2024年高考第二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語(全國版)專題整合突破八非謂語動詞

雕龍文庫 分享 時間: 收藏本文

2024年高考第二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語(全國版)專題整合突破八非謂語動詞

  2024年高考第二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語全國版專題整合突破

  八、非謂語動詞

  真題試做

  1.(2024·課標(biāo)全國高考)The party will be held in the garden,weather ______.

  A.permitting  B.to permit

  C.permitted 

  D.permit

  2.(2024·課標(biāo)全國高考)Film has a much shorter history,especially when ______ such art forms as music and painting.

  A.having compared to

  B.comparing to

  C.compare to

  D.compared to

  3.(2024·北京高考)One learns a language by making mistakes and ______ them.

  A.corrects

  B.correct

  C.to correct

  D.correcting

  4.(2024·北京高考)______ with care,one tin will last for six weeks.

  A.Use

  B.Using

  C.Used

  D.To use

  5.(2024·江西高考)Having finished her project,she was invited by the school ______ to the new students.

  A.speaking

  B.having spoken

  C.to speak

  D.to have spoken

  考向分析

  1.考查對謂語動詞與非謂語動詞的識別,要求明確句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義,掌握非謂語動詞的基本用法。

  2.考查不定式和動名詞作賓語的區(qū)別,要求掌握一些常見動詞后面所接賓語的形式。

  3.考查非謂語動詞作定語、狀語、補語時的區(qū)別,尤其是不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞短語、過去分詞短語所表示的不同時間、邏輯關(guān)系和意義。現(xiàn)在分詞和不定式作結(jié)果狀語時的區(qū)別應(yīng)引起足夠重視。

  4.考查非謂語動詞的否定式、完成式、被動式及復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),要求掌握其構(gòu)成形式、所表示的時間以及邏輯關(guān)系。

  熱點例析

  考點一:謂語與非謂語形式的識別

  試題以復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu)和冗長的句式呈現(xiàn),考查考生是否能瞻前顧后地分清句子成分、理解句子結(jié)構(gòu)、明白句子意義,正確判斷、識別動詞在句中是否充當(dāng)謂語。

  【典例分析】(2024·浙江高考)I think Tom,as the head of a big department,should either study regularly or ______ his job.

  A.quitsB.to quit

  C.quitting

  D.quit

  答案為D項。該句使用了either ... or ...并列結(jié)構(gòu),either后面是動詞原形study,or后面也應(yīng)該是動詞原形quit,故選擇D項構(gòu)成并列謂語。

  考點二:非謂語形式作主語

  非謂語形式作主語時,形式主語it常用來代替不定式短語作主語。如:

  It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.

  但在It is no use/good doing sth.和It is a waste of time doing sth.句型中,it代替動名詞短語作主語。如:

  It's no use arguing with them.

  【典例分析】(2024·浙江高考)No matter how bright a talker you are,there are times when it's better ______ silent.

  A.remain

  B.be remaining

  C.having remained

  D.to remain

  答案為D項。when在此處引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾times,在when引導(dǎo)的從句中,it是形式主語,真正的主語是動詞不定式to remain silent,表示“有時保持沉默更好”。

  考點三:非謂語形式作賓語

  1.部分動詞(短語)后面只能接不定式作賓語。

  常見的有:agree/ask/decide/demand/expect/fail/hope/learn/manage/offer/plan/promise/pretend/refuse/wish/would like(love)

  He agreed to lend me his bike.

  He refused to say sorry to me.

  2.部分動詞(短語)后面只能接動名詞作賓語。

  常見的有:avoid/appreciate/consider/delay/enjoy/escape/excuse/finish/imagine/mind/miss/practise/suggest/keep(on)/feel like/devote oneself to/give up/be(get)used to/be worth/insist on/look forward to/prefer...to...等。

  He admitted taking my money.

  Do you try to avoid making her annoyed?

