2023年6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯備考翻譯練習(xí)
練習(xí)
筷子是最能反映中國(guó)飲食文化特色和傳統(tǒng)的重要象征之一。筷子有著悠久的歷史，有關(guān)筷子的記載可以追溯到3000多年以前。無(wú)論到何時(shí)何地，中國(guó)人吃飯都很難離開(kāi)筷子。此外，筷子還可以作為禮儀、饋贈(zèng)、寄情、收藏的特殊工藝品和禮品。如今，筷子已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)在全世界很多國(guó)家的餐桌上，西方還流行起了為了您的健康，請(qǐng)您拿起筷子來(lái)的時(shí)潮。
句1：筷子是最能反映中國(guó)飲食文化特色和傳統(tǒng)的重要象征之一。
思路點(diǎn)撥：本句的句子主干為筷子是之一，譯為chopsticks are one of 最能反映中國(guó)飲食文化特色和傳統(tǒng)可處理成定語(yǔ)從句，來(lái)修飾重要象征，譯為that can most reflect the characteristics and traditions of Chinese food culture。象征譯為symbol.
譯：Chopsticks are one of the important symbols that can most reflect the characteristics and traditions of Chinese food culture.
句2：筷子有著悠久的歷史，有關(guān)筷子的記載可以追溯到3000多年以前。
思路點(diǎn)撥：本句可處理成and連接的并列句。句中悠久的可用long來(lái)表達(dá);有關(guān)的記載譯為the records of 追溯到譯為be traced back to。
Chopsticks have a long history and the records of them can be traced back to more than 3000 years ago.
句3：無(wú)論到何時(shí)何地，中國(guó)人吃飯都很難離開(kāi)筷子。
思路點(diǎn)撥：本句中無(wú)論到何時(shí)何地可處理成狀
語(yǔ);后面部分可用句型it is +形容詞+for sb. to do sth.。離開(kāi)筷子即沒(méi)有筷子，可譯為without chopsticks.
Wherever and whenever, it is hard for Chinese people to have meals without chopsticks.
句4：此外，筷子還可以作為禮儀、饋贈(zèng)、寄情、收藏的特殊工藝品和禮品。
思路點(diǎn)撥：本句中 可以作為可處理成can be used as的形式。此外可以譯為in addition; 饋贈(zèng)可譯為gifting;寄情即表達(dá)情感，可譯為expressing feelings。
In addition, chopsticks can also be used as special handicrafts and presents for etiquette, gifting, expressing feelings and collection.
難點(diǎn)注釋?zhuān)?/p>
句1：白色污染指的是塑料污染。
指的是可譯為refer to.
White pollution refers to plastic pollution.
句2：不可回收的塑料午餐盒沿途到處都是。
Unrecyclable plastic lunch boxes are all along roads.
句3：塑料購(gòu)物袋在空中飛揚(yáng)。
在空中飛揚(yáng)可譯為dance in the wind.
Plastic shopping bags dance in the wind.
句4：如果我們繼續(xù)使用這些會(huì)發(fā)生什么呢?
If we continue using them, what would happen?
句5：有一天，它們會(huì)將我們埋葬在白色垃圾堆中。
會(huì)將我們埋葬在白色垃圾堆中可譯為might bury us in an ocean of white rubbish.
One day they might bury us in an ocean of white rubbish.
句6：那時(shí)的地球我們共同的家園將成為一個(gè)垃圾桶。
Then the earth, our common homeland, would be a dustbin.
句7：為防止這個(gè)噩夢(mèng)成為現(xiàn)實(shí)，政府間應(yīng)該互相緊密合作并將口頭承諾付諸實(shí)際行動(dòng)。
為防止這個(gè)噩夢(mèng)成為現(xiàn)實(shí)譯為目的狀語(yǔ)：To prevent this nightmare from coming true; 互相緊
密合作譯為work closely with each other; 將口頭
承諾付諸實(shí)際行動(dòng)譯為back up their verbal commitment by actions.
