【北師大版】2024屆高考英語一輪復習精選導學案語篇微寫作強化系列Test 17

　　Test 17

　　Ⅰ.完形填空

　　A land free from destruction，plus wealth，natural resources，and labor supply—all these were important __1__ in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution.__2__ they were not enough.Something __3__ was needed to start the industrial process.That “something special” was men—__4__ individuals who could invent machines，find new __5__ of power，and establish business organizations to reshape society.

　　The men who __6__ the machines of the Industrial Revolution __7__ from many backgrounds and many occupations.Many of them were __8__ inventors than scientists.A man who is a __9__ scientist is primarily interested in doing his research __10__.He is not necessarily working __11__ that his findings can be used.

　　An inventor or one interested in applied science is __12__trying to make something that has a concrete use.He may try to solve a problem by __13__ the theories __14__science or by experimenting through trial and error.Regardless of his method，he is working to obtain a __15__ result：the construction of a harvesting machine，the burning of a light bulb，or one of __16__ other objectives.

　　Most of the people who __17__ the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors，not trained scientists.A few were both scientists and inventors.Even those who had __18__ or no training in science might not have made their inventions __19__ a groundwork had not been laid by scientists years __20__.

　　1．A.cases

　　B．reasons

　　C．factors

　　D．situations

　　答案　C

　　解析　上述條件是使英國成為工業革命中心的重要因素(factor)。

　　2．A.But

　　B．And

　　C．Besides

　　D．Even

　　答案　A

　　解析　根據上下句的意思，應選一個表轉折的連詞，but符合題意。

　　3．A.else

　　B．near

　　C．extra

　　D．similar

　　答案　A

　　解析　這句話要表達的是“也需要其他條件”，而不是“額外條件”，故選A。

　　4．A.generating

　　B．effective

　　C．motivating

　　D．creative

　　答案　D

　　解析　根據下句的解釋，應選“有創造性的”，creative符合題意。

　　5．A.origins

　　B．sources

　　C．bases

　　D．discoveries

　　答案　B

　　解析　sources意為“來源，根源”，符合題意。

　　6．A.employed

　　B．created

　　C．operated

　　D．controlled

　　答案　B

　　解析　根據句子的意思，應選create“創造，發明”。

　　7.A.came

　　B．arrived

　　C．stemmed

　　D．appeared

　　答案　A

　　解析　come from的意思是“出自，來自”，與后面background搭配，意為“出于……背景”。

　　8．A.less

　　B．better

　　C．more

　　D．worse

　　答案　C

　　解析　more...than...是固定搭配，意為“與其說……不如說……”。本句的意思是“與其說是科學家，不如說是發明家”。

　　9．A.genuine

　　B．practical

　　C．pure

　　D．clever

　　答案　C

　　解析　一個單純的(pure)科學家主要致力于精確的科學研究。

　　10．A.happily

　　B．occasionally

　　C．reluctantly

　　D．accurately

　　答案　D

　　解析　accurately精確地，符合題意。

　　11．A.now B．and

　　C．all

　　D．so

　　答案　D

　　解析　so that是固定搭配，表目的。

　　12．A.seldom

　　B．sometimes

　　C．all

　　D．never

　　答案　C

　　解析　一個發明家或熱衷于應用科學的人通常試圖創造有使用價值的東西。

　　13．A.planning

　　B．using

　　C．idea

　　D．means

　　答案　B

　　解析　這句話的意思是“通過運用(use)科學理論”。

　　14．A.of

　　B．with

　　C．to

　　D．as

　　答案　A

　　解析　theories of science科學的理論。

　　15．A.single

　　B．sole

　　C．specialized

　　D．specific

　　答案　D

　　解析　他為了明確的(specific)結果而工作。

　　16．A.few

　　B．those

　　C．many

　　D．all

　　答案　C

　　解析　one of many other objectives許多其他東西中的一種。

　　17．A.proposed

　　B．developed

　　C．supplied

　　D．offered

　　答案　B

　　解析　develop發展；研制，開發，符合語境。

　　18．A.little

　　B．much

　　C．some

　　D．any

　　答案　A

　　解析　本題要求選用的是與no意義相近的不定代詞，在四個選項中，只有little的意思是“幾乎沒有”，后接不可數名詞，符合題意。

　　19．A.as

　　B．if

　　C．because

　　D．while

　　答案　B

　　解析　本題要求填入的是一個連詞，用來連接一個表示與過去事實相反的虛擬條件句。本句的意思是：“如果沒有科學家早年打下的基礎，那些在科學上接受過很少或沒有接受過教育的人就不可能有所發明創造”。if如果，通常用在虛擬條件句中。

