2024屆高考英語二輪專題熱點集訓：專題12 情景交際

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　　專題十二

　　情景交際

　　【命題趨勢探秘】

　　命題規律考查內容

　　情景交際

　　考查熱度 ☆☆

　　考查題型語法填空，單項填空

　　所占分值 1—2分

　　命題

　　趨勢

　　交際用語的種類繁多，高考對這一部分的考查主要集中在詢問類，道謝、道歉類，購物類，陳述看法類，同時還會涉及英語國家交往的一些常識，以及文化背景知識，甚至諺語。比如，社會交往類話題包含很多內容，其中包括文化背景知識，因此做題時要認真領會說話人的意圖，然后作出合乎邏輯的答案。

　　從近年高考英語對交際用語的考查看，主要考查：

　　1.社會交往類話題：對感謝用語的回答；對電話用語的把握；對問候用語的把握；成功/對表揚用語的回答；對祝福用語的回答

　　2.情感態度類話題：對道歉用語的回答；對建議用語的回答；對請求用語的回答；對驚奇用語的回答；態度和情感的表達。

　　【高頻考點聚焦】

　　《英語課程標準》中羅列的“功能意念項目表”中一共羅列了11項功能項目，68條情景交際的場合，詳細內容如下：

　　1.社會交往：

　　(1)問候；(2)介紹；(3)告別；(4)感謝；(5)道歉；(6)邀請；(7)請求允許；(8)祝愿和祝賀；(9)提供幫助；(10)接受和拒絕；(11)約會；(12)打電話；(13)就餐；(14)就醫；(15)購物；(16)問路；(17)談論天氣；(18)語言交際困難；(19)提醒注意；(20)警告和禁止；(21)勸告；(22)建議；

　　2.態度：

　　(23)同意和不同意；(24)喜歡和不喜歡；(25)肯定和不肯定；(26)可能和不可能；(27)能夠和不能夠；(28)偏愛和優先選擇；(29)意愿和打算；(30)希望和愿望；(31)表揚和鼓勵；(32)責備和抱怨；(33)冷淡；(34)判斷與評價；

　　3.情感：

　　(35)高興；(36)驚奇；(37)憂慮；(38)安慰；(39)滿意；(40)遺憾；(41)同情；(42)恐懼；(43)憤怒；

　　4.時間：(44)時刻；(45)時段；(46)頻度； (47)時序；

　　5.空間：(48)位置；(49)方向；(50)距離；

　　6.存在：(51)存在與不存在；

　　7.特征：(52)形狀；(53)顏色；(54)材料；(55)價格；(56)規格；(57)年齡；

　　8.計量：(58)長度；(59)寬度；(60)高度；(61)數量；

　　9.比較：(62)同級比較；(63)差別比較；(64)相似和差別；

　　10.邏輯關系：(65)原因和結果；(66)目的；

　　11.職業：(67)工作；(68)單位。

　　◇考點

　　情景交際

　　【基礎知識梳理】

　　常見交際場合

　　情景用語即英語的日常交際用語。它的主要特點是體現語言的簡潔，實用，體現西方人文，社會，文化，歷史，政治，宗教信仰，價值取向等方面的和諧與共鳴。

　　1.詢問

　　1)見面問候：Good morning/afternoon/evening.

　　Hello/Hi.

　　2)代向某人問候：Best wishes/regards to...=give one's regards to sb = give one's best wishes to sb = give one's best love to sb = give one's best regards to sb.

　　3)替某人向……問好: say“Hi”/“Hello”to sb from sb = give one's regards to sb.

　　Please remember me to....

　　回答用語:—I will. Thanks.

　　4)初次見面通常用語

　　—How do you do?

　　比較熟悉的人之間用語

　　—How are you?

　　—Fine, thank you, and you?/Very well, thank you.

　　—How are you getting along with...? (你近來……可好?)

　　—Everything is fine!

　　—How are you doing?

　　(您工作還順利吧?)

　　—I'm just great!

　　—How is everything?

　　(一切還好吧?)

　　—Very(quite)well， thank you!

　　2.道謝、道歉

　　1)Thank you (very much)./ Thanks (a lot)./ Many thanks. /Thanks for.... It's very kind of you to….

　　2)⑵Not at all.

　　/ That's all right. / You're welcome.