  3.部分動詞(短語)后接不定式和動名詞時,含義不同,應(yīng)注意區(qū)分。

  (1)remember

  如:

  I'll remember to post your letter.我會記住把你的信寄上的。

  I don't remember saying this to him before.我不記得以前對他說過這件事。

  (2)forget

  如:

  I forgot to tell him to come.我忘記叫他來了。

  I'll never forget seeing him for the first time.我永遠(yuǎn)忘不了和他初次見面的情景。

  (3)regret

  如:

  I regret to say that I can't accept your kind offer.很抱歉,我不能接受你那善意的提議。

  I regret saying what was in my mind.我后悔說了心里話。

  (4)try

  如:

  You must try to improve your teaching method.你一定要試圖改進(jìn)你的教學(xué)方法。

  If no one answers,try knocking at the back door.如果沒人答應(yīng),試著敲敲后門。

  (5)mean

  如:

  I meant to send you a postcard,but I didn't have your address with me.我本想寄一張明信片給你,但是我身邊沒有你的地址。

  Starting too early means wasting your time.出發(fā)太早就是浪費時間。

  (6)stop

  如:

  Let's stop to buy something to eat here.咱們在這里停停買些吃的吧。

  Let's stop working and have a rest.咱們停下手里的活,歇一會兒。

  (7)go on

  如:

  After reading the text,he went on to write the new words.讀完課文之后,他接著寫生詞。

  He went on telling us the story after a short rest.稍微休息之后他接著給我們講故事。

  (8)want/need/require

  如:

  I want to join the army.我想?yún)④姟?/p>

  The road needs rebuilding.這條路需要重新修建。

  (9)can't help

  如:

  I can't help to carry the box because my arm hurts.我不能幫忙搬箱子,因為我胳膊疼。

  They couldn't help laughing when they saw him.他們看到他,忍不住大笑起來。

  (10)advise/allow/permit

  如:

  I advised holding a meeting to discuss the matter.我建議開一個會來討論這件事情。

  He often advises people to use their brains.他常常勸人動動腦子。

  【典例分析】(2024·安徽高考)I remembered ______ the door before I left the office,but forgot to turn off the lights.

  A.locking

  B.to lock

  C.having locked

  D.to have locked

  答案為B項。remember to do sth.意為“記著要做某事”,remember doing sth.意為“記著做過某事”。“在離開辦公室前就把門鎖上”顯然不合邏輯,所以應(yīng)選不定式作賓語。句意:我在離開辦公室以前,記著了要鎖門,但是忘了要關(guān)燈。

  考點四:非謂語形式作定語

  1.時間關(guān)系不同:不定式作定語通常表示一個未發(fā)生的動作,或表示一個已完成的動作;現(xiàn)在分詞作定語通常表示一個正在進(jìn)行的動作、經(jīng)常性的動作或狀態(tài);過去分詞作定語所表示的動作在謂語動詞動作之前已發(fā)生,或沒有一定的時間性(只表示被動)。如:

  I have a lot of work to do.

  The tall girl standing there is a basketball player.

  This is a play written by Shakespeare.

  2.邏輯關(guān)系不同:不定式所修飾的詞可能是它的邏輯主語,也可能是它的邏輯賓語;現(xiàn)在分詞作定語時,它所修飾的詞一定是它的邏輯主語;過去分詞作定語所修飾的詞一定是它的邏輯賓語。如:

  He is the first to get here.

  He is the man to depend on.

  He is the very person looking for you.

  A letter posted today will probably reach him the day after tomorrow.

  3.不定式為不及物動詞時,所修飾的名詞如果是地點、工具等,不要遺漏必要的介詞。如:

  He found a good house to live in.

  【典例分析】(2024·浙江高考)“It's such a nice place,” Mother said as she sat at the table______ for customers.

  A.to be reserved

  B.having reserved

  C.reserving

  D.reserved

  答案為D項。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處應(yīng)用非謂語形式修飾table,“桌子”是“被預(yù)訂或保留”的,所以用過去分詞短語作后置定語。

  考點五:非謂語形式作狀語

  1.不定式作狀語:

  (1)表示目的,直接用不定式或so as to/in order to。如:

  He worked day and night to get the money.

  (2)表示結(jié)果,更常見于so...as to,such...as to,enough to,too...to結(jié)構(gòu)中,only接不定式也常表示出乎意料的結(jié)果。如:

  I visited him only to find him out.

  (3)表示原因,用在作表語的某些表示情感的形容詞或過去分詞后面,說明產(chǎn)生某種情緒的原因或是在哪方面存在謂語所表示的情況等。如:

  They were very sad to hear the news.

  2.現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語:

  現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語表示的必須是主語的一個動作,即分詞的邏輯主語就是句子的主語。

  現(xiàn)在分詞可以作時間狀語、原因狀語、結(jié)果狀語、方式狀語和伴隨狀語。作原因狀語時,通常放在句首;作結(jié)果狀語時,通常放在句子后面,表示自然而然的結(jié)果。如:

  Hearing the news,they all jumped with joy.

