問我是否很快要去廣州。 I told her I was going to see her that afternoon. 我告訴她我那天下午要去看她。 She and I were to meet at an agreed place. 她和我將在一個約定的地方見面。 Mrs. Brown was about to begin, but Jennie spoke first. 布朗夫人剛要開始，但是珍妮先說話了。 五、過去完成進行時表示一直持續到過去某個時間的行為動作，此行為動作或剛結束、或還沒結束。這一時態經常與一般過去時一起使用，該過去時動作起參照作用。 When we arrived, the roads were dangerous, for it had been raining for a week.
我們趕到時，道路很危險。當時雨一直下了一個星期。 They were tired because they had been working since dawn.
當時他們累了，因為從天亮開始他們就一直在工作。 六、過去將來完成時表示到相對過去某一特定時間而言的未來時間為止狀態或動作已經持續一段時間或動作已經完成。該時態多用于賓語從句，常用時間狀語為by＋點時間。 The traveler said he would have been away from home for 30 years by the next year. 旅行者當時說到下一年為止他離開家里30 年了。 七、過去將來進行時指相對過去時間而言的未來時間正在發生的動作。
My son was born in 1998 and I would be working in another city far away from home the next year and I had to employ a babysitter to take care of my son and my wife as well. 我兒子1998年出生，而我第二年將在離家很遠的一個城市工作，于是我雇了個保姆照顧兒子和妻子。 八、過去將來完成進行時表示到過去的將來時間為止，動作一直持續一段時間，可能繼續下去或宣告終止。注意其中動詞必須為延續性動作。該時態更多用于間接引語。常用時間狀語為by＋點時間。 The model worker said he would have been working in the factory for 40 years by the time he retired. 那個模范工人說到他退休時他在這個工廠工作滿40年了。 1．一般過去時 (1)有具體的過去的時間只能用一般過去時。這個考點只要是考到一般過去時，基本上會考到。只不過是出題人往往會通過對話的方式來隱含這個過去的時間。 (2)used to do表示過去經常但現在已經不再維持的習慣動作。to為不定式，后接動詞原形。be/become/get used to doing sth.表示“習慣于做某事”。 (3)在時間和條件狀語從句中，代替將來時。 He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise. 如果他提了工資，就答應給我買一臺電腦。 2．過去進行時 (1)在復合句中，如果主要動作和背景動作都是延續的或同時發生的，那么主從句的動詞都可用過去進行時。 While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper. 他邊等車邊看報。 (兩個動作都是延續的) He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.
他擦車時我在做飯。(兩個動作同時進行) (2)通常不能用于過去進行時的動詞主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(擁有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。 誤：I was knowing the answer. 正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。 誤：I wasn't understanding him. 正：I didn't understand him. 我不明白他的意思。 (3)過去進行時與一般過去時的區別
①進行時表某一行為的“片斷”，一般時表示行為的“整體”和存在的狀態。
I was reading the book at that time. (未讀完，“讀”的片段)
I read the book yesterday. (已讀完，表整個“讀”)
②一般持續時間狀語多與進行時連用
It was raining all night.(優先用was raining ，rained 為持續動詞，故也可使用)
He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon.
(短暫動詞與持續時間連用，表反復，連續發生，不可用一般過去時)
③while 時間狀語從句中用短暫動詞時只能用進行時。
He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down.
④while 所在主從句動作大致持續相等時主從句一般都用進行時，但若是持續動詞可都用一般過去時，兩個動作一長一短時短的用一般時，長的用進行時。
I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.(平行)
3．過去完成時 (1)能用這種時態的動作肯定發生在“過去的過去”，句中有明顯的參照動作或時間狀語，這種時態從來不孤立使用。 They finished earlier than we had expected. 他們完成得比我們想象的要早。 (2)用在hardly/scarcely…when…； no sooner…than…的句型中，主句用過去完成時，從句用一般過去時。 I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me. 他來看我時我剛剛完成工作。 (3)表示“第幾次做某事”和“自從……多長時間”，主句用一般過去時，從句用過去完成時。 That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather. 那是她第二次看到她的外祖父。 (4)動詞hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan用于過去完成時，表示“過去未曾實現的愿望，打算和意圖”。 I had intended to see you but I was too busy. 我本想去看你，但我太忙了。 4．過去將來時 (1)一般用于主句為過去時的賓語從句中。
He said he would stay with us.
他說他要與我們待在一起。 (2)“was/were going to ＋ 動詞原形”或“was/were ＋動詞不定式的完成式”可表示未能實現的過去將來時間的動作。
Last Sunday we were going to visit the Great Wall, but it rained.
