12月英語四級（CET4）翻譯新題型練習題精講
練習1
中國烹飪文化是中國文化中有關烹飪和休閑的重要組成部分。中國悠久的歷史、廣袤的疆土、好客的習俗孕育了這一獨特藝術。中餐以其色、香、味、形俱全而著稱。它講究原料的選配、食物的質地、佐料的調制、切菜的刀功、適時的烹調以及裝盤藝術。最負盛名的菜系有南方粵菜、北方魯菜、東部淮揚菜和西部川菜，以南淡北咸，東甜西辣見稱。
句1：中國烹飪文化是中國文化中有關烹飪和休閑的重要組成部分。
思路點撥：是結構的句子可以翻譯成使用be動詞的主系表結構本句中雖然給出的時有關，但仔細揣摩其意思應該是在方面，故譯為in the aspect of.
Chinese cuisine culture is an important part of Chinese culture in the aspect of cooking and leisure.
句2：中國悠久的歷史、廣袤的疆土、好客的習俗孕育了這一獨特藝術。
思路點撥：本句的主語是三個并列的偏正短語，如果按照原有的語序翻譯成英文。則主語太長，不符合英語的表達習慣。因此，本句翻譯時應該將主語和賓語互換，同時將孕育了意譯為oweto，三個并列的短語作介詞to的賓語。
This unique art owes itself to the long history, vast territory and hospitable tradition of China.
句3：中餐以其色、香、味、形俱全而著稱。
思路點撥：本句中以而著稱用be famous for來表示;形不是形狀，而是外觀，應譯為appearance; 俱全譯為perfect combination of.
Chinese food is famous for its perfect combination of color, aroma, taste and appearance.
句4：它講究原料的選配、食物的質地、佐料的調制、切菜的刀功、適時的烹調以及裝盤藝術。
思路點撥：本句中講究即是注重，故譯為gives emphasis to; 質地不是質量，不可譯為quality, 應譯為texture. 佐料的調制、切菜的刀功、適時的烹調和裝盤藝術依次譯為the blending of seasonings、slicing techniques、the perfect timing of cooking和the art of laying out the food on the plate.
It gives emphasis to the selection of raw materials, the texture of food, the blending of seasonings, slicing techniques, the perfect timing of cooking and the art of laying out the food on the plate.
句5：最負盛名的菜系有南方粵菜、北方魯菜、東部淮揚菜和西部川菜，以南淡北咸，東甜西辣見稱。
思路點撥：本句可用介詞Among置于句首的倒裝句型，表示眾多最負盛名的菜系有后半句是對前半句內容的補充說明，可以用過去分詞短語noted as這種非謂語動詞來取消句子的獨立性，同時也增 加了句子的節奏感。菜系即是派別，用school較為合適，不可以譯為其他詞匯。原文中雖沒有味道二字，但稍微注意一下便可得知南淡北咸，東甜西辣說的就是味道，所以翻譯時應把味道翻 譯出來。
Among the best-known schools of cuisine are the Cantonese cuisine of the south, the Shandong cuisine of the north, the Huai-Yang cuisine of the east and the Sichuan cuisine of the west, noted as the light flavor of the south, the salty flavor of the north, the sweet flavor of the east and the spicy-hot flavor of the west.
練習2
筷子是最能反映中國飲食文化特色和傳統的重要象征之一?？曜佑兄凭玫臍v史，有關筷子的記載可以追溯到3000多年以前。無論到何時何地，中國人吃飯都很難離開筷子。此外，筷子還可以作為禮儀、饋贈、寄情、收藏的特殊工藝品和禮品。如今，筷子已經出現在全世界很多國家的餐桌上，西方還流行起了為了您的健康，請您拿起筷子來的時潮。
句1：筷子是最能反映中國飲食文化特色和傳統的重要象征之一。
思路點撥：本句的句子主干為筷子是之一，譯為chopsticks are one of 最能反映中國飲食文化特色和傳統可處理成定語從句，來修飾重要象征，譯為that can most reflect the characteristics and traditions of Chinese food culture。象征譯為symbol.
譯：Chopsticks are one of the important symbols that can most reflect the characteristics and traditions of Chinese food culture.
句2：筷子有著悠久的歷史，有關筷子的記載可以追溯到3000多年以前。
思路點撥：本句可處理成and連接的并列句。句中悠久的可用long來表達;有關的記載譯為the records of 追溯到譯為be traced back to。
Chopsticks have a long history and the records of them can be traced back to more than 3000 years ago.
