2024屆高三英語一輪單元復(fù)習(xí)訓(xùn)練：Module 4　《Great Scientist》（外研版必修4）

　　Module 4　Great Scientists

　　Ⅰ.單詞拼寫

　　1．Obesity is often thought to be the ________(主要的)cause of heart disease and high blood pressure.

　　2．If a woman is better ________(教育)，she will benefit her family in the future.

　　3．It is the dealer's duty to recommend products of good ________(質(zhì)量)．

　　4．It's better for the government to attach more importance to the ________(最初的)inventions of all kinds.

　　5．In China the largest part of the population are employed in ________(農(nóng)業(yè))．

　　6．After ________(畢業(yè))from Berkeley，he worked in an accounting company as a senior advisor.

　　7．Before he was offered the important post，the young man was asked to have a ________(身體的)examination first.

　　8．The engineer was required to make a________(簡潔的)introduction to the project he was engaged in.

　　9．With the ________(產(chǎn)量)increasing by 20 percent，the company will have another harvest this year.

　　10．________(診斷)with kidney failure，the young man lost the hope of living on in the world.

　　答案：1.leading　2.educated　3.quality　4.original　5.agriculture　6.graduating　7.physical　8.brief　9.production　10.Diagnosed

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　1．他希望靠賣飲料來謀生。

　　He hopes to ______________________________ drinks.

　　2．由于交通阻塞，他開會遲到了。

　　He was late for the meeting _________________________ a traffic jam.

　　3．他太幸運了，能夠從那輛燃燒的汽車中逃出來。

　　He is lucky enough to __________________ the ________ bus.

　　4．濟南作為“泉城”因為它的72泉而為我們所知。

　　Jinan is ________________________________ us ________ “Quan City”________ its 72 springs. 5．這房間由廚房改成了廁所。

　　The room ______________________________________ a kitchen ________ a lavatory.

　　答案：1.earn his living by selling　2.as a result of　3.escape from; burning　4.known to; as; for　5.was converted from；to

　　Ⅲ.單項填空

　　1．Men usually go ________ to what they want and leave quickly when shopping.

　　A．slight　B．light

　　C．straight

　　D．strict

　　答案：C　考查副詞與形容詞辨析。A、B、D三項都是形容詞，而此處需要的是副詞，修飾前面的動詞go，所以選C。straight既是形容詞也是副詞，表示“直直的/地”。

　　2．Gogh and Leonardo da Vinci were known ________ their artistic achievements.

　　A．a(chǎn)s

　　B．to

　　C．for

　　D．in

　　答案：C　be known as “作為……而出名”；be known for“因為……而出名”；be known to “為……所知”。句意：梵高和萊奧納多·達芬奇都是因為他們的藝術(shù)成就而出名。

　　3．There's ________ need to ban smoking as ________ result of the great loss it has caused.

　　A．/; a

　　B．a(chǎn); a

　　C．the; the

　　D．the; a

　　答案：B　考查冠詞。there's a need to do sth.“有必要做某事”；as a result of “由于”。

　　4．(2024·銀川一中模擬)—Mum, I have finished my homework.

　　—Oh. If you ________ not to disturb me, you can watch TV.

　　A．offerB．support

　　C．guarantee

　　D．want

　　答案：C　句意：——媽媽，我已經(jīng)完成作業(yè)了。——噢，如果你保證不打擾我，你可以看電視。offer“提供”；support“支持”；guarantee“保證”；want“想”。由句意可知選C。

　　5．He ________ his duties next week.

　　A．brings up

　　B．sets up

　　C．picks up

　　D．takes up

　　答案：D　句意：他下周就要開始履行職責(zé)。bring up“教育，提出，培養(yǎng)”；set up“建立”；pick up“獲得，撿起”；take up“開始從事，占據(jù)”。由句意可知選D。

　　6．________Yuan Longping's discoveries，Chinese rice production rose by 47.5 percent in the 1990s.

　　A．As a result

　　B．As a result of

　　C．As a consequence

　　D．As consequence of

　　答案：B　考查短語辨析。句意：由于袁隆平的發(fā)現(xiàn)，中國的水稻產(chǎn)量在20世紀90年代上升了47.5%。as a result of 由于……的結(jié)果；as a result/consequence因此，結(jié)果。D項短語不完整，應(yīng)為as a consequence of“由于；作為……的結(jié)果”。

　　7．(北京市西城區(qū)2024－2024學(xué)年度高三測試)We believe the time and hard work ________ in completing such an important project are worthwhile.

　　A．involving

　　B．involved

　　C．to involve

　　D．having involved

　　答案：B　考查過去分詞作定語。involved in意為“涉及到”。句意為：“我們相信涉及到完成如此重要的工程的時間與工作都是值得的。”

　　8．There is no much time left，so I'll tell you about it ________.

