2024屆高考英語一輪復習課件：第二部分語法專項突破第8講定語從句

由雕龍文庫 分享時間：2024-03-30 21:29:41 收藏本文

　　2．(2024·高考安徽卷)Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2024，________ made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true. A．it

　　B．that C．what

　　D．which D

　　六、特殊定語從句分隔式定語從句插入式定語從句省略式定語從句介詞＋關系副詞先行詞與關系詞分隔關系代詞與定語從句之間有插入語介詞＋關系代詞＋不定式 from where/since when也可引導定語從句 ①The days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a living. 體力是你賴以生存的唯一手段的日子一去不復返了。 ②(2024·重慶一中高三模擬)To own a computer in families，which we thought was impossible twenty years ago，now becomes true.家里有臺電腦，在20年前我們認為這是不可能的事，現(xiàn)在實現(xiàn)了。 ③We stood at the top of the hill，from where we can see the town.我們站在山頂上能看到全鎮(zhèn)的景色。 ④The poor man has no house in which to live. ＝The poor man has no house(that/which) he can live in.這個可憐的人沒有房子住。 溫馨提示　在英語中，有許多從句，如主語從句、同位語從句以及強調(diào)句型與定語從句有許多相似之處。因此，命題人會利用這些相似性，設置一個特定語境，來考查考生對這些易混點的辨析能力。遇到這樣的問題，我們的思路就是，抓住它們各自的特征，結合語境去判斷到底屬于何種句型或從句。 ①I have three cars，none of which is in good condition.(定語從句) ②I have three cars，but none of them is in good condition.(并列句) ③The suggestion that he came up with is practical.(定語從句, that在從句中充當賓語可省略) ④He gave me a suggestion that we should read aloud every morning.(同位語從句，that在從句中不作成分，但不可省略) (2024·高考重慶卷)We’ll reach the sales targets in a month ________we set at the beginning of the year. A．which

　　B．where C．when

　　D．what A

　　欄目導引語法精講考點整合語法專練知能闖關第二部分　第八講欄目導引語法精講考點整合語法專練知能闖關第二部分　第八講欄目導引語法精講考點整合語法專練知能闖關第二部分　第八講欄目導引語法精講考點整合語法專練知能闖關第二部分　第八講欄目導引語法精講考點整合語法專練知能闖關第二部分　第八講第八講　定語從句一、關系代詞引導的定語從句關系代詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分例句 who 人主語、賓語 (2024·高考新課標全國卷Ⅰ)And then，how many adults，who now complain (抱怨) about the long drives to work，eagerly

　　drove for hours at a time when they first obtained their driver’s licenses(執(zhí)照)？然而，有多少最初拿到駕照的時候是很渴望開車幾個小時的成年人也抱怨開車上班時間長。關系代詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分例句 whom that 人賓語 (2024·高考山東卷)Four days later Ann was still looking after the dog，whom they had started to call Riley.

　　四天后，安還在照看他們開始叫它Riley的狗。人或物主語、賓語、表語(不引導非限制性定語從句) ①A plane is a machine that can fly. ②I don’t know the man (that) you mentioned. 關系代詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分例句 which whose 物主語、賓語 (2024·高考湖南卷)Over the years, I’ve learned to iron shirts skillfully, which gives me a sense of

　　pride.

　　幾年來,我已經(jīng)學會了自己嫻熟的熨衣服的技巧,這使我應該感到驕傲。人或物定語 ①Do you know the boy whose father (the father of whom/of whom the father) is an engineer？ ②He lives in a house whose windows(the windows of which/of which the windows) face south. (2024·高考江西卷)Among the many dangers ________ sailors have to face，probably the greatest of all is fog. A．whichB．what C．where

　　D．when

　　二、只用that，which情況情況用法說明例句只用that的情況 (1)先行詞為all，everything，anything， nothing，little，much等不定代詞時； (2)先行詞被all，any，every，each，much，little，no，some，few等修飾時； (3)先行詞由形容詞最高級和序數(shù)詞修飾時； (4)先行詞既指人又指物時； (5)先行詞被the only，the very修飾時。 ①He told me everything that he knows.

　　②All the books that you offered have been given out. ③This is the best film that I have ever seen. ④We talked about the persons and things that we remembered. ⑤He is the only man that I want to see. 情況用法說明例句只用which情況 (1)在非限制性定語從句中，只用which； (2)由“介詞＋關系代詞”引導的定語從句中，只能用which。 My cousin Tina serves as a translator, which is quite popular in some foreign business firms. B 2．(2024·高考陜西卷)Please send us all the information ________ you have about the candidate for the position. A．that

　　B．which C．a(chǎn)s

　　D．what A

　　三、關系副詞引導的定語從句關系副詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分例句 when(＝at/on/in/during which) where＝(at/in which) 時間時間狀語 We live in an age when more information is available with greater ease than ever before. 地點地點狀語 (2024·高考新課標全國卷Ⅱ)When I arrived，Bryan took me to see the house where I would be staying. 關系副詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分例句 why＝(for which) 溫馨提示原因原因狀語 I don’t know the reason why(＝for which)he was late. (1)the way作先行詞，當它在從句中充當方式狀語時，其后的關系詞可以是in which，that或省略； (2)當它在從句中充當主語、賓語等成分時,其后的關系詞就用that或which。 The way(that/in which) he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.(狀語) 比較：The way (that/which)he explained to us was quite simple.(賓語) 關系副詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分例句溫馨提示當先行詞是situation，stage，process,activity, case，condition等，且關系詞在從句中作狀語時,要用關系副詞where,作主語、賓語用which或that。 (2024·蕪湖一中模擬)A house bubble is an economic situation which occurs when house prices rise much too fast.

