浙江省2024屆高考英語二輪專題總復習課件：第14講 情景交際

　　第 14 講

　　情景交際 1. 感謝與應答 感謝：Thank you very much. / Thanks a lot. / Many thanks.

　　應答： That's all right. / Thanks for helping me. / You're welcome. / That's OK. / Not at all.

　　It's my pleasure. / Don't mention it. / It's nothing. / Think nothing of it. / Forget it.

　　一、日常交際應答語

　　2. 道歉與應答 道歉： I'm sorry. / I'm sorry to trouble you. / I'm sorry to have kept you waiting.

　　應答： It doesn't matter. / It's not important. / That's/It's nothing. / Not at all. /Never mind.

　　That's all right. / Forget it. / That's OK. / No problem. / Not to worry.

　　一、日常交際應答語 3. 勸告、建議與應答 勸告和建議： I think you ought to…我想你應該…… If I were you, I'd…如果我是你，我會…… It might be a good idea if you…如果你……這倒是個好主意。 Have you ever thought of…？ 你是否想過要……？ I recommend that…我建議…… I strongly advise you to…我極力主張你…… 一、日常交際應答語 You really ought to…你的確應該…… Personally, I think you'd better…依我看，你最好…… Why not do…？ 為什么不……？ Why don't you do…？ 你為什么不……？I suggest that…我建議…… What about doing…？ ……怎么樣？ How about doing…？ ……怎么樣？ 一、日常交際應答語 Shall we…？ 我們去……好嗎？ Let's…， shall we? 讓我們去……好嗎？ You need (to)…你需要…… 肯定的應答： Good idea. / That's great. / Sounds great. / It sounds great. / That's fine. /Why not? 否定的應答：I'd love to，but… / I'm afraid… / It's an idea，but… 一、日常交際應答語 4. 請求與應答 請求： May I…？ / Can I? / Could I…？ / Do you mind if I… 肯定的應答： With pleasure. / Certainly(Of course) / Sure，go ahead. / Yes，help yourself.

　　Of course not，go ahead(回答Do you mind if I…的請求).

　　否定的應答：I'm afraid not. / Better not. / I'd rather you didn't.

　　一、日常交際應答語 5. 應答對方的要求 肯定的：All right. / I will.

　　否定的：No way. / Forget it.

　　— Do remember to call me up when you arrive. —I will.

　　— I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her.

　　—No way. It was her fault.

　　一、日常交際應答語 6. 邀請與應答 邀請： Would you like to…？ / Why don't we…？ 肯定的應答： That would be fine. / That's very kind of you. /All right. /Yes，I'd love to.

　　否定的應答：I'd love to，but… / Sorry，I can't. / I'm afraid I can't.

　　一、日常交際應答語 7. 祝愿、祝賀與應答 祝愿、祝賀： Good luck! / Best wishes to you. /Have a nice/good time/journey. /Congratulations! Happy New Year! / Merry Christmas! / Happy birthday to you.

　　應答： Thank you! / The same to you. / You，too. / Happy New Year！(Merry Christmas！)

　　一、日常交際應答語 8. 鼓勵、贊揚與應答 鼓勵、贊揚： Very good. / Well done. /Wonderful. /Excellent. /Keep trying. /You can do it.

　　應答： Thank you. / OK. /I'll try it again.

　　一、日常交際應答語 9. 提供幫助與應答 主動提供幫助時：Can I help you? /What can I do for you /Would you like me to help you? Do you want me to… / Let me… 需要別人幫助時：Yes，please. / Thank you for your help/ Thanks.

　　不需要別人幫助時：No，thank you./ Thank you all the same. / That's very kind of you, but… 一、日常交際應答語 1. 表示驚奇：Really? / How come？(何以會……？) / What a surprise! /Good heavens! 2. 表示同情： I'm sorry to hear that. / What a pity! / That's really unlucky. / Bad luck.

　　3. 表示安慰： Don't worry. / Don't be afraid. / Take your time. / Take it easy.

　　Make yourself at home. / It's quite all right. / It'll be OK.

　　4. 表示鼓勵： Come on. / Cheer up. / You can do it. / You will make it.

　　二、情感態度的表達 5. 表示同意： I quite agree. / I couldn' t agree more. / Exactly. /Certainly. /Absolutely.

　　That's a good idea. / No problem. / I think so.

　　6. 表示不同意： Not really. / Not Exactly. / I don't quite agree. /I don't think so. / I'm afraid not.