　　/That's OK．

　　/ It's a pleasure/

　　(It's) My pleasure.

　　Don't mention it.

　　I'm glad you like it.

　　It's really nothing at all.

　　3) (I'm)Sorry./ I'm sorry for/about…/ I'm sorry to do sth. / I'm sorry to have done sth…

　　4) Excuse/ Pardon me ( for… )

　　5)Please forgive me for... (請原諒……)

　　6)sb. be afraid that…

　　7)What a pity/shame! / It's a pity that…

　　8)It is not important.

　　That's OK.

　　That's all right.

　　It's quite all right.

　　Never mind.

　　It doesn't matter (at all).

　　Not at all.

　　It's nothing. /That's nothing. (沒關系)

　　Please don't worry.

　　It's nothing to worry about.

　　Not to worry.

　　Don't mention it.

　　It doesn't really matter.

　　Please think nothing of it.

　　Let's forget it. / No harm done.

　　9)That's not your fault.

　　It's not your fault.

　　It was me to blame.

　　(這是我的錯)

　　It was all my fault to have done...

　　(這都是我的錯…)

　　That's okay. Don't let it bother you.

　　(沒事，別想的太多了)

　　We really didn't mean that at all.

　　(我們真的沒有那樣的意思)

　　3.購物

　　What would you like... 一般用于服務員詢問客人想吃點什么，主人詢問客人想吃點什么，或在商店購物時，售貨員詢問顧客想要買什么。

　　What would you like to do? 表示詢問對方想要做什么。

　　4.陳述看法

　　1)Expressing anxiety

　　(焦慮)

　　(1)What's wrong? / What's the matter ( with you )? / Is there anything the matter?

　　(2)Oh, what shall I / we do?

　　(3) Oh, what shall I/we do?

　　We were all anxious about...

　　2)Expressing surprise

　　(驚奇)

　　(1)Really? / / Is that so? (是真的嗎?)

　　Oh dear?/ My God!

　　(哦, 我的天！)

　　(2)Good heavens! My Goodness! / Goodness! / Thank Goodness! (“慶幸”自己沒遭遇不幸)

　　(3)I can hardly believe my ears.

　　3)Agree or disagree

　　(1)Agreement: Certainly/Sure/Of course.

　　No problem. Yes, please. Yes, I think so. That’s true.

　　All right/OK. Good! / Excellent! / That's fine! What a good idea!

　　That’s a good idea....

　　It’s a good idea that....

　　I/We agree (with you).

　　That's the right thing to do!

　　(2)Disagreement: No, I don’t think so.

　　I’m afraid not.

　　I’m afraid I (really) can’t agree with you.

　　It's not very nice.

　　I don't think that is a good idea.

　　Do you think that is a good idea?

　　Personally, I feel that it's unwise./What a terrible idea./What a terrible thing to do!

　　No way! Exactly (說得對，正是)

　　【核心考點講練】

　　1．電話常用語

　　1)打電話人自我介紹：首先問候(Hello)，然后便自報姓名，再告知想與誰通話。Hello! (it’s) Mike (here).

　　/ Hello! This is Mike (speaking).

　　2)打電話人要某人接電話：需要證實對方的身份時，不能說Are you...?或Who are you?

　　May/ Can/ Could I speak to Kate, please? /Is that Kate?

　　/Is Kate in/ at home? /Who's that?

　　3)本人接電話： Hello, 8244011. /Good morning. This is Kate (speaking). /Yes, speaking.

　　a接電話時，第一句招呼語可以是Hello, 也可以視情況說Good morning!緊接著再報自己的電話號碼或姓名,也可報單位名稱。不打招呼，直接介紹自己，再問對方是誰也可以。

　　b問對方是誰時可以這樣說：Who's calling?/Who is that speaking? /Is that Mike speaking/calling?

　　4)接電話人叫某人接電話時：先對打電話的人說: Hold on please. / Just a minute please.

　　然后叫人接電話: You are wanted on the phone./

　　There's a call for you./For you.

　　基本用語

　　(1)Can/ Could/ Would you ring up/ call/ call up…?

　　(2)The line's busy. I can't get through. I'll try again later.

　　(3)Can I take a message (for you)?

　　Will/ Would you give a message to…, please?

　　(4)Can you ask … to ring me back, please?

　　I'll ask … to call you back.