　　20．A.ago

　　B．past

　　C．ahead

　　D．before

　　答案　D

　　解析　本題要求填入的副詞用來修飾一個過去完成時的謂語動詞，即表示過去某個時間以前發生的動作，因而只能用before。

　?、?閱讀理解

　　The day was warm and the sun shone down like a new beginning on my life.I was waving goodbye to my son，the last one of my fledglings(剛會飛的鳥) to leave home and go to new woods，“University actually”．I felt so lighthearted after spending many years looking after my four children—cooking，washing，ironing，teaching them how to look after themselves and manage their finances—that I actually thought “At long last，freedom”．

　　But，as I watched my last one leave，although it was a joyous occasion，I realized I had not really prepared for this day，I was_too_tied_up_with_bringing up these adults of the future to realize that they would all leave the nest and lives independently.

　　At first I didn’t know what “I” wanted to do.I tried a part time job，which ended in me running out in tears.I started a business making soft furnishings，but that didn’t work either.I grew my own veggies and fruit，which lasted 3 years，until I was advised by my doctor that my feet couldn’t take any more “tools” driven through them.

　　I began wondering if I had a future of my own.I cried for the life I was used to，and hadn’t known or wanted anything different.

　　Then one day I saw an ad.for foster parents，I discussed it with my husband who was always behind everything I tried and with great disturbance，I rang up the number.

　　I now laugh and sing with my 14-year-old foster daughter，even when my cooker is a mess and my bathroom is a disaster area.I now know,8 years later，what “I” was meant to be doing with all the spare hours，days，and weeks I had on my hands when my last fledgling flew the nest.The sun shines once again in my home.

　　1．How did the mother first feel when her last child went off to university?

　　A．Lonely.

　　B．Anxious.

　　C．Relieved.

　　D．Annoyed.

　　答案　C

　　解析　根據“as I watched my last one leave，although it was a joyous occasion”可知當孩子們離開家的時候，最初作者是感覺到自由和解脫，故選C項。

　　2．The underlined phrase “was too tied up with” in the second paragraph means “________”．

　　A．was occupied in

　　B．was associated with

　　C．was tired of

　　D．was addicted to

　　答案　A

　　解析　根據“I was too tied up with bringing up these adults of the future”可知該劃線部分是指“忙于”的意思，故選A項。

　　3．In the third paragraph，the poor mother did all the things just to________.

　　A．live a greener and healthier life

　　B．earn more money for her kids’ education

　　C．shift her attention and ease her anxiety

　　D．start her own decorating business

　　答案　C

　　解析　根據第三段可知，作者做了很多工作，目的是讓自己充實起來，轉移注意力和緩解內心的焦慮。

　　4．What did the empty-nested mother think of her husband?

　　A．Skilled.

　　B．Supportive.

　　C．Stubborn.

　　D．Open-minded.

　　答案　B

　　解析　根據“I discussed it with my husband who was always behind everything I tried”可知丈夫一直在背后支持作者。

　　5．Thanks to the foster daughter，the author________.

　　A．got rid of her busy work

　　B．forgot her other children

　　C．found a suitable job

　　D．knew what she really wanted

　　答案　D

　　解析　根據“I now know,8 years later，what ‘I’was meant to be doing with all the spare hours，days，and weeks I had on my hands when my last fledgling flew the nest.”可知作者從與養女的陪伴中體會到她真正想要的是什么。

　?、?微寫作

　　寫作素材

　　1．兩年前我買了一本書。

　　2．書的內容是關于如何學英語語法及詞匯的，并附有很多有用的方法和技巧。

　　3．我想用它換一本漢語詞典，這樣我可以用來查閱一些常見詞匯。

　　(素材來源于2024·重慶·書面表達)

　　提示：盡量使用高級表達：whose和介詞＋which引導的非限制性定語從句以及疑問詞＋不定式作賓語等。

　　連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文)

　　Two years ago I bought a book，whose content is about how to learn English grammar and vocabulary with many special useful methods and skills.I want to exchange it for a Chinese dictionary，in which I can look up some common words.

