2024屆湖南長(zhǎng)沙市高考英語(yǔ)二輪閱讀理解訓(xùn)練（80）（含答案）

　　湖南長(zhǎng)沙市2024高考英語(yǔ)（二輪）閱讀理解訓(xùn)練（80）及答案

　　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　Many people find themselves caught up in others’ problems, and then confused about how and when to help. In fact, all relationships need limits no matter whether they are friendships, sibling relations, mates/ lovers or business relations. On some level, all limit setting means saying no. However, it is usually a qualified “no” that says what, where, when, and under what conditions you will give or not give to another person. There are three points we should keep in mind about limit setting:

　　1.Decide where to set the limits. Think about the entire situation. Consider your time, emotions, and means. Then consider whether you are helping the other person. Aim to do something to help the other person without taking on the whole problem.

　　2.Express the limits clearly. For example, you say to your friend, “ I will lend you $20,000 no more than once every three months. And I expect you will pay me back within three months and certainly before you can borrow more.” You say to another friend, “you can stay here for three weeks but you must help me with expenses and cooking and make sure that you will find your own place before the three weeks is up”.

　　3.Stick to your limits. You are not responsible for making the other person obey the limits. You are only responsible for following the limits yourself. Your friend has repaid $12,500 of his/her $20,000 and asks for $20,000 more. You say no. He/She gets emotional and then says, “I need this money to cover a bad check. If you cared for our friendship, you would do it”.

　　Limit setting is often stressful and painful because people mistakes it for rejection. And limit setting certainly brings guilt. Bear in mind, it doesn’t mean you have given up or quit loving your friend, lovers, or sibling. It does mean you are expressing that love in a different and more helpful (to both of you) manner.

　　1. According to the passage, setting limits means___________________.

　　A. refusing always to say yes to your friend

　　B. saying no to your friend who turns to you

　　C. making different kinds of friends

　　D. breaking away from your friend

　　2.Once you decide to set limits, you should________________________.

　　A. announce it publicly to others

　　B. tell your friend about it clearly

　　C. be responsible for your friend

　　D. begin to help your friend

　　3.We can learn from the last paragraph that limit setting______________.

　　A. is often misunderstood

　　B. is actually a kind of rejection

　　C. does harm to your friendship

　　D .contains both love and hate

　　4. What would be the best title for the passage?

　　A. About friendship

　　B. How to make friends

　　C. Set limits with friends

　　D. Show your love in a new way

　　參考答案1—4、ABAC

　　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

　　One girl named Becky rode a big brown horse in the race events. She always won the blue ribbons.

　　Needless to say, she didn’t feel threatened when I competed against her at the next show. She didn’t need to. I came in next to last.

　　The stinging memory of Becky’s smirks made me determined to beat her. For the whole next month I woke up early every day and rode Cowboy five miles to the arena (賽馬場(chǎng)). We practiced running and jumping for hours in the hot sun and then I would walk Cowboy home totally exhausted. All of our hard work didn’t make me feel confident by the time the show came. I sat at the gate and sweated it out while I watched Becky and her horse charge through the course and finish in first place.

　　My turn finally came. I put on my hat, rubbed Cowboy’s neck and entered the arena. At the signal, we dashed toward the first fence, jumped it without trouble and raced on to the next one. Cowboy then flew over the second, third and fourth fences like a bird and I turned him toward the finish line. As we crossed the line the crowd was shocked into silence. Cowboy and I had beaten Becky and her fancy horse by two seconds!

　　I gained much more than a blue ribbon that day. At thirteen, I realized that no matter what the odds, I’d always come out a winner if I wanted something badly enough to work for it.

　　1. The underlined expression "shown the gate" (paragraph 3) most

　　probably means ______.

　　A. told how to enter the arena

　　B. shown how to make the horse beautiful

　　C. removed from the competition early

　　D. told to enter the timed-speed events

　　2. When the final race finished, nobody cheered because

　　.

　　A. the audience didn’t like Cowboy

　　B. people envied the writer

　　C. the win was unexpected

　　D. the writer bad run out of time

　　3. Why was the writer not confident of victory?

　　A. He was an inexperienced rider.

　　B. He had not practiced enough.

　　C. He believed he was unpopular with the crowd.

　　D. He thought his horse wasn’t as good as the others.

　　4. What did the writer learn from his experience?

　　A. Life can sometimes be unfair.

　　B. Anything is possible if one tries hard enough.

　　C. A positive attitude will bring success.

　　D. One should not make judgments based on appearance.

　　參考答案1—4、CCDB

　　閱讀理解The forces that make Japan one of the world’s most earthquake-prone (有地震傾向的) countries could become part of its long-term energy solution.