  He fired his gun,killing the wolf.

  All night long he lay awake,thinking of the problem.

  3.過去分詞作狀語:

  過去分詞的動作與句子的主語是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。

  過去分詞可以作時間狀語、原因狀語、條件狀語、方式狀語和伴隨狀語。如:

  Seen from the hill,the city looks more beautiful.

  Given better attention,the cabbages could have grown better.

  【典例分析】(2024·遼寧高考)This machine is very easy ______.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.

  A.operating

  B.to be operating

  C.operated

  D.to operate

  答案為D項。句意:這臺機器很容易操作。任何人幾分鐘就會學(xué)會使用。該題應(yīng)選不定式作表語形容詞的狀語,說明在哪一方面存在這個形容詞表示的情況或產(chǎn)生這種情緒的原因。

  (2024·天津高考)He got up late and hurried to his office,______ the breakfast untouched.

  A.left

  B.to leave

  C.leaving

  D.having left

  答案為C項。句意:他起床晚了,匆忙趕往辦公室,早餐一動沒動。現(xiàn)在分詞短語在此處作結(jié)果狀語,表示自然而然的結(jié)果。

  (2024·四川高考)Tom took a taxi to the airport,only______his plane high up in the sky.

  A.finding

  B.to find

  C.being found

  D.to have found

  答案為B項。only后接不定式表示意想不到的結(jié)果,所以應(yīng)選B項作結(jié)果狀語。to have found表示動作發(fā)生在主句謂語took之前,時間上有誤。句意:湯姆乘出租車去了飛機場,卻發(fā)現(xiàn)飛機已經(jīng)飛在高空了。

  考點六:非謂語形式作補語

  1.a(chǎn)dvise/allow/ask/beg/expect/encourage/force/get/invite/order/permit/persuade/tell/warn/wish等動詞后面常用不定式作補語。如:

  Tell the children not to play on the street.

  The police warned us not to go out at night.

  2.see/watch/notice/observe/hear/listen to/feel等感官動詞及make/let/have等使役動詞后面用不帶to的不定式作補語,但在被動句中則使用帶to的不定式。如:

  They make the students do too much homework every day.

  The students are made to do too much homework every day.

  3.感官動詞后面可用不帶to的不定式或分詞作補語。

  從時間上看,不定式表示發(fā)生或完成;現(xiàn)在分詞強調(diào)正在進(jìn)行;過去分詞表示完成。

  從邏輯關(guān)系上看,不定式和現(xiàn)在分詞與賓語之間存在著主謂關(guān)系;過去分詞與賓語之間存在著動賓關(guān)系。如:

  I saw him cross the street.我看到他穿過了大街。

  I saw him crossing the street.我看到他正在穿過大街。

  I saw him surrounded by a group of students.我看到一群學(xué)生圍著他。

  4.介詞with和without后面可接復(fù)合賓語。不定式作補語常表示將來;現(xiàn)在分詞作補語常表示賓語與補語是主動關(guān)系或正在進(jìn)行;過去分詞作補語常表示賓語與補語是被動關(guān)系或已經(jīng)完成。如:

  I can't go out with all these dishes to wash.

  All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.

  【典例分析】(2024·四川高考)I looked up and noticed a snake______its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.

  A.to wind

  B.wind

  C.winding

  D.wound

  答案為C項。句意:我抬起頭來,注意到一條蛇為了捉到它的早餐,正盤旋著往樹上爬。在感官動詞noticed后面,賓語a snake和wind為主動關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)選現(xiàn)在分詞形式作補語,表示主動、進(jìn)行。

  考點七:非謂語動詞的否定式、進(jìn)行式、完成式和被動式

  1.非謂語動詞的否定式均是在前面加not。

  He pretended not to see me.

  I regret not following his advice.

  Not having tried his best,he failed in the exam.

  2.不定式的進(jìn)行式、完成式和被動式。

  當(dāng)謂語動詞表示的動作(情況)發(fā)生時,不定式動作正在進(jìn)行,不定式要用進(jìn)行式。

  The boy pretended to be working hard.

  當(dāng)不定式的動作在謂語動作之前發(fā)生時,不定式要用完成式。

  I happened to have seen the film.

