2024屆高考英語一輪復習 語篇微寫作強化系列Test7精選導學案 北師大版
2024屆高考英語一輪復習 語篇微寫作強化系列Test7精選導學案 北師大版
?、?完形填空
Like poorly managed stress，anger that isn’t handled in a healthy way can be not only uncomfortable，but even damaging to one’s health and personal life.Consider the following research on anger：
One study from the University of Washington School of Nursing studied __1__ problems in husbands and wives.Researchers cited(引用) previous evidence that anger problems and depressive symptoms have been linked to all major __2__ of death，but found that wives specifically found a greater association between anger and __3__ of depression，__4__ men tended to instead experience an __5__ between anger and health problems.
According to a study from Ohio State University，those who had less control over their anger __6__ to heal more slowly from wounds.Researchers gave blisters(起皰膏) to 98 participants and found that，after 8 days，those who had less control over their anger also tended to be __7__ healers.__8__，those participants also tended to have more cortisol (a stress hormone) in their system during the blistering procedure，__9__ that they may be more stressed in difficult situations as well.
__10__ study from Harvard School of Public Health studied hostility(敵對行為) in men and found that those with __11__ rates of hostility not only had poorer pulmonary functioning (breathing problems)，but experienced higher rates of decline as they aged.
Research with children and __12__ shows that anger __13__ is important for the younger set as well.Findings showed that youth who cope inappropriately with their anger are at greater __14__ for problem-ridden(受……支配的) interpersonal relationships.Their __15__ is also at risk; those who cope poorly with anger tend to have more negative __16__ when it comes to both mental and general health.This highlights the fact that anger management is an important skill to __17__ early.
These are just a few of the many studies linking anger to __18__ and emotional health problems，from the obvious to the __19__.Because poorly managed anger presents such a significant problem in so many areas of life，it’s important to take steps toward learning and using healthy anger management techniques in daily life，__20__ stress management techniques.
1．A.anger
B．health
C．emotion
D．spirit
答案 A
解析 這一句的語境是：一項來自華盛頓護士學校的研究研究了夫妻之間的生氣問題，此處結合全文應該填上表示生氣之意的名詞，也即是A項。
2．A.causes
B．effects
C．excuses
D．factors
答案 A
解析 我們容易推理出這一句的語境是：研究人員引用了以前的數據：生氣問題和抑郁癥的癥狀都和主要的死亡原因有聯系。我們不難看出此處應該填上表示原因之意的名詞，只有A項(原因)有這樣的意思。
3．A.times
B．results
C．influences
D．symptoms
答案 D
解析 聯系上下文的語境，由上一題的分析我們不難看出此處語意應該是：但是發現妻子尤其覺得生氣和抑郁癥之間有聯系，而丈夫認為生氣和健康有聯系。容易確定此處應該填上表示癥狀之意的名詞，也即是D項。
4．A.but
B．if
C．while
D．though
答案 C
解析 由上一題的分析我們知道應選表示對比意味的然而之意的連詞，故C項最佳。
5．A.appreciation
B．attention
C．association
D．attraction
答案 C
解析 由第三題的分析我們不難看出此處應該填上表示聯系之意的名詞，故選C項。
6．A.prepared
B．addicted
C．accustomed
D．tended
答案 D
解析 經過分析，語意是：根據一項來自俄亥俄州立大學的研究，那些很少控制憤怒的人總是傷口愈合得慢。故D項最佳。
7．A.faster
B．more
C．slower
D．quicker
答案 C