上星期天我們本想去游覽長城的，但卻下雨了。(沒有去成) (3)“be about to do” 和 “be on the point of doing”結構一般不與表示將來的時間狀語連用，但后面可以接when引導的分句。
I was about to start when it suddenly began to rain.
我正要動身天突然下雨了。 (4)come，go，leave，arrive，start等動詞可用過去進行時代替過去將來時。 He said the train was leaving at six the next morning. 他說火車將于第二天早晨6點離開。 1. — Jeff, you look so excited today. — Sure I am, I ________ a good job in a big company, you know.
A. offered
B. will offer
C. have been offered
D. was offered
C 句意：——杰夫，你今天顯得好興奮。——那確實，我在一家大公司謀得了一份好工作。此題中“得到工作在過去，高興到現在”。 2. Mary ________ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made
B. is making
C. was making
D. makes C 割傷手指是已發生的事情，應用過去時。同時，when表時間的同時性，“瑪麗在做衣服時”提供事情發生的背景，因此用過去進行時。 3. As she ________ the newspaper, Granny ________ asleep.
A. read; was falling
B. was reading; fell
C. was reading; was falling
D. read; fell B 句中的as ＝ when, while，意為“當……之時”。描述一件事發生的背景時，用過去進行時；一個長動作發生的時候，另一個短動作發生。句意 “在她看報紙時，奶奶睡著了。”句中的 fell (fall的過去時)，是系動詞，后跟形容詞，如：fall sick。 4. — He will come tomorrow.
— But I'd rather he ________ the day after tomorrow.
A. will come
B. is coming
C. came
D. had come C 此題容易誤選A或B，因為上文的 He will come tomorrow 以及下文的時間狀語 the day after tomorrow 似乎都表明空白處應填一個一般將來時態。但實際上此題的最佳答案是 C，這與 would rather 的用法有關。按照英語習慣，would rather 后接that 從句時，其謂語的時態規律是：用過去式表示現在或將來，用過去完成時表示過去。 5. Mr. Smith ________ a book about China last year but I don't know whether he has finished it.
A. has written
B. wrote
C. had written
D. was writing
D 此題應選D，這是由 but I don't know whether he has finished it 這一句話的語境決定的，全句意“史密斯先生去年在寫一本書，但我不知道他現在是否寫完了”。有的同學可能由于受 last year的影響而誤選B。但若選B，則句子前半部分的意思則為“史密斯先生去年寫了一本書”，既然是“寫了”，那么這與下文的“但我不知道他現在是否寫完了”相矛盾。 * ③He soon ________ a reputation for himself.
他很快就成名了。 ③won ④We shall ________ experience through much practice.
我們要通過大量的實踐來獲得經驗。 ④gain ⑤It was the last question on the paper that _________________________________________me.
卷子上的最后一個問題使我受到挫折。 ⑤defeated 1、be made up of 由……組成；由……構成 ◆Animal bodies are made up of cells.
動物的身體是由細胞組成的。 ◆Society is made up of people of widely differing abilities.
社會是由能力迥異的人組成的。 be made of 由……制成……(制成品能看出原材料是什么) be made from由……制成……(制成品不能看出原材料是什么) be made in 在……生產(制造)的 be made into 把……制成……(材料制成產品) ? ①The government has sent a medical team ______________________________ (由10名醫生和6名護士組成) to the village. ①made up of 10 doctors and 6 nurses ②Our association (協會) (由……組成) people from every field of life. ②is made up of 2、 take control of 掌管
◆It's no easy task to take control of a class of children.
管住一個班的小孩子可不是件容易的事。 ◆The British government at that time took control of the island.
當時的英國政府控制該島。 As Mary was in poor health, I was asked to ______ the business.
A. in control of B. under the control of C. take control of D. have a control of
C take control of 掌管。 3、辨析at one time, at a time (1)at one time 一次，同時；一度，曾經 ◆At one time they met frequently.
他們一度經常見面。 (2)at a time 每次，一次 ◆Order! One at a time, please.
守秩序！請一個一個來。 ◆Take two pills at a time.
一次服兩顆(藥)。
at times 有時，間或 at the time of…在……時候 at all times 始終，經常 at any time 在任何時候 at the same time 同時，而 at no time 在任何時候都不 in no time 立刻，馬上 for the time being 暫時 for some time 一段時間 by the time…到……的時候 from time to time 有時 in time 及時；遲早 on time 準時 Experts have been warning ______ of the health risks caused by passive smoking.