句3：無論到何時何地，中國人吃飯都很難離開筷子。
思路點撥：本句中無論到何時何地可處理成狀
語;后面部分可用句型it is +形容詞+for sb. to do sth.。離開筷子即沒有筷子，可譯為without chopsticks.
Wherever and whenever, it is hard for Chinese people to have meals without chopsticks.
句4：此外，筷子還可以作為禮儀、饋贈、寄情、收藏的特殊工藝品和禮品。
思路點撥：本句中 可以作為可處理成can be used as的形式。此外可以譯為in addition; 饋贈可譯為gifting;寄情即表達情感，可譯為expressing feelings。
In addition, chopsticks can also be used as special handicrafts and presents for etiquette, gifting, expressing feelings and collection.
難點注釋：
句1：白色污染指的是塑料污染。
指的是可譯為refer to.
White pollution refers to plastic pollution.
句2：不可回收的塑料午餐盒沿途到處都是。
Unrecyclable plastic lunch boxes are all along roads.
句3：塑料購物袋在空中飛揚。
在空中飛揚可譯為dance in the wind.
Plastic shopping bags dance in the wind.
句4：如果我們繼續使用這些會發生什么呢?
If we continue using them, what would happen?
句5：有一天，它們會將我們埋葬在白色垃圾堆中。
會將我們埋葬在白色垃圾堆中可譯為might bury us in an ocean of white rubbish.
One day they might bury us in an ocean of white rubbish.
句6：那時的地球我們共同的家園將成為一個垃圾桶。
Then the earth, our common homeland, would be a dustbin.
句7：為防止這個噩夢成為現實，政府間應該互相緊密合作并將口頭承諾付諸實際行動。
為防止這個噩夢成為現實譯為目的狀語：To prevent this nightmare from coming true; 互相緊
密合作譯為work closely with each other; 將口頭
承諾付諸實際行動譯為back up their verbal commitment by actions.
譯：To prevent this nightmare from coming true, governments need to work closely with each other and back up their verbal commitment by actions.
練習3
句8：同時，我們應當從自身做起，為綠色環保出一份力。
從自身做起譯為：start from ourselves.
譯：We, as individuals, should start from ourselves to help protect the green environment.
White pollution refers to plastic pollution. Unrecyclable plastic lunch boxes are all along roads. Plastic shopping bags dance in the wind. If we continue using them, what would happen? One day they might bury us in an ocean of white rubbish. Then the earth, our common homeland, would be a dustbin. To prevent this nightmare from coming true, governments need to work closely with each other and back up their verbal commitment by actions. We, as individuals, should start from ourselves to help protect the green environment.
練習4
唐朝被歷史學家認為是中國文明最輝煌的時期。唐朝的首都在長安。在與印度和中東的交流中，在他們的促進下，唐朝在許多領域里得到了長足的發展。唐朝是文學和藝術的黃金時期。唐朝通過科舉制度在全國選出優秀的儒家文人為政府效力，而唐朝的政府體系在儒學官僚的支持下也日臻完善。公元8世紀中期，唐朝勢力開始衰落。
難點注釋
句1、2：唐朝被歷史學家認為是中國文明最輝煌的時期。唐朝的首都在長安。
第一、二句在翻譯時可以整合為一句，其中唐朝的首都在長安可以翻譯為定語從句來表示。被認為是可以譯為be regarded by as 最輝煌的時期即為鼎盛時期，可譯為a high point.
Tang Dynasty, whose capital is Changan, is regarded by historians as a high point in Chinese civilization.
句3：在與印度和中東的交流中，在他們的促進下，唐朝在許多領域里得到了長足的發展。
與印度和中東的交流中，在他們的促進下可采用合譯法，即Stimulated by the contact withStimulated by the contact with India and the Middle East, the empire saw a great development in many fields.
句4：唐朝是文學和藝術的黃金時期。
譯：The Tang period was the golden age of literature and art.
句5：唐朝通過科舉制度在全國選出優秀的儒家文人為政府效力，而唐朝的政府體系在儒學官僚的支持下也日臻完善。
此句結構較為復雜，翻譯時，首先理清句子主干：唐朝的政府體系日臻完善。前半句可以處理成一個非謂語動詞做原因狀語的形式，即Served by, serve 本意為服務，也可作效力講，與邏輯主語the government system of Tang Dynasty是動賓關系，故用過去分詞形式;而其中再嵌套一個后置定語selected through來修飾Confucian literati;在的支持下譯為under the support of。
Served by a large class of Confucian literati selected through civil service examinations, the government system of Tang Dynasty was gradually perfected under the support of Confucian bureaucratic.