解析 聯系上下文的語境，我們容易推理出此處應該填上表示較慢的之意的形容詞，也即是C項。
8．A.As well as B．In addition
C．Except
D．What’s worse
答案 B
解析 聯系上下文的語意，我們容易推理出這一句的語境是：而且，這些人在起水泡過程中身體系統總是分泌出較多的壓力激素，這說明在困難情況下他們可能也感到更多的壓力。不難看出此處應該填上表示而且之意的詞，這四個詞中只有B項有這樣的意思。
9．A.predicting
B．promising
C．expecting
D．suggesting
答案 D
解析 由上一題的分析我們不難看出此處應該填上表示說明之意的動詞的現在分詞，也即是D項。
10．A.Other
B．More
C．Another
D．The other
答案 C
解析 聯系上下文的語境(上面介紹了兩項研究)，我們容易推理出應該填上表示另外一項之意的代詞，這四個詞中只有C項有這樣的意思。
11．A.higher
B．lower
C．thicker
D．fewer
答案 A
解析 經過分析，語意是：另一項來自哈佛公共健康學校的對于男人的攻擊行為的研究表明：那些有著高比率的攻擊行為的男性不僅有糟糕的呼吸問題，而且有隨著他們變老衰老的比率也高的問題。我們不難看出此處應該填上表示較高的之意的形容詞，也即是A項。
12．A.adults
B．adolescents
C．elders
D．citizens
答案 B
解析 聯系上下文的語境(前面說的是成年人，這里要說小孩和青少年及青年人)，我們容易推理出這一句的語境是：對小孩和青少年的研究表明：控制惱怒對于他們同樣重要。我們容易斷定此處應該填上表示青少年之意的名詞，也即是B項。
13．A.development
B．management
C．argument
D．engagement
答案 B
解析 由上一題的分析我們不難看出此處應該填上表示控制之意的名詞，也即是B項。
14．A.chance
B．choice
C．rate
D．risk
答案 D
解析 聯系上下文的語境及日常生活中的常識(易于發火的人容易被人惹惱)，我們容易推理出這一句的語境是：結果發現不能夠合適地應對惱怒的年輕人，在人際交往中有較高的受人支配的風險。我們不難看出此處應該填上表示風險之意的名詞，也即是D項。
15．A.body
B．feeling
C．health
D．emotion
答案 C
解析 由上一題的分析，我們容易推理出這一句的語境是：他們的健康也有風險。此處應該填上表示健康之意的名詞，這四個詞中只有C項有這樣的意思。
16．A.outcomes
B．meanings
C．effects
D．pains
答案 A
解析 聯系上下文的語境及日常生活中的常識，我們容易推理出這一句的語境是：那些不能合適地應對惱怒的人在精神和健康方面總是有比較負面的結果。我們容易看出此處應該填上表示結果之意的名詞，也即是A項。
17．A.recite
B．learn
C．understand
D．explore
答案 B
解析 聯系上下文的語境，我們容易推理出這一句的語境是：這就凸顯了惱怒管理是要早些掌握的一種技能。此處應該填上表示學習之意的動詞，這四個詞中只有B項有這樣的意思。
18．A.facial
B．spiritual
C．psychological
D．physical
答案 D
解析 聯系上下文的語境，由上面的一系列的分析我們不難看出語意是：這些僅僅是很多把惱怒和人的身體及情感健康問題聯系起來的研究中的幾個研究。這些問題或明顯或隱藏，結合日常生活中的常識(往往我們說人健康的時候總是說身心健康)，我們容易判斷此處應該填上表示身體的之意的形容詞，也即是D項。
19．A.unperfected
B．unexpected
C．unprotected
D．uncovered
答案 B
解析 由上一題的分析我們不難看出此處應該填上表示隱藏(也就是不曾為人料想到的)之意的動詞的過去分詞，這四個詞中只有B項有這樣的意思。
20．A.along with
B．along side
C．as with
D．for with
答案 A
解析 聯系上下文的語意，我們容易推理出這一句的語境是：采取措施學習控制惱怒和壓力的技能是重要的。此處該填上表示“和……一起”之意的介詞詞組，也即是A項。
Ⅱ.閱讀理解
Language learning begins with listening.Children are greatly different in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking，and later starters are often long listeners.Most children will “obey” spoken instructions some time before they can speak，though the word “obey” is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the children.Before they can speak，many children will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises.
Any attempt to study the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties.It is agreed that they enjoy making noises，and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves as particularly expressive as delight，pain，friendliness，and so on.But since these can’t be said to show the baby’s intention to communicate，they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language.It is agreed，too，that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment，and that by six months they are able to add new words to their store.This self-imitation(模仿) leads on to deliberate(有意的) imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people.The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.