　　7. 表示不在乎： So what? / Who cares? 二、情感態度的表達

　　解答情景交際題時要做到“四忌”

　　一忌上詞下用

　　上詞下用指的是答句部分沿用了題干句子的重點詞、信息詞，按表層意思似乎合情合理，但往往為錯誤的“虛像”，需經進一步分析后才能確定正確選項。如：

　　用“I don't”應答“Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow”，

　　用“Don't be sorry”回答“I'm sorry I broke your mirror”，

　　易錯易混點

　　用“Don't be sorry”回答“I'm sorry I broke your mirror”，

　　用“No thanks”回答“Thank you ever so much for the book you sent me.”

　　避免“上詞下用”的誤區，一是確認題目涉及的交際功能項目，二是確認句子上下文語境，三是確認正確的話語方式。

　　易錯易混點 【例題】

　　— I wonder if I could use your telephone.

　　— ______.

　　A. I wonder how

　　B. I don't wonder

　　C. Sorry, it's out of order

　　D. No wonder, here it is.

　　【答案及解析】 C 盡管該題中反復出現“wonder”一詞，但通過仔細審題可確定其考查的功能項目為征求對方意見，問句相當于“Could I use your telephone？”綜合語境和話題的分析，正確的答話方式一般為“Of course you can”(肯定)或“Sorry，you can't”(否定)，也只有C項(抱歉，它壞了)符合題意，A、B、D項均屬典型的“上詞下用”現象，而且D項中的“No wonder”意思為“難怪”，更是和題干內容相差甚遠。

　　易錯易混點

　　二忌中文思維

　　與上詞下用比較，這一誤區更具迷惑性，因為無論按題目內容或是按思維方式來考慮，都非常符合中國學生的習慣。顯然，掌握英漢兩種語言和文化之間的相同和相異之處，對于準確解題至關重要。考生解題失誤之一是按漢語的表達方式和結構去套英語，去選答案，這屬于語言知識的“負遷移”。

　　易錯易混點

　　【例題】 — Do you think it's going to rain over the weekend?

　　— ______.

　　A. I don't believe

　　B. I don't believe it

　　C. I believe not so

　　D. I believe not 【答案及解析】 D　以Do you think…？這樣的句子來提問，用D項來回答表示否定，顯然不符合中文的表達習慣，這也正是許多考生選了A、B、C項的原因。另一個更常見的失誤是套用中國文化模式。違背英語國家的思維方式和文化習俗，這屬于文化方面的“負遷移”。

　　易錯易混點

　　三忌直接回絕

　　這主要是指在對方要求得到幫助，提出請求或邀請時，回答過于直接，不夠委婉，盡管從語義角度分析是沒毛病的，但不符合英語國家的交際習慣。“請求”方面的問話有May I…？/Can I…？/I wonder if I could…/Do you mind if I…？等，“邀請”方面的問話有Will you…？/Would you like to…？/I'd like to invite to…等。在作否定回答時，為了表示禮貌和委婉，通常要用一些委婉詞，如but，I'm afraid, I'm sorry, thanks, please, had better等。

　　易錯易混點 【例題】 — I didn't know this was a one-way street, officer.

　　— ______

　　A. That's all right.

　　B. I don't believe you.

　　C. How dare you say that?D. Sorry, but that's no excuse.

　　【答案及解析】 D　許多考生有可能選B、C項，這是沒有注意到西方人生活、工作中交往的必要禮節，答話時過于生硬，沒有顧及他人感情，而正確答案D項正是在充分考慮到說話雙方的身份，彼此之間的關系以及說話人的立場和態度的基礎上做出的選擇。

　　易錯易混點

　　四忌答非所問

　　答非所問的錯誤比較容易察覺，如果問話與答話的內容風馬牛不相及的話，考生可以迅速排除。但有時雙方會話內容有所關聯，仔細推敲才發現其實答語并不切題。最典型的例子是With pleasure和It's a pleasure。前者一般在事前回答，表示“非常愿意”。后者一般在事后回答，表示“不用客氣”。

　　易錯易混點 【例題】 — Sorry, I couldn't come to the party. I was sick that day.

　　— ______.

　　A. I don't know that

　　B. That's all right

　　C. Yes, we'll have another party

　　D. No, the party wasn't held 【答案及解析】 B　

　　A、C和D三項均明顯地答非所問，與問句無關；只有B項能夠作出直接的答復。

　　易錯易混點

　　第 14 講

　　情景交際 1. 感謝與應答 感謝：Thank you very much. / Thanks a lot. / Many thanks.