句6：公元8世紀中期，唐朝勢力開始衰落。
譯：By the middle of the eighth century A.D., the power of Tang Dynasty began to ebb.
Tang Dynasty, whose capital is Changan, is regarded by historians as a high point in Chinese civilization. Stimulated by the contact with India and the Middle East, the empire saw a great development in many fields. The Tang period was the golden age of literature and art. Served by a large class of Confucian literati selected through civil service examinations, the government system of Tang Dynasty was gradually perfected under the support of Confucian bureaucratic. By the middle of the eighth century A.D., the power of Tang Dynasty began to ebb.
練習1
中國烹飪文化是中國文化中有關烹飪和休閑的重要組成部分。中國悠久的歷史、廣袤的疆土、好客的習俗孕育了這一獨特藝術。中餐以其色、香、味、形俱全而著稱。它講究原料的選配、食物的質地、佐料的調制、切菜的刀功、適時的烹調以及裝盤藝術。最負盛名的菜系有南方粵菜、北方魯菜、東部淮揚菜和西部川菜，以南淡北咸，東甜西辣見稱。
句1：中國烹飪文化是中國文化中有關烹飪和休閑的重要組成部分。
思路點撥：是結構的句子可以翻譯成使用be動詞的主系表結構本句中雖然給出的時有關，但仔細揣摩其意思應該是在方面，故譯為in the aspect of.
Chinese cuisine culture is an important part of Chinese culture in the aspect of cooking and leisure.
句2：中國悠久的歷史、廣袤的疆土、好客的習俗孕育了這一獨特藝術。
思路點撥：本句的主語是三個并列的偏正短語，如果按照原有的語序翻譯成英文。則主語太長，不符合英語的表達習慣。因此，本句翻譯時應該將主語和賓語互換，同時將孕育了意譯為oweto，三個并列的短語作介詞to的賓語。
This unique art owes itself to the long history, vast territory and hospitable tradition of China.
句3：中餐以其色、香、味、形俱全而著稱。
思路點撥：本句中以而著稱用be famous for來表示;形不是形狀，而是外觀，應譯為appearance; 俱全譯為perfect combination of.
Chinese food is famous for its perfect combination of color, aroma, taste and appearance.
句4：它講究原料的選配、食物的質地、佐料的調制、切菜的刀功、適時的烹調以及裝盤藝術。
思路點撥：本句中講究即是注重，故譯為gives emphasis to; 質地不是質量，不可譯為quality, 應譯為texture. 佐料的調制、切菜的刀功、適時的烹調和裝盤藝術依次譯為the blending of seasonings、slicing techniques、the perfect timing of cooking和the art of laying out the food on the plate.
It gives emphasis to the selection of raw materials, the texture of food, the blending of seasonings, slicing techniques, the perfect timing of cooking and the art of laying out the food on the plate.
句5：最負盛名的菜系有南方粵菜、北方魯菜、東部淮揚菜和西部川菜，以南淡北咸，東甜西辣見稱。
思路點撥：本句可用介詞Among置于句首的倒裝句型，表示眾多最負盛名的菜系有后半句是對前半句內容的補充說明，可以用過去分詞短語noted as這種非謂語動詞來取消句子的獨立性，同時也增 加了句子的節奏感。菜系即是派別，用school較為合適，不可以譯為其他詞匯。原文中雖沒有味道二字，但稍微注意一下便可得知南淡北咸，東甜西辣說的就是味道，所以翻譯時應把味道翻 譯出來。
Among the best-known schools of cuisine are the Cantonese cuisine of the south, the Shandong cuisine of the north, the Huai-Yang cuisine of the east and the Sichuan cuisine of the west, noted as the light flavor of the south, the salty flavor of the north, the sweet flavor of the east and the spicy-hot flavor of the west.
練習2
筷子是最能反映中國飲食文化特色和傳統的重要象征之一。筷子有著悠久的歷史，有關筷子的記載可以追溯到3000多年以前。無論到何時何地，中國人吃飯都很難離開筷子。此外，筷子還可以作為禮儀、饋贈、寄情、收藏的特殊工藝品和禮品。如今，筷子已經出現在全世界很多國家的餐桌上，西方還流行起了為了您的健康，請您拿起筷子來的時潮。
句1：筷子是最能反映中國飲食文化特色和傳統的重要象征之一。
思路點撥：本句的句子主干為筷子是之一，譯為chopsticks are one of 最能反映中國飲食文化特色和傳統可處理成定語從句，來修飾重要象征，譯為that can most reflect the characteristics and traditions of Chinese food culture。象征譯為symbol.