　　A．in detail

　　B．in brief

　　C．in short

　　D．in all

　　答案：B　考查介詞短語辨析。句意：所剩時間不多了，所以我將簡短地告訴你這件事。in detail詳細地；in brief簡短地；in short總之；in all總共。

　　9．(2024·北京模擬)She got the photos of her son ________ up next to her desk so that she could see them whenever she missed him.

　　A．to pin

　　B．pinning

　　C．being pinned

　　D．pinned

　　答案：D　考查非謂語動詞。句意：她將兒子的照片釘在桌邊以便于自己想念兒子時能看看這些照片。動詞get通常可以用“ get＋賓語＋賓語補足語”的形式，其補足語可以是不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞，根據(jù)句子語境，pin與photos之間為被動關(guān)系，故要用過去分詞。

　　10．What the young man can't ________is that his mum always treats him like a baby.

　　A．support

　　B．undertake

　　C．hold

　　D．bear

　　答案：D　考查動詞辨析。句意：令那個年輕人不能忍受的是媽媽總是把他當(dāng)小孩子看待。support支持；undertake承擔(dān)，從事，承諾；hold控制，擁有，持有，保留；bear承受，忍受。

　　11．When I was in Beijing last year，I saw the famous pop star ________ in the street.

　　A．by accident

　　B．by change

　　C．by accent

　　D．with chance

　　答案：A　考查介詞短語辨析。句意：去年我在北京的時候，我在街上偶然看到了這位著名的流行歌星。by accident偶然地，意外地。

　　12．The solar cell can ________the energy of sunlight into electric energy.

　　A．construct

　　B．convert

　　C．conserve

　　D．convey

　　答案：B　考查動詞辨析。句意：太陽能電池能把陽光的能量轉(zhuǎn)化為電能。construct建造，創(chuàng)立；convert轉(zhuǎn)化；轉(zhuǎn)換；conserve保存，節(jié)約；convey傳遞，傳達。

　　13．The left-wing party in the country________ in 1992，and since then both the employment and the people's welfare have been improved greatly.

　　A．came to power

　　B．was in power

　　C．come into power

　　D．is in power

　　答案：A　考查動詞短語辨析。句意：左翼黨派1992年開始在這個國家掌權(quán)，從那以后，就業(yè)和人們的福利狀況已經(jīng)有了很大提高。come to power開始執(zhí)政，當(dāng)權(quán)，表示動作，不與時間段短語連用，故A項正確；而was in power表狀態(tài)；C、D兩項時態(tài)不對。

　　14．Due to the heavy flood in Thailand，large quantities of supplies ________ in desperate need in the flood-stricken area now.

　　A．is

　　B．a(chǎn)re

　　C．has been

　　D．had been

　　答案：B　考查主謂一致。句意：由于泰國境內(nèi)嚴重的洪水，洪災(zāi)地區(qū)目前急需大量物資。“l(fā)arge quantities of＋名詞”作主語，句子謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，根據(jù)句中的時間狀語可知，要用一般現(xiàn)在時。故本題正確選項為B。

　　15．—Shall we go to have a picnic in the open air this weekend?

　　—________. I want to relax, for I'm too tired these days.

　　A．Of course we can

　　B．It couldn't be better

　　C．If you like

　　D．It's up to you

　　答案：B　句意：——這個周末我們?nèi)敉庖安秃脝幔俊俸貌贿^了，這些天我太累了，想放松一下。It couldn't be better“那再好不過了”，故選B。Of course we can是針對別人的請求所做的肯定回答；If you like“如果你愿意”；It's up to you“由你決定”。

　　Ⅳ.完形填空

　　The famous scientist Albert Einstein died in 1955. His__1__now is in the central state of Kansas of the U．S.. It belongs to a retired(退休的)__2__doctor, Thomas Harvey. __3__did this happen? And why?

　　In the 1950s, Albert Einstein and Thomas Harvey__4__each other when they both lived in Princeton, New Jersey. Einstein was working at Princeton University__5__Doctor Harvey was working at Princeton Hospital. When Einstein died, Doctor Harvey was__6__to examine his body. It was then that he started to study__7__has become a long time examination of Einstein's brain. His goal was to__8__some physical evidence(證據(jù))of the scientist's genius(才華)．

　　Doctor Harvey, __9__， did not tell Einstein's family that he__10__the great man's brain. It was only later__11__the family learned of Doctor Harvey's work. They did not__12__the idea at first. After Doctor Harvey explained his idea to them, they agreed to__13__him to study the brain. Doctor Harvey then asked__14__scientists to help. They cut the brain__15__three pieces. They marked each piece before placing it in containers__16__chemical formaldehyde(甲醛)to protect it. Doctor Harvey has been__17__Einstein's brain since then. He has carried it with him as he moved from place to place. He has also lent parts of the brain to other scientists__18__study.