譯：To prevent this nightmare from coming true, governments need to work closely with each other and back up their verbal commitment by actions.
練習(xí)3
句8：同時(shí)，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)從自身做起，為綠色環(huán)保出一份力。
從自身做起譯為：start from ourselves.
譯：We, as individuals, should start from ourselves to help protect the green environment.
White pollution refers to plastic pollution. Unrecyclable plastic lunch boxes are all along roads. Plastic shopping bags dance in the wind. If we continue using them, what would happen? One day they might bury us in an ocean of white rubbish. Then the earth, our common homeland, would be a dustbin. To prevent this nightmare from coming true, governments need to work closely with each other and back up their verbal commitment by actions. We, as individuals, should start from ourselves to help protect the green environment.
練習(xí)4
唐朝被歷史學(xué)家認(rèn)為是中國(guó)文明最輝煌的時(shí)期。唐朝的首都在長(zhǎng)安。在與印度和中東的交流中，在他們的促進(jìn)下，唐朝在許多領(lǐng)域里得到了長(zhǎng)足的發(fā)展。唐朝是文學(xué)和藝術(shù)的黃金時(shí)期。唐朝通過(guò)科舉制度在全國(guó)選出優(yōu)秀的儒家文人
為政府效力，而唐朝的政府體系在儒學(xué)官僚的支持下也日臻完善。公元8世紀(jì)中期，唐朝勢(shì)力開(kāi)始衰落。
難點(diǎn)注釋
句1、2：唐朝被歷史學(xué)家認(rèn)為是中國(guó)文明最輝煌的時(shí)期。唐朝的首都在長(zhǎng)安。
第一、二句在翻譯時(shí)可以整合為一句，其中唐朝的首都在長(zhǎng)安可以翻譯為定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表示。被認(rèn)為是可以譯為be regarded by as 最輝煌的時(shí)期即為鼎盛時(shí)期，可譯為a high point.
Tang Dynasty, whose capital is Changan, is regarded by historians as a high point in Chinese civilization.
句3：在與印度和中東的交流中，在他們的促進(jìn)下，唐朝在許多領(lǐng)域里得到了長(zhǎng)足的發(fā)展。
與印度和中東的交流中，在他們的促進(jìn)下可采用合譯法，即Stimulated by the contact withStimulated by the contact with India and the Middle East, the empire saw a great development in many fields.
句4：唐朝是文學(xué)和藝術(shù)的黃金時(shí)期。
譯：The Tang period was the golden age of literature and art.
句5：唐朝通過(guò)科舉制度在全國(guó)選出優(yōu)秀的儒家文人為政府效力，而唐朝的政府體系在儒學(xué)官僚的支持下也日臻完善。
此句結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜，翻譯時(shí)，首先理清句子主干：唐朝的政府體系日臻完善。前半句可以處理成一個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做原因狀語(yǔ)的形式，即Served by, serve 本意為服務(wù)，也可作效力講，與邏輯主語(yǔ)the government system of Tang Dynasty是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞形式;而其中再嵌套一個(gè)后置定語(yǔ)selected through來(lái)修飾Confucian literati;在的支持下譯為under the support of。
Served by a large class of Confucian literati selected through civil service examinations, the government system of Tang Dynasty was gradually perfected under the support of Confucian bureaucratic.
句6：公元8世紀(jì)中期，唐朝勢(shì)力開(kāi)始衰落。
譯：By the middle of the eighth century A.D., the power of Tang Dynasty began to ebb.
Tang Dynasty, whose capital is Changan, is regarded by historians as a high point in Chinese civilization. Stimulated by the contact with India and the Middle East, the empire saw a great development in many fields. The Tang period was the golden age of literature and art. Served by a large class of Confucian literati selected through civil service examinations, the government system of Tang Dynasty was gradually perfected under the support of Confucian bureaucratic. By the middle of the eighth century A.D., the power of Tang Dynasty began to ebb.