　　1．establish v．建立；設立　established adj.知名的；已建立的　establishment n．機構；團體；企業　establish a reputation確立名聲　establish oneself as...確立自己為……　get/become established立足；站穩腳跟

　　2．occupation n．職業；工作；占有　in occupation of占有

　　in the occupation of被……占有　take occupation of占有　be occupied with忙于

　　3．apply v．申請；適用；涂抹　application n．申請　applicant n．申請人　apply to sb.for sth.向某人申請……apply oneself to致力于

　　4．regardless of不管；不顧　in spite of盡管　despite盡管

　　5．I grew my own veggies and fruit，which lasted 3 years，until I was advised by my doctor that my feet couldn’t take any more “tools” driven through them.句中which引導非限制性定語從句，其先行詞為前邊的主句，until引導時間狀語從句，在該從句中包含一個由that引導的賓語從句，過去分詞短語driven through them作后置定語，修飾tools。

　　提高完形填空解題能力“八字訣”

　　1．不斷積累，夯實基礎

　　要系統復習詞匯、短語搭配、習慣用法及一些重要句型。在復習詞匯時要注意詞匯在不同語境中的多重含義。對于重要的語法項目，如定語從句、名詞性從句、狀語從句、倒裝句、情態動詞等，要分段歸納，把零星的、分散的知識加以總結概括，并且要做這部分的練習題加以鞏固，以做到概念清楚，運用靈活。扎實的基礎知識是做好完形填空的根本。像本節完形填空中的第8空Many of them were __8__ inventors than scientists.它考查的就是固定搭配more...than...，意為“與其說……不如說……”。

　　2. 加強訓練，培養語感

　　每日最少做一篇完形文章，同時要注意選材的多樣性，難度要由易到難，逐步過渡。經過一段時間的訓練，就會發現自己的邏輯思維能力和觀察分析能力有所提高，語感也相應提高了。

　　3．掌握技巧，避免急躁

　　熟練的技巧和良好的閱讀習慣是做好題目的前提和保證。完形文章的閱讀比較困難，有時需跳過空格，了解文意。應注意分析文章結構，領會上下文邏輯關系，不要盲目選擇。閱讀時要控制時間，并著眼于整體的把握，避免支離破碎的詞的拼湊。切忌遇到生詞就查詞典，這樣會影響閱讀速度。另外，要保持良好的心態，不要急躁，只要堅持不懈，成績就會在潛移默化中提高。

　　4. 整理錯題，熟能生巧

　　每做完一篇完形之后，都應對所錯之處進行分析，總結出錯的原因，找出正確的解題思路，以逐步養成良好的解題習慣和熟練的解題技巧。

　　Test 17

　?、?完形填空

　　A land free from destruction，plus wealth，natural resources，and labor supply—all these were important __1__ in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution.__2__ they were not enough.Something __3__ was needed to start the industrial process.That “something special” was men—__4__ individuals who could invent machines，find new __5__ of power，and establish business organizations to reshape society.

　　The men who __6__ the machines of the Industrial Revolution __7__ from many backgrounds and many occupations.Many of them were __8__ inventors than scientists.A man who is a __9__ scientist is primarily interested in doing his research __10__.He is not necessarily working __11__ that his findings can be used.

　　An inventor or one interested in applied science is __12__trying to make something that has a concrete use.He may try to solve a problem by __13__ the theories __14__science or by experimenting through trial and error.Regardless of his method，he is working to obtain a __15__ result：the construction of a harvesting machine，the burning of a light bulb，or one of __16__ other objectives.

　　Most of the people who __17__ the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors，not trained scientists.A few were both scientists and inventors.Even those who had __18__ or no training in science might not have made their inventions __19__ a groundwork had not been laid by scientists years __20__.

