山東省郯城第三中學(xué)高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)：典型習(xí)題

　　1．The Olympic Games, ______ in 776 B.C,did’t include women players until 1919.

　　A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playing

　　析：根據(jù)題干，必須選表示被動(dòng)的選項(xiàng)，故排除A、D；因B選項(xiàng)表“將要被舉行”意，不合題干之用，只有C選項(xiàng)（相當(dāng)于which was first played）才合用。

　　2．European football is played in 80 countries, ______ it the most popular sport in the world.

　　A.making B.makes C.made D.to make

　　析：B、C是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，在此不可用。D項(xiàng)to make或表目的，或表“將要使得”，這都不合題干情景。只有A.making,可作狀語(yǔ)，表結(jié)果。再舉一現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)例：

　　The bus was held up by the snowstorm,causing the delay.公共汽車(chē)被大風(fēng)雪所阻，因而耽誤了。

　　3．Little Jim should love ______ to the theatre this evening.

　　A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking

　　析：根據(jù)this evening,應(yīng)選表示將來(lái)義的選項(xiàng)，C、D應(yīng)排除。Take后無(wú)賓語(yǔ)，必然要用被動(dòng)式，故答案為A。

　　4．John was made ______ the truck for a week as a punishment.

　　A.to wash B.washing C.wash D.to be washing

　　析：根據(jù)be made to do sth.句式，可定答案為A。

　　5．The patient was warned ______ oily food after the operation.

　　A.to eat not B.eating not C.not to eat D.not eating

　　析：根據(jù)warn sb.(not)to do sth.句式，可排除B、D兩項(xiàng)；又根據(jù)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定式not總是在首位的規(guī)律，又可排除A，而定C。

　　6．——I usually go there by train. ——Why not ______ by boat for a change?

　　A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going

　　析：此題可根據(jù)why not后直接跟原形動(dòng)詞規(guī)律而一舉確定正確答案為D。若將B項(xiàng)改為try to go，則要根據(jù)其與try going意義之別來(lái)確定答案。依據(jù)題干對(duì)話(huà)內(nèi)容，乙方是建議甲方嘗試乘船變變花樣，所以答案仍為D。

　　7．______ a reply,he decided to write again.

　　A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received

　　析：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定式not應(yīng)置于首位，B、D皆為錯(cuò)誤形式。A項(xiàng)不能表達(dá)先于decided的動(dòng)作，只有選C項(xiàng)才表沒(méi)收到信在先，決定再寫(xiě)信在后，所以C為正確答案。

　　8．Charles Babbage is generally considered ______ the first computer.

　　A.to invent B.inventing C.to have invented D.having mvented

　　析：consider表“考慮”意時(shí)，其后動(dòng)詞用doing形式，此處不表“考慮”，而表“認(rèn)為”，這時(shí)consider后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)多為to do,to have done,to be等形式。據(jù)此可排除B、D兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)。又因A表“要發(fā)明”意，不合題用，只有C表“發(fā)明了”意，才合題用，故選C。

　　9．Most of the artists ______ to the party were from South Africa.

　　A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.had been invited

　　析：“被邀請(qǐng)參加晚會(huì)”，應(yīng)選表被動(dòng)意的選項(xiàng)，B不可用。D項(xiàng)少引導(dǎo)詞who，也應(yīng)排除。又因短暫動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞被動(dòng)式不可作定語(yǔ)，C也應(yīng)排除，只有A.invited(＝who were invited)才是正確答案。

　　10．The murderer was brought in,with his hands ______ behind his back.

　　A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tired D.tied

　　析：B表主動(dòng)意，應(yīng)排除。C表“將要被捆綁”，A表“正在被捆綁”都不合題意，只有D項(xiàng)填入空白才能表達(dá)“雙手被反綁著”這一意思，符合題干情景。再看一類(lèi)似例句： He came in,(with)his head held high.他昂首走了進(jìn)來(lái)。

　　二、歷屆高考試題分析

　　例1、The discovery of new evidence led to _________.

　　A. the thief having caught

　　B. catch the thief

　　C. the thief being caught

　　D. the thief to be caught

　　答案為C。

　　【解析】

　　lead to這個(gè)詞組中to是介詞，后面跟名詞，于是B被排除，the thief是動(dòng)名詞邏輯上的主語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，與catch之間應(yīng)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故排除A。常見(jiàn)的帶介詞to的短語(yǔ)有：(get) be used to, look forward to，look up to, stick to, object to, be devoted to, pay attention to等。

　　例2、Though _______money, his parents managed to send him to university.