A. at a time
B. at one time
C. for some time
D. for the time being C 句意：專家們提醒注意被動吸煙給健康帶來的危害已有一段時間了。考查介詞搭配。A每次、逐一、依次；B一度，曾經；C一段時間；D暫時，眼下。 4、 consist of
由……組成，不能用于被動語態(＝be made up of)
The committee ______ nine members set out for the disaster area immediately.
A. consisted of
B. consisting of
C. made of
D. made up for B consisting of 由……組成。在句中作定語。 Today, the spread of ‘borrowed words’ is mostly due to easily accessed Internet and television programmes from across the world. 今天，世界各地大多都可以方便地上網和收看電視節目，使得外來詞廣為傳播。 (1)easily accessed 是定語，修飾后面的television and radio programmes。 ◆The easily accessed computer system is unsafe from hackers. 這個易進入的電腦系統，很不安全，會遭到黑客的攻擊。 (2)due to 由于，因為 ◆Due to his illness, Mike didn't come to school today. 由于生病，邁克今天沒來上學。 1. A 用不定式表示目的，引起人們對食品安全的關注。 1．More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced ________ people's concern over food safety.(2011·重慶)
A. to raise
B. raising
C. to have raised
D. having raised 2. A One reason…is that… 固定句型。 2. One reason for her preference for city life is ________ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.(2010·上海)
A. that
B. how
C. what
D. why 3. C hopefully 充滿希望地； normally 正常地； thankfully 謝天謝地；非常感謝地； conveniently 方便地。 3. ________， I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.(2011·安徽)
A. Hopefully
B. Normally
C. Thankfully
D. Conveniently 4. A 句意“如果你偶然發現瑕疵而又還想要這輛自行車，你可以讓店員降低價格。” care about 關心，在乎； look for 尋找； focus upon 集中(注意力)，都與題意不符，只有come across意為“偶然發現，偶遇”符合句意，故正確答案為A。 4. If you ________ faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.(2011·安徽)
A. come across
B. care about
C. look for
D. focus upon
如何寫好it句型
動詞不定式(短語)、動名詞(短語)或從句在句子中作主語、賓語時，轉換用it作形式主語、賓語可以使句子的表達更地道，增加了語言的美感。此外，it還可以用于強調句型。 掌握下面的有關it的一些常用句型有助于寫作水平的提高。 【句型1】It ＋ be(其他動詞) ＋ adj. / n. ＋ 不定式(v.-ing分詞，從句) It is difficult for us to work out the problem.
對我們來說，解出這道題是很難的。
例：To write the article will take him a long time. It will take a long time to write the article. 【句型2】It takes sb. some time to do sth. 【句型3】It is said (suggested / reported… etc.) ＋ that從句 It is suggested that we should put off the meeting.
(有人) 建議會議延期召開。
【句型4】It seems ＋ that-從句 / as if-從句 【句型5】主語 ＋ 謂語 ＋ it ＋ 賓補 ＋ 不定式/ v．-ing分詞/ 從句 I found it important to learn spoken English. 我發現學習英語口語非常重要。 【句型6】It ＋ be ＋ 被強調部分 ＋ that-從句
翻譯下列句子 1. 我很榮幸在這里談談全球水資源短缺的問題。
________________________________________________________________________ 1. It's my great honor to be here to say something about the global water shortage.
2. 是我們該為它做點什么事情的時候了。
________________________________________________________________________ 2. It's high time that we did something about it.
3. 對我來說，學好英語最重要。
________________________________________________________________________ 3. It's very important for me to learn English well. 4. 在中國，中學生得每天晚上花4小時完成作業。 ________________________________________________________________________ 4. In China, it takes 4 hours for middle schools' students to finish their homework. 5. 會議將在大廳里舉行。 ________________________________________________________________________ 5. It is in the hall that the meeting will be held. 動詞的時態(Ⅱ) 一、一般過去時通常表示過去一段時間的習慣性動作或狀態或過去某一具體時間發生的動作或所處的狀態。但過去時有時并不實際表示過去的動作或狀態。受主句過去時態影響，從句用過去時態；表示虛擬語氣時用過去時態。與一般過去時連用的時間狀語(舉例時)有 yesterday, (two days…) ago, last (year…)，the other day(前幾天)，once upon a time(很久以前)，just now(剛才)，in the old days(在過去的日子里)，before liberation(解放前……)，When I was 8 years old(當我8歲時……)，at (7 o'clock…)等。 Unit 2