　　應答： That's all right. / Thanks for helping me. / You're welcome. / That's OK. / Not at all.

　　It's my pleasure. / Don't mention it. / It's nothing. / Think nothing of it. / Forget it.

　　一、日常交際應答語

　　2. 道歉與應答 道歉： I'm sorry. / I'm sorry to trouble you. / I'm sorry to have kept you waiting.

　　應答： It doesn't matter. / It's not important. / That's/It's nothing. / Not at all. /Never mind.

　　That's all right. / Forget it. / That's OK. / No problem. / Not to worry.

　　一、日常交際應答語 3. 勸告、建議與應答 勸告和建議： I think you ought to…我想你應該…… If I were you, I'd…如果我是你，我會…… It might be a good idea if you…如果你……這倒是個好主意。 Have you ever thought of…？ 你是否想過要……？ I recommend that…我建議…… I strongly advise you to…我極力主張你…… 一、日常交際應答語 You really ought to…你的確應該…… Personally, I think you'd better…依我看，你最好…… Why not do…？ 為什么不……？ Why don't you do…？ 你為什么不……？I suggest that…我建議…… What about doing…？ ……怎么樣？ How about doing…？ ……怎么樣？ 一、日常交際應答語 Shall we…？ 我們去……好嗎？ Let's…， shall we? 讓我們去……好嗎？ You need (to)…你需要…… 肯定的應答： Good idea. / That's great. / Sounds great. / It sounds great. / That's fine. /Why not? 否定的應答：I'd love to，but… / I'm afraid… / It's an idea，but… 一、日常交際應答語 4. 請求與應答 請求： May I…？ / Can I? / Could I…？ / Do you mind if I… 肯定的應答： With pleasure. / Certainly(Of course) / Sure，go ahead. / Yes，help yourself.

　　Of course not，go ahead(回答Do you mind if I…的請求).

　　否定的應答：I'm afraid not. / Better not. / I'd rather you didn't.

　　一、日常交際應答語 5. 應答對方的要求 肯定的：All right. / I will.

　　否定的：No way. / Forget it.

　　— Do remember to call me up when you arrive. —I will.

　　— I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her.

　　—No way. It was her fault.

　　一、日常交際應答語 6. 邀請與應答 邀請： Would you like to…？ / Why don't we…？ 肯定的應答： That would be fine. / That's very kind of you. /All right. /Yes，I'd love to.

　　否定的應答：I'd love to，but… / Sorry，I can't. / I'm afraid I can't.

　　一、日常交際應答語 7. 祝愿、祝賀與應答 祝愿、祝賀： Good luck! / Best wishes to you. /Have a nice/good time/journey. /Congratulations! Happy New Year! / Merry Christmas! / Happy birthday to you.

　　應答： Thank you! / The same to you. / You，too. / Happy New Year！(Merry Christmas！)

　　一、日常交際應答語 8. 鼓勵、贊揚與應答 鼓勵、贊揚： Very good. / Well done. /Wonderful. /Excellent. /Keep trying. /You can do it.

　　應答： Thank you. / OK. /I'll try it again.

　　一、日常交際應答語 9. 提供幫助與應答 主動提供幫助時：Can I help you? /What can I do for you /Would you like me to help you? Do you want me to… / Let me… 需要別人幫助時：Yes，please. / Thank you for your help/ Thanks.

　　不需要別人幫助時：No，thank you./ Thank you all the same. / That's very kind of you, but… 一、日常交際應答語 1. 表示驚奇：Really? / How come？(何以會……？) / What a surprise! /Good heavens! 2. 表示同情： I'm sorry to hear that. / What a pity! / That's really unlucky. / Bad luck.

　　3. 表示安慰： Don't worry. / Don't be afraid. / Take your time. / Take it easy.

　　Make yourself at home. / It's quite all right. / It'll be OK.

　　4. 表示鼓勵： Come on. / Cheer up. / You can do it. / You will make it.

　　二、情感態度的表達 5. 表示同意： I quite agree. / I couldn' t agree more. / Exactly. /Certainly. /Absolutely.

　　That's a good idea. / No problem. / I think so.

　　6. 表示不同意： Not really. / Not Exactly. / I don't quite agree. /I don't think so. / I'm afraid not.