　　Water from deep below the ground at Japan’s tens of thousands of hot springs could be used to produce electricity.

　　Although Japanese high-tech companies are leaders in geothermal (地?zé)岬? technology and export it，its use is limited in the nation.

　　“Japan should no doubt make use of its resources of geothermal energy，” said

　　Yoshiyasu Takefuji，a leading researcher of thermal-electric power production.

　　The disastrous earthquake and tsunami on March 11,2011 caused a reaction against atomic power，which previously made up 30 percent of Japan’s energy needs，and increased interest in alternative energies，which accounted for only 8 percent.

　　Artist Yoko Ono has called on Japan to explore its natural energy，following the example of Iceland which uses renewable energy for more than 80 percent of its needs.

　　For now，geothermal energy makes up less than 1 percent of the energy needs in Japan，which has for decades relied heavily on fossil fuels and atomic power.

　　The biggest problem to geothermal energy is the high initial cost of the exploration and constructing the factories.Another problem is that Japan’s potentially best sites are already being developed for tourism or are located within national parks where construction is forbidden.

　　“We can’t even dig 10 cm inside national parks.” said Shigeto Yamada of Fuji Electric，adding that regulations protecting nature would need to be relaxed for geothermal energy to grow.

　　Researcher Hideaki Matsui said，“Producing electricity using hot springs is a decades-long project.We also have to think about what to do for now as energy supplies will decline in the short term.”

　　The Earth Policy Institute in Washington，US，believed Japan could produce 80 000 megawatts (兆瓦) and meet more than half its electricity needs with geothermal technology.

　　Japanese giants such as Toshiba are already global leaders in geothermal technology，with a 70 percent market share.In 2010，F(xiàn)uji Electric built the world’s largest geothermal factory in New Zealand.

　　1．What would be the best title for the text?

　　A．Alternative energies in Japan

　　B．World’s largest geothermal plant

　　C．Japan takes the lead in geothermal technology

　　D．Japan thinks of geothermal energy

　　2．What percentage of Japan’s energy needs is geothermal energy?

　　A．About 8%.B．Below 1%.

　　C．Around 30%.D．Over 80%.

　　3．According to Shigeto Yamada，the growth of geothermal power in Japan needs________.

　　A．a(chǎn) change of rules B．financial support

　　C．local people’s help D．high technology

　　4．Geothermal energy is considered as a long-term program by________.

　　A．Yoshiyasu Takefuji

　　B．Hideaki Matsui

　　C．Shigeto Yamada

　　D．Yoko Ono

　　5．It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that________.

　　A．the world’s biggest geothermal plant was built by America

　　B．Japan will not export its geothermal technology

　　C．the potential of Japan’s geothermal energy is great

　　D．it is hard to find geothermal energy in Japan

　　語(yǔ)篇解讀　本文為一篇科普說(shuō)明文。讓日本經(jīng)常地震的一些自然力有可能會(huì)被轉(zhuǎn)化成日本長(zhǎng)期可持續(xù)利用的清潔能源，即：地?zé)帷１疚膶?duì)其進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)介紹。

　　1．解析：　標(biāo)題概括題。根據(jù)文章第三段的導(dǎo)入和倒數(shù)第三段最后一句“We also have to think about what to do for now as energy supplies will decline in the short term”，以及對(duì)全文的整體理解可知，本文主要講的“日本正在考慮如何使用地?zé)帷钡膯?wèn)題，所以D項(xiàng)最適合做文章的標(biāo)題。

　　答案：　D

　　2．解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第七段“For now，geothermal energy makes up less than 1 percent of the energy needs in Japan...”可知，答案B符合文意。

　　答案：　B

　　3．解析：　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第四段中的“adding that regulations protecting nature would need to be relaxed for geothermal energy to grow”可推知，答案A符合文意。

　　答案：　A

　　4．解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段“Researcher Hideaki Matsui said，Producing electricity using hot springs is a decades-long project...”可知，答案B符合文意。

　　答案：　B

　　5．解析：　推理判斷題。根據(jù)對(duì)文章最后兩段的整體理解可知，日本的地?zé)崮茉礉摿薮蟆?/p>

　　答案：　C

　　(2024·泰安復(fù)習(xí)質(zhì)量檢測(cè))

　　University of Maryland student Ben Simon and his friends couldn’t stand to see good food thrown out on their campus.“We basically noticed that some of the extra food from the dining hall was going to waste at the end of the day.And we met with the dining services and asked them whether it would be okay if instead of throwing out the food we would donate it.And they were on board，” he said.