　　1．A.cases

　　B．reasons

　　C．factors

　　D．situations

　　答案　C

　　解析　上述條件是使英國成為工業革命中心的重要因素(factor)。

　　2．A.But

　　B．And

　　C．Besides

　　D．Even

　　答案　A

　　解析　根據上下句的意思，應選一個表轉折的連詞，but符合題意。

　　3．A.else

　　B．near

　　C．extra

　　D．similar

　　答案　A

　　解析　這句話要表達的是“也需要其他條件”，而不是“額外條件”，故選A。

　　4．A.generating

　　B．effective

　　C．motivating

　　D．creative

　　答案　D

　　解析　根據下句的解釋，應選“有創造性的”，creative符合題意。

　　5．A.origins

　　B．sources

　　C．bases

　　D．discoveries

　　答案　B

　　解析　sources意為“來源，根源”，符合題意。

　　6．A.employed

　　B．created

　　C．operated

　　D．controlled

　　答案　B

　　解析　根據句子的意思，應選create“創造，發明”。

　　7.A.came

　　B．arrived

　　C．stemmed

　　D．appeared

　　答案　A

　　解析　come from的意思是“出自，來自”，與后面background搭配，意為“出于……背景”。

　　8．A.less

　　B．better

　　C．more

　　D．worse

　　答案　C

　　解析　more...than...是固定搭配，意為“與其說……不如說……”。本句的意思是“與其說是科學家，不如說是發明家”。

　　9．A.genuine

　　B．practical

　　C．pure

　　D．clever

　　答案　C

　　解析　一個單純的(pure)科學家主要致力于精確的科學研究。

　　10．A.happily

　　B．occasionally

　　C．reluctantly

　　D．accurately

　　答案　D

　　解析　accurately精確地，符合題意。

　　11．A.now B．and

　　C．all

　　D．so

　　答案　D

　　解析　so that是固定搭配，表目的。

　　12．A.seldom

　　B．sometimes

　　C．all

　　D．never

　　答案　C

　　解析　一個發明家或熱衷于應用科學的人通常試圖創造有使用價值的東西。

　　13．A.planning

　　B．using

　　C．idea

　　D．means

　　答案　B

　　解析　這句話的意思是“通過運用(use)科學理論”。

　　14．A.of

　　B．with

　　C．to

　　D．as

　　答案　A

　　解析　theories of science科學的理論。

　　15．A.single

　　B．sole

　　C．specialized

　　D．specific

　　答案　D

　　解析　他為了明確的(specific)結果而工作。

　　16．A.few

　　B．those

　　C．many

　　D．all

　　答案　C

　　解析　one of many other objectives許多其他東西中的一種。

　　17．A.proposed

　　B．developed

　　C．supplied

　　D．offered

　　答案　B

　　解析　develop發展；研制，開發，符合語境。

　　18．A.little

　　B．much

　　C．some

　　D．any

　　答案　A

　　解析　本題要求選用的是與no意義相近的不定代詞，在四個選項中，只有little的意思是“幾乎沒有”，后接不可數名詞，符合題意。

　　19．A.as

　　B．if

　　C．because

　　D．while

　　答案　B

　　解析　本題要求填入的是一個連詞，用來連接一個表示與過去事實相反的虛擬條件句。本句的意思是：“如果沒有科學家早年打下的基礎，那些在科學上接受過很少或沒有接受過教育的人就不可能有所發明創造”。if如果，通常用在虛擬條件句中。

　　20．A.ago

　　B．past

　　C．ahead

　　D．before

　　答案　D

　　解析　本題要求填入的副詞用來修飾一個過去完成時的謂語動詞，即表示過去某個時間以前發生的動作，因而只能用before。

　?、?閱讀理解

　　The day was warm and the sun shone down like a new beginning on my life.I was waving goodbye to my son，the last one of my fledglings(剛會飛的鳥) to leave home and go to new woods，“University actually”．I felt so lighthearted after spending many years looking after my four children—cooking，washing，ironing，teaching them how to look after themselves and manage their finances—that I actually thought “At long last，freedom”．

　　But，as I watched my last one leave，although it was a joyous occasion，I realized I had not really prepared for this day，I was_too_tied_up_with_bringing up these adults of the future to realize that they would all leave the nest and lives independently.

　　At first I didn’t know what “I” wanted to do.I tried a part time job，which ended in me running out in tears.I started a business making soft furnishings，but that didn’t work either.I grew my own veggies and fruit，which lasted 3 years，until I was advised by my doctor that my feet couldn’t take any more “tools” driven through them.

　　I began wondering if I had a future of my own.I cried for the life I was used to，and hadn’t known or wanted anything different.

　　Then one day I saw an ad.for foster parents，I discussed it with my husband who was always behind everything I tried and with great disturbance，I rang up the number.

　　I now laugh and sing with my 14-year-old foster daughter，even when my cooker is a mess and my bathroom is a disaster area.I now know,8 years later，what “I” was meant to be doing with all the spare hours，days，and weeks I had on my hands when my last fledgling flew the nest.The sun shines once again in my home.

　　1．How did the mother first feel when her last child went off to university?

　　A．Lonely.

　　B．Anxious.

　　C．Relieved.

　　D．Annoyed.

　　答案　C

　　解析　根據“as I watched my last one leave，although it was a joyous occasion”可知當孩子們離開家的時候，最初作者是感覺到自由和解脫，故選C項。

　　2．The underlined phrase “was too tied up with” in the second paragraph means “________”．

　　A．was occupied in

　　B．was associated with

　　C．was tired of

　　D．was addicted to

　　答案　A

　　解析　根據“I was too tied up with bringing up these adults of the future”可知該劃線部分是指“忙于”的意思，故選A項。

　　3．In the third paragraph，the poor mother did all the things just to________.