　　7. 表示不在乎： So what? / Who cares? 二、情感態度的表達

　　解答情景交際題時要做到“四忌”

　　一忌上詞下用

　　上詞下用指的是答句部分沿用了題干句子的重點詞、信息詞，按表層意思似乎合情合理，但往往為錯誤的“虛像”，需經進一步分析后才能確定正確選項。如：

　　用“I don't”應答“Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow”，

　　用“Don't be sorry”回答“I'm sorry I broke your mirror”，

　　易錯易混點

　　用“Don't be sorry”回答“I'm sorry I broke your mirror”，

　　用“No thanks”回答“Thank you ever so much for the book you sent me.”

　　避免“上詞下用”的誤區，一是確認題目涉及的交際功能項目，二是確認句子上下文語境，三是確認正確的話語方式。

　　易錯易混點 【例題】

　　— I wonder if I could use your telephone.

　　— ______.

　　A. I wonder how

　　B. I don't wonder

　　C. Sorry, it's out of order

　　D. No wonder, here it is.

　　【答案及解析】 C 盡管該題中反復出現“wonder”一詞，但通過仔細審題可確定其考查的功能項目為征求對方意見，問句相當于“Could I use your telephone？”綜合語境和話題的分析，正確的答話方式一般為“Of course you can”(肯定)或“Sorry，you can't”(否定)，也只有C項(抱歉，它壞了)符合題意，A、B、D項均屬典型的“上詞下用”現象，而且D項中的“No wonder”意思為“難怪”，更是和題干內容相差甚遠。

　　易錯易混點

　　二忌中文思維

　　與上詞下用比較，這一誤區更具迷惑性，因為無論按題目內容或是按思維方式來考慮，都非常符合中國學生的習慣。顯然，掌握英漢兩種語言和文化之間的相同和相異之處，對于準確解題至關重要。考生解題失誤之一是按漢語的表達方式和結構去套英語，去選答案，這屬于語言知識的“負遷移”。

　　易錯易混點

　　【例題】 — Do you think it's going to rain over the weekend?

　　— ______.

　　A. I don't believe

　　B. I don't believe it

　　C. I believe not so

　　D. I believe not 【答案及解析】 D　以Do you think…？這樣的句子來提問，用D項來回答表示否定，顯然不符合中文的表達習慣，這也正是許多考生選了A、B、C項的原因。另一個更常見的失誤是套用中國文化模式。違背英語國家的思維方式和文化習俗，這屬于文化方面的“負遷移”。

　　易錯易混點

　　三忌直接回絕

　　這主要是指在對方要求得到幫助，提出請求或邀請時，回答過于直接，不夠委婉，盡管從語義角度分析是沒毛病的，但不符合英語國家的交際習慣。“請求”方面的問話有May I…？/Can I…？/I wonder if I could…/Do you mind if I…？等，“邀請”方面的問話有Will you…？/Would you like to…？/I'd like to invite to…等。在作否定回答時，為了表示禮貌和委婉，通常要用一些委婉詞，如but，I'm afraid, I'm sorry, thanks, please, had better等。

　　易錯易混點 【例題】 — I didn't know this was a one-way street, officer.

　　— ______

　　A. That's all right.

　　B. I don't believe you.

　　C. How dare you say that?D. Sorry, but that's no excuse.

　　【答案及解析】 D　許多考生有可能選B、C項，這是沒有注意到西方人生活、工作中交往的必要禮節，答話時過于生硬，沒有顧及他人感情，而正確答案D項正是在充分考慮到說話雙方的身份，彼此之間的關系以及說話人的立場和態度的基礎上做出的選擇。

　　易錯易混點

　　四忌答非所問

　　答非所問的錯誤比較容易察覺，如果問話與答話的內容風馬牛不相及的話，考生可以迅速排除。但有時雙方會話內容有所關聯，仔細推敲才發現其實答語并不切題。最典型的例子是With pleasure和It's a pleasure。前者一般在事前回答，表示“非常愿意”。后者一般在事后回答，表示“不用客氣”。

　　易錯易混點 【例題】 — Sorry, I couldn't come to the party. I was sick that day.

　　— ______.

　　A. I don't know that

　　B. That's all right

　　C. Yes, we'll have another party

　　D. No, the party wasn't held 【答案及解析】 B　

　　A、C和D三項均明顯地答非所問，與問句無關；只有B項能夠作出直接的答復。

　　易錯易混點