　　A. lacked

　　B. lacking of

　　C. lacking

　　D. lacked in

　　答案為C。

　　【解析】

　　lack是及物動(dòng)詞，后接賓語(yǔ)money。his parents與lack是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，要用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。譯文：雖然缺錢(qián)，他的父母親還是設(shè)法讓他上了大學(xué)。

　　例3、He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk ____ the good opportunity.

　　A. to lose

　　B. losing

　　C. to be lost

　　D. being lost

　　答案：B

　　例5、____ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.

　　A. Put

　　B. Putting

　　C. Having put

　　D. Being put

　　答案：A

　　【解析】

　　put sth. into use “讓……投入使用”。顯然，put 和句子主語(yǔ)the hotline 構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用表示被動(dòng)的過(guò)去分詞。

　　例6、It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just ____ a look at the sports stars.

　　A. had

　　B. having

　　C. to have

　　D. have

　　答案：C

　　【解析】

　　動(dòng)詞不定式充當(dāng)目的狀語(yǔ)。

　　例7、With a lot of difficult problems _______, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.

　　A. settled

　　B. settling

　　C. to settle

　　D. being settled

　　答案為C

　　【解析】動(dòng)詞不定式to settle作為difficult problems的定語(yǔ)表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)要解決的難題；過(guò)去分詞settle作定語(yǔ)表示已經(jīng)解決的難題，現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式being settled作定語(yǔ)表示正在解決的難題。

　　例8、More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, ____ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.

　　A. taking

　　B. taken

　　C. having taken D. having been taken

　　答案：A

　　【解析】

　　take advantage of （利用）和句子主語(yǔ)More and more people 構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且和句子謂語(yǔ)sign up for

　　(報(bào)名參加)同時(shí)發(fā)生，所以選擇A。

　　例9、 Sandy could do nothing but ________ to his teacher that he was wrong.

　　A. admit

　　B. admitted

　　C. admitting

　　D. to admit

　　答案為A。

　　【解析】

　　該句中的but是介詞，后接動(dòng)詞不定式。當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是do，does或did時(shí)，后接不帶to的不定式；是其他動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后接帶to的不定式。該句的謂語(yǔ)是 could do nothing，要填動(dòng)詞原形admit。譯文：山德不得不向老師承認(rèn)自己錯(cuò)了。

　　例10、 He sent me an e-mail, ________ to get further information.

　　A. hoped

　　B. hoping

　　C. to hope

　　D. hope

　　答案為B。

　　【解析】

　　現(xiàn)在分詞hoping表示與send me an e-mail同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。一些考生認(rèn)為應(yīng)該填不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子的正確形式是：He sent me an e-mail to get further information.不需要hope一詞，如果要選擇“hoped”時(shí)，句子的正確形式是：He sent me an e-mail and hoped to get further information。“hope”和“sent”作并列謂語(yǔ)。

　　練習(xí)

　　1.______ more attention,the trees could have grown better.

　　A.To give B.Having given C.Given D.Giving

　　2.The first textbooks ______ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.

　　A.to be written B.written C.being written D.having written

　　3.The missing boys were last seen ______ near the river.

　　A.to play B.play C.to be playing D.playing

　　4.______ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.

　　A.To lose B.Lost C.Having lost D.Losing

　　5.When passing me he pretended ______ me.

　　A.to see B.not having seen C.to have not seen D.not to have seen

　　6.The children insisted ______ there on foot.

　　A.they going B.they would go C.on their going D.going

　　7.He still remembers ______ to Shanghai when he was very young.

　　A.taking B.being taken C.taken D.having taken

　　8.______ the railway station,we had a break,only ______ the train had left.

　　A.Arriving at;to find B.Coming to;discovering that

　　C.On arriving at;finding out D.Hurrying to;to have found out

　　9.With the boy ______ the way,we had no trouble ______ the way ______ to Zhongshan Park.

　　A.leading;finding;leading B.to lead;found;to lead C.led;finding;led D.leading;found;led

　　10.______ these pictures,I couldn’t help thinking of those days when I was in Being and ______ from the top of a thirty-storeyed building,Beijing looks more beautiful.

　　A.Seeing;seen B.Seen;seeing C.Seeing;seeing D.Seen;seen

　　11.I can hardly imagine Peter ______ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.

　　A.to have sailed B.to sail C.sailing D.sail

　　12.If you wave your book in front of your face,you can feel the air ______ against your face.

　　A.moved B.moving C.moves D.to move

　　13.______ is known to all,China will be an ______ and powerful country in 20 or 30 years’ time.

　　A.That;advancing B.This;advanced C.As;advanced D.It;advancing

　　14.While shopping,people sometimes can’t help ______ into buying something they don’t really need.

　　A.persuade B.persuading C.being persuaded D.be persuaded

　　15.There was terrible noise ______ the sudden burst of light.