　　So 18 months ago，the students began what they call the Food Recovery Network.Each night，volunteers would show up at a campus dining hall to pick up leftovers and deliver them to area shelters and food banks.So far，they have donated more than 23 000 kilos of food that would otherwise have been thrown out.

　　Nationwide，$165 billion worth of food is wasted each year，according to the National Resources Defense Council.Spokesman Bob Keefe says that is about 40% of the country’s entire food production.“If we can reduce our waste in this country by 15%，we can feed 25 million hungry Americans.That is a huge benefit.That is what programs like this Food Recovery Network are doing，” he said.

　　Christian Life Center is one of the beneficiaries (受益者) of the students’ efforts.Ben Slye，the senior pastor (牧師)，said，“It has been just amazing to see these students take their own time，their own vehicles and own gas money and be able to make an effort like this.Each week we are able with this food probably to feed over hundred people.”

　　The University of Maryland’s Food Recovery Network now has 200 volunteers and the program has expanded to 18 schools across the country.“I want to grow 18 chapters to a thousand chapters within five years.And once we get to the Food Recovery Nation being at every college campus in America，we want to expand to restaurants and farms.” said Simon.

　　The volunteers are committed to making that happen.

　　1．The dining services in University of Maryland________.

　　A．threw out good food on the campus

　　B．supported the volunteers’ job

　　C．enjoyed the talk with the students

　　D．donated their leftovers to the poor

　　．Volunteers from the Food Recovery Network________.

　　A．started the Food Recovery Network two years ago

　　B．delivered leftovers as well as money to shelters

　　C．helped to solve the hunger issues in America

　　D．donated leftovers to avoid food waste

　　．Ben Slye’s attitude toward the volunteers’ effort was that of________.

　　A．unconcern B．doubt

　　C．a(chǎn)ppreciationD．opposition

　　．We can learn from the text that________.

　　A．over 40% of the country’s entire food is wasted each year

　　B．a(chǎn)ltogether 25 million Americans suffer from hunger nowadays

　　C．Simon aims to expand the program to restaurants and farms

　　D．every college has started the Food Recovery Network

　　5．What can be the best title for the text?

　　A．College Students Rescue Leftover Food

　　B．Battles Against the Problem of Hunger

　　C．How to Pick up Leftovers on College Campuses

　　D．Waste Problems in University of Maryland

　　語(yǔ)篇解讀　本文是一篇資訊報(bào)道。每天都有人在浪費(fèi)糧食，如果把這些糧食收集起來(lái)，供給那些需要的人，那將會(huì)幫助很多饑餓的人們。美國(guó)一所大學(xué)的學(xué)生們正在做這樣的事情。他們建立了“食物回收網(wǎng)絡(luò)”，收集學(xué)校餐廳里的殘羹剩飯，將其送到有需要的地方。

　　．解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句中的“And they were on board”可知，學(xué)校的餐飲服務(wù)部參與其中。此處on board為短語(yǔ)“take sth.on board”的簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)，意為“采納，接納(主意、建議)”。

　　答案：　B

　　．解析：　推理判斷題。根據(jù)對(duì)文章第二段的整體理解可知，志愿者們到學(xué)校餐廳去收集剩菜，然后把它們運(yùn)到收容所等，以避免浪費(fèi)。

　　答案：　D

　　．解析：　觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章第四段第二句“Ben Slye，the senior pastor (牧師)，said，‘It has been just amazing to see these students take their own time，their own vehicles and own gas money and be able to make an effort like this.’”可知，Ben Slye對(duì)志愿者們的努力是持“支持，贊許，欣賞”的態(tài)度。

　　答案：　C

　　．解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句中的“And once we get to the Food Recovery Nation being at every college campus in America，we want to expand to restaurants and farms”可知，答案C符合文意。

　　答案：　C

　　．解析：　標(biāo)題概括題。根據(jù)文章第一段的開(kāi)篇點(diǎn)題和對(duì)文章的整體理解可知，本文主要介紹了美國(guó)大學(xué)生建立組織，收集學(xué)校餐廳里的剩飯，身體力行把它們運(yùn)到收容所的事。由此可知，答案A最適合做文章的標(biāo)題。

　　答案：　A