　　Only one researcher has found something__19__. A doctor at the University of California found that the left part of Einstein's brain has more certain cells(細胞)than__20__. Such cells are known to feed brain. This may mean that the cells could affect intelligence.

　　1．A.body

　　B．heart

　　C．brain

　　D．head

　　答案：C　從后文可知是愛因斯坦的大腦被保存在美國的Kansas州。

　　2．A.actual

　　B．chemical

　　C．natural

　　D．medical

　　答案：D　一個退休的醫(yī)學(xué)博士。

　　3．A.What

　　B．How

　　C．Who

　　D．Which

　　答案：B　這是怎么回事呢？

　　4．A.realized B．recognized

　　C．learned

　　D．knew

　　答案：D　兩個人都住在普林斯頓城，因此互相認識。

　　5．A.as

　　B．because

　　C．while

　　D．since

　　答案：C　while表示對比轉(zhuǎn)折，意為“然而”。

　　6．A.called on

　　B．called atC．sent up

　　D．sent off

　　答案：A　call on此處意為“要求(某人做某事)”。

　　7．A.which

　　B．how

　　C．that

　　D．what

　　答案：D　study后是一個賓語從句，從句中缺少主語，故用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)。

　　8．A.invent

　　B．discover

　　C．prove

　　D．examine

　　答案：B　他的目的是從身體方面找出愛因斯坦聰明的證據(jù)。

　　9．A.perhaps

　　B．therefore

　　C．thus

　　D．however

　　答案：D　由上下文語境可知此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用副詞however。

　　10．A.bought

　　B．soldC．kept

　　D．made

　　答案：C　但他并沒有告訴愛因斯坦的家人他保存著他的大腦。

　　11．A.that

　　B．when

　　C．before

　　D．a(chǎn)fter

　　答案：A　強調(diào)句型It was...that...。

　　12．A.hear of

　　B．like

　　C．suggest

　　D．offer

　　答案：B　當(dāng)愛因斯坦的家人知道此事后，開始他們是不認同這個主意的。

　　13．A.promise

　　B．let

　　C．have

　　D．permit

　　答案：D　后來他們同意讓他研究愛因斯坦的大腦。

　　14．A.other two

　　B．two other

　　C．more two

　　D．two another

　　答案：B　“另外兩個科學(xué)家”，用two other scientists或another two scientists。

　　15．A.off

　　B．by

　　C．into

　　D．a(chǎn)bout

　　答案：C　cut...into three pieces“把……切成三塊”。

　　16．A.for

　　B．a(chǎn)bout

　　C．of

　　D．with

　　答案：D　with此處意為“帶有，裝有”。

　　17．A.learning

　　B．studying

　　C．searching

　　D．selling

　　答案：B　全文一直在講“研究”愛因斯坦的大腦。

　　18．A.for

　　B．onC．into

　　D．a(chǎn)bout

　　答案：A　for study“以供研究”，for表示目的。

　　19．A.easy

　　B．difficult

　　C．particular

　　D．common

　　答案：C　有一個科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了特別的東西。

　　20．A.ever

　　B．enough

　　C．usual

　　D．normal

　　答案：D　某種細胞比正常情況下多一些。Ⅴ.閱讀理解

　　Next Halloween，a small vegetable that looks like a pumpkin may appear in a garden near you.The vegetable is a type of pepper that is called“Lil'Pumpkin”．It's very special because it has orange，pumpkin-like fruit.

　　You might think that all vegetables are grown to provide food to eat.But some vegetables are grown mainly for the lively color and holiday spirit that they bring to gardens.These are called “ornamentals(觀賞性植物)”．Just like lights decorate a Christmas tree，they decorate a garden.

　　The peppers were bred(培育)by Agricultural Research Service(ARS) scientists John Stommel and Robert Griesbach.Another pepper the scientists developed is called“Pepper Jack”．Because Pepper Jack has orange and black cone-shaped(錐形的)fruit，it might remind you of the popular Halloween treat“candy corn”．

　　Stommel says that vegetable crops such as peppers were first widely grown in Europe in the 15th century.At that time，people liked these crops more because they looked pretty than because they provided food.

　　Back then，when a gardener grew plants for decoration and plants for food，the garden was called a “potager”．An example of this is the large gardens on the lawns(草坪)of castles and very large homes where kings and queens lived.One of those large royal homes was the French king's palace at Versailles during the 1600s.The palace is still there today，and people from all over the world still go there to visit and see the gardens.

　　Today，Stommel says using vegetables as decorations in gardens has become popular again.

　　So you might be wondering，if these peppers are for decoration，can people eat them？Yes，but the fruit from both of these peppers has a sharp taste(kind of like onions)．