　　A.followed B.following C.to be followed D.being followed

　　16.Please excuse my ______ in without ______ .

　　A.come;permitted B.coming;permitted C.comimg;being permitted D.to come;being permitted

　　17.______ his head high,the manager walked into the room to attend the meeting ______ then.

　　A.Holding;being held B.Held;holding C.Having held;held D.Held;to be held

　　18.——Did you hear her ______ this pop song this time the other day?

　　——Yes,and I heard this song ______ in English.

　　A.sing;singing B.sung;sung C.sung;singing D.singing;sung

　　19.The question ______ now at the meeting is not the question ______ yesterday.

　　A.discussed;discussed B.discussing;had discussed C.being discussed;discussed D.discussing;discussing

　　20.With the cooking ______ ,I went on ______ some sewing.

　　A.done;to do B.being done;doing C.to be done;doing D.to have done;doing

　　21.It is no use ______ your past mistakes.

　　A. regretting B. regret C. to regret D. regretted

　　22.Her husband died in 1980 and had nothing ______ to her,only ______ her five children.

　　A.left;to leave B.leaving;leaving C.leaving;left D.left;leaving

　　23.I am very busy.I have a very difficult problem ______ .

　　A.to work B.to work out C.to be worked out D.to work it out

　　24.I would appreciate ______ back this affernoon.

　　A.you to call B.you call C.your calling D.you’re calling

　　25.Climbing mountains was ______ ,so we all felt ______ .

　　A.tiring;tired B.tired;tiring C.tiring;tiring D.tired;tired

　　26.I saw some villagers ______ on the bench at the end of the room.

　　A.seating B.seat C.seated D.seated themselves

　　27.She was glad to see her child well ______ care of.

　　A.take B.to be taken C.taken D.taking

　　28.It is one of the important problems ______ tomorrow.

　　A.to solve B.to be solved C.solved D.solving

　　29.______ maps properly,you need a special pen.

　　A.Drawn B.Drawing C.To draw D.Be drawing

　　30.There is a river ______ around our school.

　　A.to run B.run C.running D.to be running

　　31.How about the two of us ______ a walk down the garden?

　　A.to take B.take C.taking D.to be taken

　　32.I was fortunate to pick up a wallet ______ on the ground on the way back home, but unfortunately for me,I found my colour TV set. ______ when I got home.

　　A.lying;stolen B.laying;stealing C.lay;stolen D.lying;stealing

　　33. Whth the kind－h(huán)earted boy ____ me with my work,I’m sure I’ll be able to spare time ___ with your work.

　　A.to help;help you out B.helping;helping you C.helped;to help you out D.to help;to help you

　　34.Greatly movedd by her words, ______ .

　　A.tears came to his eyes B .he could hardly hold back his tears

　　C. tears could hardly be held back D. his eyes were filled with tears.

　　35.——I hope the children won’t touch the dog.

　　——I’ve warned them ______ .

　　A.not B.not to C.not touch D.not do

　　36.I would love ______ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.

　　A.to go B.to have gone C.going D.having gone

　　37.When ______ why he walked in without permission,he just stared at us and said nothing.

　　A.been asked B.asked C.asking D.to be asked

　　38.The man kept silent in the room unless ______ .

　　A.spoken to B.spoke to C.spoken D.to speak

　　39.He was often listened ______ in the next room.

　　A.sing B.sung C.to sing D.to to sing

　　40.Rather than ______ on a crowded bus,he always prefers ______ a bicycle.

　　A.ride;ride B.riding;ride C.ride;to ride D.to ride;riding

　　41.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him ______ .

　　A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to

　　42.What’s troubling them is ______ enough experienced workers.

　　A.that they have to B.they have not C.their not having D.not their having

　　43.______ his telephone number,she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.

　　A.Not knowing B.Knowing not C.Not having known D.Having not know

　　44.Bamboo is used ______ houses in some places .

　　A.to build B.to building C.to be built D.being built

　　45.Go on ______ the other exercise after you have finished this one.

　　A.to do B.doing C.with D.to be doing

　　46.The day we looked forward to ______ .

　　A.come B.coming C.has come D.have come

　　47.Whom would you rather ______ the work?

　　A.to have to do B.to have do C.have to do D.have do

　　48.Do you think it any good ______ with him again?

　　A.to talk B.talking C.to talking D.having talked

　　49.Sometimes new ideas have to be tested many times before ______ .

　　A.accepting fully B.being fully accepted C.fully accepting D.fully being accepted

　　50.The government forbids ______ such bad books.

　　A.published B.to publish C.publish D.publishing

　　1.Most of the people _____ to the party were famous scientists.