練習(xí)
筷子是最能反映中國(guó)飲食文化特色和傳統(tǒng)的重要象征之一。筷子有著悠久的歷史，有關(guān)筷子的記載可以追溯到3000多年以前。無(wú)論到何時(shí)何地，中國(guó)人吃飯都很難離開(kāi)筷子。此外，筷子還可以作為禮儀、饋贈(zèng)、寄情、收藏的特殊工藝品和禮品。如今，筷子已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)在全世界很多國(guó)家的餐桌上，西方還流行起了為了您的健康，請(qǐng)您拿起筷子來(lái)的時(shí)潮。
句1：筷子是最能反映中國(guó)飲食文化特色和傳統(tǒng)的重要象征之一。
思路點(diǎn)撥：本句的句子主干為筷子是之一，譯為chopsticks are one of 最能反映中國(guó)飲食文化特色和傳統(tǒng)可處理成定語(yǔ)從句，來(lái)修飾重要象征，譯為that can most reflect the characteristics and traditions of Chinese food culture。象征譯為symbol.
譯：Chopsticks are one of the important symbols that can most reflect the characteristics and traditions of Chinese food culture.
句2：筷子有著悠久的歷史，有關(guān)筷子的記載可以追溯到3000多年以前。
思路點(diǎn)撥：本句可處理成and連接的并列句。句中悠久的可用long來(lái)表達(dá);有關(guān)的記載譯為the records of 追溯到譯為be traced back to。
Chopsticks have a long history and the records of them can be traced back to more than 3000 years ago.
句3：無(wú)論到何時(shí)何地，中國(guó)人吃飯都很難離開(kāi)筷子。
思路點(diǎn)撥：本句中無(wú)論到何時(shí)何地可處理成狀
語(yǔ);后面部分可用句型it is +形容詞+for sb. to do sth.。離開(kāi)筷子即沒(méi)有筷子，可譯為without chopsticks.
Wherever and whenever, it is hard for Chinese people to have meals without chopsticks.
句4：此外，筷子還可以作為禮儀、饋贈(zèng)、寄情、收藏的特殊工藝品和禮品。
思路點(diǎn)撥：本句中 可以作為可處理成can be used as的形式。此外可以譯為in addition; 饋贈(zèng)可譯為gifting;寄情即表達(dá)情感，可譯為expressing feelings。
In addition, chopsticks can also be used as special handicrafts and presents for etiquette, gifting, expressing feelings and collection.
難點(diǎn)注釋?zhuān)?/p>
句1：白色污染指的是塑料污染。
指的是可譯為refer to.
White pollution refers to plastic pollution.
句2：不可回收的塑料午餐盒沿途到處都是。
Unrecyclable plastic lunch boxes are all along roads.
句3：塑料購(gòu)物袋在空中飛揚(yáng)。
在空中飛揚(yáng)可譯為dance in the wind.
Plastic shopping bags dance in the wind.
句4：如果我們繼續(xù)使用這些會(huì)發(fā)生什么呢?
If we continue using them, what would happen?
句5：有一天，它們會(huì)將我們埋葬在白色垃圾堆中。
會(huì)將我們埋葬在白色垃圾堆中可譯為might bury us in an ocean of white rubbish.
One day they might bury us in an ocean of white rubbish.
句6：那時(shí)的地球我們共同的家園將成為一個(gè)垃圾桶。
Then the earth, our common homeland, would be a dustbin.
句7：為防止這個(gè)噩夢(mèng)成為現(xiàn)實(shí)，政府間應(yīng)該互相緊密合作并將口頭承諾付諸實(shí)際行動(dòng)。
為防止這個(gè)噩夢(mèng)成為現(xiàn)實(shí)譯為目的狀語(yǔ)：To prevent this nightmare from coming true; 互相緊
密合作譯為work closely with each other; 將口頭
承諾付諸實(shí)際行動(dòng)譯為back up their verbal commitment by actions.