　　(5)He/She isn't here right now.

　　2.談論天氣

　　1)基本用語

　　a.What’s the weather like today?

　　How’s the weather in.../ today?

　　—It’s rather warm/cold/hot...today, isn’t it?

　　—Yes, it is./ Yes, isn’t it? (注意答語)

　　b.It’s fine/cloudy/windy/rainy....

　　It’s getting cold/warm.... It’s a beautiful day today.

　　2)交際示范

　　1)—It's a fine day for a walk.

　　—Yes, the air is nice and clean.

　　2)—Oh dear! It's very cold today.

　　—Yes, you need to wear warmer clothes.

　　3)—What's the weather like today?

　　—It's fine.

　　4)—What's the weather like in your country now? —It's very hot.

　　5)— Lovely weather, isn't it?

　　— Yes, isn't it?

　　6)— I missed the weather report this morning. Did you hear it?

　　— Yes. It said partly cloudy today, with a strong wind from The northwest.

　　3.健康和看病

　　1)基本禮節：西方人聽到自己的親人、朋友或熟人等談到有關身體健康的問題時，如：“I think I have a bad cold.” 如果聽話人與說話人是朋友或同事，通常回答: “I'm sorry to hear that.”或“You'd better see a doctor.”

　　但如果是說給醫生，醫生則不能用上述答話，而需用“Take it easy.”來回答。

　　2)基本用語

　　醫生用語：

　　(1) What can I do for you? / What was the matter? / What's the trouble?

　　(2)Does it hurt here? / It's nothing serious. / Let me examine you. / Take this medicine three times a day. / And I advise you not to do …

　　(3)Drink plenty of water and have a good rest. / You'd better have a good rest.

　　(4)Show me your tongue. / Stick out your tongue. / Did you cough much? / Fortunately, you only have the flu (流感) . / You'll have to be hospitalized (住院) .

　　(5)How long have you been like this? / Well, let's see. Open your mouth and say “ah”.

　　Keep warm and don't catch cold. / You'll be well soon.

　　病人用語：

　　(1)I've got a pain (cough, headache, toothache). / I don't feel well. / There's something wrong with…. / This place hurts. / I feel a great pain here. / I feel dizzy (頭暈). / I don't feel like eating anything. / I have a sore throat (喉嚨痛) and my chest hurts. / It started bothering me yesterday afternoon. / I feel hot and feverish. / I'm aching all over. / I've been losing sleep. / My whole body feels weak. / I've lost my voice. / My ears are ringing, and my cheeks burning. / I feel a pain in my left leg.

　　(2)I took some medicine last night, but they didn't help. / Doctor, please give me an examination. / I've had my temperature taken. I indeed have a fever.

　　【典例1】（2024·山東）—This apple pie is too sweet, don’t you think so?

　　—_____. I think it’s just right, actually.

　　A. Not really

　　B. I hope so

　　C. Sounds good

　　D .No wonder

　　解析：句意：——這份蘋果派太甜了。你不這樣認為嗎？——_____ 實際上我認為正合適啊。” Not really“不是真的；并非如此。”；I hope so“我希望如此。”；Sound good“聽起來很好。”；No wonder“難怪；不足為奇。”。根據問句中和答語中的關鍵詞too sweet（太甜）與just right（正合適）形成鮮明的對比以及答語中的actually（實際上）可知，答語者是不同意問句者的觀點的，因此選A。

　　答案：A

　　【典例2】（2024·江蘇）—________ ! Somebody has left the lab door open.

　　—Don’t look at me.

　　A. Dear me

　　B. Hi, there

　　C. Thank goodness D. Come on

　　解析：句意：——_______！有人沒關實驗室的門。——別看著我。dear me“天哪”，表示驚訝；Hi, there用于打招呼；Thank goodness 謝天謝地；come on加油；快點；得了吧。既然實驗室門沒關，自然是令人驚訝的，故選擇A。

　　答案：A

　　【技巧點撥】

　　交際用語中的中西文化差異

　　1．問候

　　1)在日常交談中，英國人彼此見面常常喜歡以“Good morning/afternoon/evening. Hello/Hi.”打招呼；并且喜歡以談論天氣(Nice day, isn’t it?) 作為交談的開始；美國人見面常常問身體等；而中國人卻常問“吃過飯了嗎?”