It is a problem we need to get our teeth into.The meaning of a word depends on what a particular person means by it in a particular situation; and it is clear that what a child means by a word will change as he gains more experience of the world.Thus the use，at seven months，of “mama” as a greeting for his mother cannot be dismissed as a meaningless sound simply because he also uses it at another time for his father，his dog，or anything else he likes.Playful and meaningless imitation of what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself.I doubt，however，whether anything is gained when parents take advantage of this ability in an attempt to teach new sounds.
1．Before children start speaking ________.
A．they need equal amount of listening
B．they need different amounts of listening
C．they are all eager to cooperate with the adults by obey spoken instructions
D．they can’t understand and obey the adult’s oral instructions
答案 B
解析 細節理解題。根據第一段“Children are greatly different in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking...”可知此題答案為B項。
2．Children who start speaking late ________.
A．may have problems with their listening
B．probably do not hear enough language spoken around them
C．usually pay close attention to what they hear
D．often take a long time in learning to listen properly
答案 D
解析 細節理解題。根據第一段中的“...later starters are often long listeners.”可知答案選D項。
3．A baby’s first noises are ________.
A．an expression of his moods and feelings
B．an early form of language
C．a sign that he means to tell you something
D．an imitation of the speech of adults
答案 A
解析 細節理解題。根據第二段“...the first few months one or two noises sort themselves as particularly expressive as delight，pain，friendliness，and so on.”可知正確答案為A項。
4．The problem of deciding at what point a baby’s imitations can be considered as speech ________.
A．is important because words have different meanings for different people
B．is not especially important because the changeover takes place gradually
C．is one that should be properly understood because the meaning of words changes with age
D．is one that should be completely ignored because children’s use of words is often meaningless
答案 C
解析 細節理解題。根據第三段“...and it is clear that what a child means by a word will change as he gains more experience of the world.”可知C項為正確答案。
5．The speaker implies ________.
A．parents can never hope to teach their children new sounds
B．children no longer imitate people after they begin to speak
C．children who are good at imitating learn new words more quickly
D．even after they have learnt to speak，children still enjoy imitating
答案 D
解析 推理判斷題。根據第三段“Playful and meaningless imitation of what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself.”可推知此題答案為D項。
?、?微寫作
寫作素材
1．配有彩圖的課文有助于我們理解英語。
2．過去不喜歡英語的同學也對英語感興趣了。
3．然而有些課文的詞匯對我們來說太難。
提示：盡量使用高級表達：定語從句；turn out to be；however等。
連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文)
The texts with colorful pictures can help us understand English better.The students who used to dislike English turned out to be interested in it.However，some texts have too many new words and expressions which are hard for us.
1．tend v．傾向于；照顧 tendence n．傾向；趨勢 tend to do...傾向于做…… tend to sb./sth.照顧have a tendence to do...有……的傾向
2．attempt n．& v．試圖；努力 attempted adj.未遂的 attempt to do...試圖做…… make an attempt to.../at doing...嘗試(試圖)做…… attempted suicide自殺未遂
3．cope with處理；應付 近似短語：deal with，do with，treat with
4．The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.
本句中at which引導定語從句，at which可改為where (英語中當先行詞為point，case，situation，condition等，且定語從句中不缺少主要成分時，要用where引導定語從句)，在該定語從句中包含一個由that引導的賓語從句。as to意為“關于；至于”。
5．Like poorly managed stress，anger that isn’t handled in a healthy way can be not only uncomfortable，but even damaging to one’s health and personal life.
該句中that引導定語從句修飾先行詞anger，not only...but (also)．..連接并列成分。
學會一種單詞記憶法
11．軟件記憶：有電腦的可利用電腦軟件記單詞，如：《開心背單詞》、《開天辟地背單詞》、《我愛背單詞》等。
12．閱讀記憶：通過閱讀英語文章、小說等記憶，注意選擇難度要適宜。
完形填空解題技巧
1．讀懂句子意思，選擇正確答案。