　　A．live a greener and healthier life

　　B．earn more money for her kids’ education

　　C．shift her attention and ease her anxiety

　　D．start her own decorating business

　　答案　C

　　解析　根據第三段可知，作者做了很多工作，目的是讓自己充實起來，轉移注意力和緩解內心的焦慮。

　　4．What did the empty-nested mother think of her husband?

　　A．Skilled.

　　B．Supportive.

　　C．Stubborn.

　　D．Open-minded.

　　答案　B

　　解析　根據“I discussed it with my husband who was always behind everything I tried”可知丈夫一直在背后支持作者。

　　5．Thanks to the foster daughter，the author________.

　　A．got rid of her busy work

　　B．forgot her other children

　　C．found a suitable job

　　D．knew what she really wanted

　　答案　D

　　解析　根據“I now know,8 years later，what ‘I’was meant to be doing with all the spare hours，days，and weeks I had on my hands when my last fledgling flew the nest.”可知作者從與養女的陪伴中體會到她真正想要的是什么。

　?、?微寫作

　　寫作素材

　　1．兩年前我買了一本書。

　　2．書的內容是關于如何學英語語法及詞匯的，并附有很多有用的方法和技巧。

　　3．我想用它換一本漢語詞典，這樣我可以用來查閱一些常見詞匯。

　　(素材來源于2024·重慶·書面表達)

　　提示：盡量使用高級表達：whose和介詞＋which引導的非限制性定語從句以及疑問詞＋不定式作賓語等。

　　連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文)

　　Two years ago I bought a book，whose content is about how to learn English grammar and vocabulary with many special useful methods and skills.I want to exchange it for a Chinese dictionary，in which I can look up some common words.

　　1．establish v．建立；設立　established adj.知名的；已建立的　establishment n．機構；團體；企業　establish a reputation確立名聲　establish oneself as...確立自己為……　get/become established立足；站穩腳跟

　　2．occupation n．職業；工作；占有　in occupation of占有

　　in the occupation of被……占有　take occupation of占有　be occupied with忙于

　　3．apply v．申請；適用；涂抹　application n．申請　applicant n．申請人　apply to sb.for sth.向某人申請……apply oneself to致力于

　　4．regardless of不管；不顧　in spite of盡管　despite盡管

　　5．I grew my own veggies and fruit，which lasted 3 years，until I was advised by my doctor that my feet couldn’t take any more “tools” driven through them.句中which引導非限制性定語從句，其先行詞為前邊的主句，until引導時間狀語從句，在該從句中包含一個由that引導的賓語從句，過去分詞短語driven through them作后置定語，修飾tools。

　　提高完形填空解題能力“八字訣”

　　1．不斷積累，夯實基礎

　　要系統復習詞匯、短語搭配、習慣用法及一些重要句型。在復習詞匯時要注意詞匯在不同語境中的多重含義。對于重要的語法項目，如定語從句、名詞性從句、狀語從句、倒裝句、情態動詞等，要分段歸納，把零星的、分散的知識加以總結概括，并且要做這部分的練習題加以鞏固，以做到概念清楚，運用靈活。扎實的基礎知識是做好完形填空的根本。像本節完形填空中的第8空Many of them were __8__ inventors than scientists.它考查的就是固定搭配more...than...，意為“與其說……不如說……”。

　　2. 加強訓練，培養語感

　　每日最少做一篇完形文章，同時要注意選材的多樣性，難度要由易到難，逐步過渡。經過一段時間的訓練，就會發現自己的邏輯思維能力和觀察分析能力有所提高，語感也相應提高了。

　　3．掌握技巧，避免急躁

　　熟練的技巧和良好的閱讀習慣是做好題目的前提和保證。完形文章的閱讀比較困難，有時需跳過空格，了解文意。應注意分析文章結構，領會上下文邏輯關系，不要盲目選擇。閱讀時要控制時間，并著眼于整體的把握，避免支離破碎的詞的拼湊。切忌遇到生詞就查詞典，這樣會影響閱讀速度。另外，要保持良好的心態，不要急躁，只要堅持不懈，成績就會在潛移默化中提高。

　　4. 整理錯題，熟能生巧

　　每做完一篇完形之后，都應對所錯之處進行分析，總結出錯的原因，找出正確的解題思路，以逐步養成良好的解題習慣和熟練的解題技巧。