  當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語為不定式動作的承受者時,不定式要用被動式。

  The patient asked to be operated on at once.

  3.動名詞的完成式、被動式、完成被動式和帶有邏輯主語的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。

  We remembered having seen the film.

  He came to the party without being invited.

  He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old.

  His not knowing English troubled him a lot.

  4.現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式和被動式。

  當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞的動作早于謂語動作之前發(fā)生時,現(xiàn)在分詞要用完成式。

  Having done his homework,he played basketball.

信息流廣告 競價托管 招生通 周易 易經(jīng) 代理招生 二手車 網(wǎng)絡(luò)推廣 自學(xué)教程 招生代理 旅游攻略 非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn) 河北信息網(wǎng) 石家莊人才網(wǎng) 買車咨詢 河北人才網(wǎng) 精雕圖 戲曲下載 河北生活網(wǎng) 好書推薦 工作計劃 游戲攻略 心理測試 石家莊網(wǎng)絡(luò)推廣 石家莊招聘 石家莊網(wǎng)絡(luò)營銷 培訓(xùn)網(wǎng) 好做題 游戲攻略 考研真題 代理招生 心理咨詢 游戲攻略 興趣愛好 網(wǎng)絡(luò)知識 品牌營銷 商標(biāo)交易 游戲攻略 短視頻代運營 秦皇島人才網(wǎng) PS修圖 寶寶起名 零基礎(chǔ)學(xué)習(xí)電腦 電商設(shè)計 職業(yè)培訓(xùn) 免費發(fā)布信息 服裝服飾 律師咨詢 搜救犬 Chat GPT中文版 語料庫 范文網(wǎng) 工作總結(jié) 二手車估價 情侶網(wǎng)名 愛采購代運營 情感文案 古詩詞 邯鄲人才網(wǎng) 鐵皮房 衡水人才網(wǎng) 石家莊點痣 微信運營 養(yǎng)花 名酒回收 石家莊代理記賬 女士發(fā)型 搜搜作文 石家莊人才網(wǎng) 銅雕 關(guān)鍵詞優(yōu)化 圍棋 chatGPT 讀后感 玄機派 企業(yè)服務(wù) 法律咨詢 chatGPT國內(nèi)版 chatGPT官網(wǎng) 勵志名言 兒童文學(xué) 河北代理記賬公司 教育培訓(xùn) 游戲推薦 抖音代運營 朋友圈文案 男士發(fā)型 培訓(xùn)招生 文玩 大可如意 保定人才網(wǎng) 黃金回收 承德人才網(wǎng) 石家莊人才網(wǎng) 模型機 高度酒 沐盛有禮 公司注冊 造紙術(shù) 唐山人才網(wǎng) 沐盛傳媒
主站蜘蛛池模板: 日韩人妻无码免费视频一区二区三区 | 波多野结衣作品大全| 精品视频无码一区二区三区| 调教奴性同桌h| 花季传媒下载免费安装app| 国产精品亚洲四区在线观看 | 欧美精品一区二区精品久久| 美女裸体无遮挡免费视频网站| 色噜噜狠狠色综合欧洲| 精品国产一区二区三区不卡在线| 白嫩少妇激情无码| 欧美国产日韩A在线观看| 日韩中文字幕不卡| 性按摩xxxx| 国产精品自产拍高潮在线观看 | 搞av.com| 日本边吃奶边摸边做在线视频| 欧美成人影院在线观看三级| 狠狠色噜噜狠狠狠狠69| 精品一区二区三区在线观看视频| 精品深夜av无码一区二区| 男女无遮挡动态图| 真实国产乱子伦久久| 波多野结衣33分钟办公室jian情| 欧美色欧美亚洲另类二区| 男女一边摸一边做爽爽| 狠狠色丁香婷婷久久综合蜜芽| 欧美成人中文字幕dvd| 欧美xxxx性疯狂bbbb| 日韩在线视频免费看| 巨龙肉色透明水晶丝袜校花| 女人与禽交视频免费看| 好男人好视频手机在线| 强行交换配乱婬bd| 无码日韩精品一区二区三区免费| 成年丰满熟妇午夜免费视频| 国产精品极品美女自在线| 向日葵app在线观看下载视频免费| 亚洲影视一区二区| 三上悠亚在线网站| 麻豆精品久久久久久久99蜜桃|