譯：To prevent this nightmare from coming true, governments need to work closely with each other and back up their verbal commitment by actions.
練習(xí)3
句8：同時(shí)，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)從自身做起，為綠色環(huán)保出一份力。
從自身做起譯為：start from ourselves.
譯：We, as individuals, should start from ourselves to help protect the green environment.
White pollution refers to plastic pollution. Unrecyclable plastic lunch boxes are all along roads. Plastic shopping bags dance in the wind. If we continue using them, what would happen? One day they might bury us in an ocean of white rubbish. Then the earth, our common homeland, would be a dustbin. To prevent this nightmare from coming true, governments need to work closely with each other and back up their verbal commitment by actions. We, as individuals, should start from ourselves to help protect the green environment.
練習(xí)4
唐朝被歷史學(xué)家認(rèn)為是中國(guó)文明最輝煌的時(shí)期。唐朝的首都在長(zhǎng)安。在與印度和中東的交流中，在他們的促進(jìn)下，唐朝在許多領(lǐng)域里得到了長(zhǎng)足的發(fā)展。唐朝是文學(xué)和藝術(shù)的黃金時(shí)期。唐朝通過(guò)科舉制度在全國(guó)選出優(yōu)秀的儒家文人
為政府效力，而唐朝的政府體系在儒學(xué)官僚的支持下也日臻完善。公元8世紀(jì)中期，唐朝勢(shì)力開(kāi)始衰落。
難點(diǎn)注釋
句1、2：唐朝被歷史學(xué)家認(rèn)為是中國(guó)文明最輝煌的時(shí)期。唐朝的首都在長(zhǎng)安。
第一、二句在翻譯時(shí)可以整合為一句，其中唐朝的首都在長(zhǎng)安可以翻譯為定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表示。被認(rèn)為是可以譯為be regarded by as 最輝煌的時(shí)期即為鼎盛時(shí)期，可譯為a high point.
Tang Dynasty, whose capital is Changan, is regarded by historians as a high point in Chinese civilization.
句3：在與印度和中東的交流中，在他們的促進(jìn)下，唐朝在許多領(lǐng)域里得到了長(zhǎng)足的發(fā)展。
與印度和中東的交流中，在他們的促進(jìn)下可采用合譯法，即Stimulated by the contact withStimulated by the contact with India and the Middle East, the empire saw a great development in many fields.
句4：唐朝是文學(xué)和藝術(shù)的黃金時(shí)期。
譯：The Tang period was the golden age of literature and art.
句5：唐朝通過(guò)科舉制度在全國(guó)選出優(yōu)秀的儒家文人為政府效力，而唐朝的政府體系在儒學(xué)官僚的支持下也日臻完善。
此句結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜，翻譯時(shí)，首先理清句子主干：唐朝的政府體系日臻完善。前半句可以處理成一個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做原因狀語(yǔ)的形式，即Served by, serve 本意為服務(wù)，也可作效力講，與邏輯主語(yǔ)the government system of Tang Dynasty是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞形式;而其中再嵌套一個(gè)后置定語(yǔ)selected through來(lái)修飾Confucian literati;在的支持下譯為under the support of。
Served by a large class of Confucian literati selected through civil service examinations, the government system of Tang Dynasty was gradually perfected under the support of Confucian bureaucratic.
句6：公元8世紀(jì)中期，唐朝勢(shì)力開(kāi)始衰落。
譯：By the middle of the eighth century A.D., the power of Tang Dynasty began to ebb.
Tang Dynasty, whose capital is Changan, is regarded by historians as a high point in Chinese civilization. Stimulated by the contact with India and the Middle East, the empire saw a great development in many fields. The Tang period was the golden age of literature and art. Served by a large class of Confucian literati selected through civil service examinations, the government system of Tang Dynasty was gradually perfected under the support of Confucian bureaucratic. By the middle of the eighth century A.D., the power of Tang Dynasty began to ebb.
