2024屆高考英語考前沖刺：基礎知識回歸人教版新課標必修一
2024屆高考英語考前沖刺精選基礎知識回歸人教版新課標必修一
Unit 1
Friendship
單元要點預覽（旨在讓同學整體了解本單元要點）
詞匯
部分 詞語
辨析 1. ignore / neglect / overlook
2. cheat / fool
3. calm / quiet / silent / still
4. join / join in / take part in / attend
詞形
變化 1. ignore vt. 忽視 ignorance n. 無知 ignorant adj.無知的
2. dusk n. 黃昏; 傍晚 dusky adj.昏暗的; 黑暗的
3. add v. ?添加; 增加 addition ?n. ?加, 附加 additional adj. ?添加的;附加的
重點
單詞 1. upset adj. 心煩意亂的，不安的；不適的 vt. (upset, upset)
2. concern v. 擔憂; 涉及; 關系到
n. 擔心，關注；（利害）關系
3. settle vt. 安家； 定居；停留vt. 使定居，安家；解決
4. suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；經歷
5. disagree vt. 不同意
重點
詞組 add up合計
go through 經歷；經受
on purpose 故意
get along with 與某人相處；(工作的) 進展
in order to 為了……
重點句子 1. Mother asked her if / whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.
2. I don’t set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do …
3. … it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face.
重點語法 直接引語和間接引語 （見語法部分）
語言要點(模塊)
.詞語辨析
(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. ignore / neglect / overlook
【解釋】
ignore
通常指有意不顧，或不理會顯而易見的事物。
neglect
側重指有意的忽略或忽視，也可指粗心與疏忽。
overlook
指因匆忙而疏忽或視而不見。
【練習】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當形式填空
We could not afford to _________ such a serious offence.
2). He utterly ________ my warnings and met with an accident.
3). Don’t ________ paying him a visit now and then.
答案:
1). overlooked
2). ignored
3). neglect
2. cheat / fool
【解釋】
cheat
主要指盈利的買賣中或游戲競賽中欺騙人，騙取人的錢等。
fool
“愚弄”，指利用人缺乏常識，心理脆弱來欺騙人。
【練習】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當形式填空
1). You may get _________ in that shop.
2). He can’t __________ her. She sees through him every time.
答案: 1). cheated 2). fool
3. calm / quiet / silent / still
【解釋】
calm
天氣、水、水面（表風平浪靜）；（指人時）表示鎮定自如。
quiet
表“寧靜”、“安靜”、“寂靜”，側重沒有響聲，沒有噪音和沒有動靜。指人時側重性格溫和，文靜。
silent
表“沉默”、“不發言”、“不說話”，常常表示人不愛說話，沉默無語。
still
“不動的”，指人時側重一動不動，；指物時指完全沒有聲音，突出靜止不動。
【練習】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當形式填空
1). Please stand __________ while I take your photo.
2). Why do you keep __________?
3). Everything was ___________.
4). He remained ___________ in the face of the enemy.
答案: 1). still
2). silent
3). quiet
4). calm
4. join / join in / take part in / attend
【解釋】
join
表示參加組織、黨派、團體、軍隊、俱樂部等
join in
表示參加游戲、活動等；join sb. (in sth.) 表（和某人一起）做某事
take part in表示參與、參加討論、游行、比賽、戰斗、斗爭、運動、慶祝等
attend
主要指出席、參加會議、婚禮；聽講座、課、報告、音樂會等；上學、教堂
【練習】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當形式填空
1). Can I ___________ the game?
2). Did you ____________ the fighting?
3). He __________ the army last year.
4). A lot of people __________ her wedding.
答案: 1). join in 2). take part in
3). joined
4）attended
Ⅱ.詞性變化 （旨在提供語法填空所需材料）
1. ignore vt. 忽視 ignorance n. 無知 ignorant adj.無知的
2. dusk n. 黃昏; 傍晚 dusky. adj.昏暗的; 黑暗的
3. add v. ?添加; 增加 addition ?n. ?加, 附加 additional adj. ?添加的;附加的
【練習】用括號內所提供詞的適當形式填空
1)
I can't __________ his rudeness any longer. (ignore)
2)
To say you were ________ of the rules is no excuse. ( ignore)
3） We are in complete ___________ of your plans. (ignore)
4） There is ____________ light inside the cave. (dusk)
5） The street lights come on at ____________ and go off at dawn. (dusk )
6） Many words have been ____________ to this edition of the dictionary. (add)
7)
They've just had an ____________ to the family. (add)
8)
There are _____________ charges. (add)
答案:
1) ignore 2)ignorant
3) ignorance
4) dusky
5) dusk
6) added
7) addition
8) additional
Ⅲ.重點詞匯 （旨在提供綜合運用所需材料）
1. upset adj. 心煩意亂的，不安的；不適的 vt. (upset, upset)
[典例]
1). Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit. 她一來把我們周末的安排給打亂了。
2). Don't upset yourself -- no harm has been done. 不要難過--并沒有造成傷害。
3). He was horribly upset over her illness. 他為她的病而憂心忡忡。
4). The students really upset her. 學生們著實讓她煩惱。
[重點用法]
be upset by… 被…… 打亂
upset oneself about sth 為某事煩惱
[練習] 用upset的適當形式填空
1). Is it ______ you, dear?
2). She felt rather ______ on hearing the news.
3). Is it an ______ message?
4). Don’t be ______. It will be OK.