　　(2024·高考浙江卷)The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform where visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built. 關系副詞指代范圍在從句中所作成分例句 溫馨提示先行詞為occasions，當“時機”講時，用關系副詞when；當“場合”講時，用關系副詞where。 Occasions are quite rare when I have the time to spend a day with my kids. C 2．(2024·高考福建卷)Students should involve themselves in community activities ________they can gain experience for growth. A．who

　　B．when C．which

　　D．where 解析：考查定語從句。句意：學生們應該積極參與社團活動，在這些活動中他們可以獲得成長的經(jīng)驗。分析句子結構可知，本句的先行詞是community activities，將其移到后面的定語從句中為：they can gain experience for growth (in) community activities，由此可知關系詞代替先行詞在后面的定語從句中作地點狀語，故用where引導。 D 四、“介詞＋關系代詞”引導的定語從句介詞＋關系代詞名(代)詞＋介詞＋which/whom Please pass me the book，the cover of which is blue. 數(shù)詞/形容詞最高級＋of＋which/whom He has ten cousins，the youngest of whom is clever. 介詞(短語)＋which/whom (2024·高考天津卷)Our class is made up of 52 students,,all of whom are friendly and hard working. 我們班有52名學生,他們都很友好,學習很努力。介詞＋關系代詞介詞＋which/whose＋名詞 ①(2024·高考江西卷)A safari park is a park in which wild animals are kept.南非動物園是養(yǎng)動物的地方。 ②I wish to thank Professor Smith,without whose help I would never have got this far. 溫馨提示 (1)“復合介詞短語＋關系代詞which”引導的定語從句，這種結構引導的定語從句常與先行詞用逗號分開，定語從句常用倒裝語序。 I can see a mountain in the distance，on the top of which stands an old temple dating from the Ming Dynasty. (2)不常見的“介詞＋關系副詞”結構，如from where，since when等，意思上相當于from there，since then。 ①I came here in 1949，since when I have been engaged in this work. 我1949年到這里，從那時起我就從事這項工作。 ②China is the birth place of kites，from where kite flying spread to Japan，Korea，Thailand and India.中國是風箏的故鄉(xiāng)，從這里放風箏傳到了日本、朝鮮、泰國和印度。 (2024·高考天津卷)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures，________ uses it differently. A．a(chǎn)ll of which

　　B．each of which C．a(chǎn)ll of them

　　D．each of them B 解析：考查定語從句及主謂一致。句意：英語是一種被好幾種不同文化共享的語言，每種文化都用不同的方式使用它。首先根據(jù)空格后的uses使用的是一般現(xiàn)在時的第三人稱單數(shù) 形式知，空格處需用單數(shù)名詞或代詞，可從B、D兩項中選擇(A項和C項中的all暗示空格后用use)；再根據(jù)uses是謂語動詞知空格處是主語，只有B項each of which能作主語，由此本句構成了定語從句。若選D項each of them，空格前后兩部分需用轉折連詞but連接，即構成but each of them uses，或用獨立主格結構each of them using it differently。五、as引導的定語從句定語從句區(qū)別例句 as引導限制性定語從句 (1)“the same...that” that修飾的名詞與原物是同一個； (2)“the same...as...”as修飾的是與先行詞同類型的一個東西 This is the same bag that I lost yesterday.(同一個書包) This is the same bag as I lost yesterday.(同類型的另一個) “such/so...as...”和“such/so...that...”結構不同，as引導定語從句，而that引導狀語從句。 They talked in such simple English as children could understand.(定語從句) They talked in such simple English that children could understand it.(狀語從句) 定語從句區(qū)別例句 as 引導非限制性定語從句 (1)as引導非限制性定語從句，通常先行詞為整個句子，意為“正如……，正像……”。as引導的從句既可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后，有時還要插入主句中。as常用于下列習慣用語中： as we had expected 正如我們所預料的那樣 ①The air quality in the city, as is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months. 正如報告所顯示的，在過去的兩個月里，這個城市的空氣質(zhì)量已有所改善。定語從句區(qū)別例句 as 引導非限制性定語從句 as often happens 正如經(jīng)常發(fā)生的那樣 as has been said before正如以前所說的那樣 as is mentioned above正如上面提到的 as is often the case 情況往往是這樣 (2)which引導非限制性定語從句修飾前面整個句子時,常譯為“這一點,這件事”等.which從句只能位于被修飾句子的后面。 ②They won the game, as we had expected. 正如我們所預料的一樣,他們贏得了比賽。 ③The weather turned out to be very good，which was more than we could expect. 天氣結果很好，這超出了我的想象。 1．(2024·高考山東卷)There is no simple answer，________ is often the case in science. A．a(chǎn)s

　　B．that

　　C．when

　　D．where

　　2．(2024·高考安徽卷)Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2024，________ made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true. A．it

　　B．that C．what

　　D．which D

　　B．where C．when

　　D．what A

　　pride.

　　D．when

　　B．which C．a(chǎn)s

　　D．what A