答案: 1). upsetting
2). upset
3). upsetting
4).upset
2. concern v. 擔憂; 涉及; 關系到
n. 擔心，關注；（利害）關系
[典例]
1). The news concerns your brother. 這消息與你兄弟有關。
2). The boy's poor health concerned his parents. 那男孩健康狀況不佳,使他的父母親憂慮。
3). That's no concern of mine. 那不關我的事。
[重點用法]
as / so far as … be concerned
關于；至于；就……而言
be concerned about
關心
be concerned at / over sth. 為某事憂慮
be concerned in sth.
牽涉到，與……有關，參與
[練習] 用concern的適當形式填空
1). There is an article that _______ the rise of the prices.
2). The children are rather _____ about their mother’s health.
3). Officials should ______ themselves _______ public affairs.
答案: 1). concerns
2). concerned
3). concern … with
3. settle vt. 安家；定居；停留
vt. 使定居，安家；解決
[典例]
1). He settled his child in a corner of the compartment. 他把孩子安頓在車廂的一個角落里。
2). The family has settled in Canada. 這家人已定居加拿大。
3). Both wanted to settle their scores. 雙方都愿意捐棄前嫌。
[重點用法]
settle down 鎮定下來
settle in 在…定居
[練習] 中譯英
1). 都十一點了，她安不下心來工作。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2). 題目這么難，誰能解決？
__________________________________________________________________________________________
答案: 1). It’s eleven o’clock now, but she cannot settle to work.
2). Since it is so difficult, who can settle this problem?
4. suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；經歷
[典例]
1). Do you suffer from headaches? 你常頭痛嗎?
2). She's suffering from loss of memory. 她患有遺忘癥。
[重點用法]
suffer from/with/for sth 感到疼痛﹑ 不適﹑ 悲傷等; 受苦; 吃苦頭:
[練習] 中譯英
1).我們在金融危機中損失慘重。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2).他的腳痛得不得了。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:
1). We suffered huge losses in the financial crisis.
2). He suffers terribly with his feet.
5. disagree vt. 不同意
[典例]
1). Even friends sometimes disagree with each other. 即便是朋友也有時意見不一。
2). We disagreed on future plans. 我們對未來的計劃產生了分歧。
[重點用法]
disagree with sb/what sb says/sb's decision 不同意某人的觀點[某人的話/某人的決定]
[練習] 中譯英
1). 羅馬的報道與米蘭的不符。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2). 他不同意讓我早些回家。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Key: 1). The reports from Rome disagree with those from Milan.
2). He disagreed to let me go home early.
Ⅳ.重點詞組
（旨在提供綜合運用所需材料）
1. add up 加起來
[典例]
1). Add up your scores and see how many points you can get.
把你的得分加起來，看看你能得幾分。
2). Tom, what do ten, twenty and five add up to?
湯姆，10，20和5加起來是多少？
[短語歸納]
add (…) to …. （把什么）加入…中
add up to … 加起來是
[練習] 用add的適當形式或構成的詞組填空
1). Will you _____ some more students to this project?
2). Small numbers _____ a large one.
3). 50 _______ 50 equals 100.
答案: 1). add
2). add up to
3). added
2. go through 經歷；經受
[典例]
1). The country has gone through too many wars. 這個國家經歷了太多的戰爭。
2). She's been through a bad patch recently. 她最近經歷了一段困難時期。
[短語歸納]
go after追求，追趕
go ahead前進；請說（做）吧
go by走過，（時間）過去 go along with向前，（與……）一起去
go in for愛好，從事
go out外出；（燈，火）熄滅
go over越過；復習
go up爬上，（價格等）上升
[練習] 用go 構成的詞組填空
1). It is wise not to ____ with this plan.
2). Prices ______ a little now. People are happy.
3). Anyway, don’t always_______ at night by yourself.
4). I am tired. I want to _____ now.
答案: 1). go on with
2). go up
3). go home
4). go to bed
3.on purpose 故意，有目的地
[典例]
The boy broke Jack’s window on purpose. He wanted to frighten Jack.
那男孩是故意打破杰克的窗玻璃的，他想嚇一下杰克。
[短語歸納]
do sth. on purpose: 故意做某事 on purpose 表示故意地、有企圖、有目的地
[練習]用 purpose的相關詞匯填空
1). He didn’t do it ______.
2). What was your ____ ?
答案: 1). on purpose 2). purpose
4. get along with 與某人相處；(工作的) 進展
[典例]
1). He is not easy-going. It’s very hard to get along with him 他不是個隨和的人，很難相處。
2). How are you getting along with your work? 工作進展如何？
[短語歸納]
get along/on well/ nicely/ badly with 與……相處得好/不好，……進展順利/不順利
get away離開，逃離
get down下來；寫下，取下
get down to (doing)開始認真干……
get over克服，擺脫
get through通過，做完
get together聚集
[練習] 中譯英
1). 你現在和同事相處得好不好?
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2). 她已重新獲得從前那份工作。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
答案: 1). Are you getting along well with your colleagues?
2). She's got her old job back.
in order to… 為了……（可置于句首或句中）
[典例]
1). She arrived early in order to get a good seat. 她到得很早, 圖的是得個好座位。
2). I agreed to her suggestion in order not to upset her. 我同意她的建議是為了不讓她傷心。
[短語歸納]
in order that… 以便……（后跟句子） so that…以便……（后跟句子）
so as to為了……（只能置于句中，不能置于句首）