譯：Chopsticks are one of the important symbols that can most reflect the characteristics and traditions of Chinese food culture.
句2：筷子有著悠久的歷史，有關筷子的記載可以追溯到3000多年以前。
思路點撥：本句可處理成and連接的并列句。句中悠久的可用long來表達;有關的記載譯為the records of 追溯到譯為be traced back to。
Chopsticks have a long history and the records of them can be traced back to more than 3000 years ago.
句3：無論到何時何地，中國人吃飯都很難離開筷子。
思路點撥：本句中無論到何時何地可處理成狀
語;后面部分可用句型it is +形容詞+for sb. to do sth.。離開筷子即沒有筷子，可譯為without chopsticks.
Wherever and whenever, it is hard for Chinese people to have meals without chopsticks.
句4：此外，筷子還可以作為禮儀、饋贈、寄情、收藏的特殊工藝品和禮品。
思路點撥：本句中 可以作為可處理成can be used as的形式。此外可以譯為in addition; 饋贈可譯為gifting;寄情即表達情感，可譯為expressing feelings。
In addition, chopsticks can also be used as special handicrafts and presents for etiquette, gifting, expressing feelings and collection.
難點注釋：
句1：白色污染指的是塑料污染。
指的是可譯為refer to.
White pollution refers to plastic pollution.
句2：不可回收的塑料午餐盒沿途到處都是。
Unrecyclable plastic lunch boxes are all along roads.
句3：塑料購物袋在空中飛揚。
在空中飛揚可譯為dance in the wind.
Plastic shopping bags dance in the wind.
句4：如果我們繼續使用這些會發生什么呢?
If we continue using them, what would happen?
句5：有一天，它們會將我們埋葬在白色垃圾堆中。
會將我們埋葬在白色垃圾堆中可譯為might bury us in an ocean of white rubbish.
One day they might bury us in an ocean of white rubbish.
句6：那時的地球我們共同的家園將成為一個垃圾桶。
Then the earth, our common homeland, would be a dustbin.
句7：為防止這個噩夢成為現實，政府間應該互相緊密合作并將口頭承諾付諸實際行動。
為防止這個噩夢成為現實譯為目的狀語：To prevent this nightmare from coming true; 互相緊
密合作譯為work closely with each other; 將口頭
承諾付諸實際行動譯為back up their verbal commitment by actions.
譯：To prevent this nightmare from coming true, governments need to work closely with each other and back up their verbal commitment by actions.
練習3
句8：同時，我們應當從自身做起，為綠色環保出一份力。
從自身做起譯為：start from ourselves.
譯：We, as individuals, should start from ourselves to help protect the green environment.
White pollution refers to plastic pollution. Unrecyclable plastic lunch boxes are all along roads. Plastic shopping bags dance in the wind. If we continue using them, what would happen? One day they might bury us in an ocean of white rubbish. Then the earth, our common homeland, would be a dustbin. To prevent this nightmare from coming true, governments need to work closely with each other and back up their verbal commitment by actions. We, as individuals, should start from ourselves to help protect the green environment.
練習4
唐朝被歷史學家認為是中國文明最輝煌的時期。唐朝的首都在長安。在與印度和中東的交流中，在他們的促進下，唐朝在許多領域里得到了長足的發展。唐朝是文學和藝術的黃金時期。唐朝通過科舉制度在全國選出優秀的儒家文人為政府效力，而唐朝的政府體系在儒學官僚的支持下也日臻完善。公元8世紀中期，唐朝勢力開始衰落。
難點注釋
句1、2：唐朝被歷史學家認為是中國文明最輝煌的時期。唐朝的首都在長安。
第一、二句在翻譯時可以整合為一句，其中唐朝的首都在長安可以翻譯為定語從句來表示。被認為是可以譯為be regarded by as 最輝煌的時期即為鼎盛時期，可譯為a high point.
Tang Dynasty, whose capital is Changan, is regarded by historians as a high point in Chinese civilization.
句3：在與印度和中東的交流中，在他們的促進下，唐朝在許多領域里得到了長足的發展。
與印度和中東的交流中，在他們的促進下可采用合譯法，即Stimulated by the contact withStimulated by the contact with India and the Middle East, the empire saw a great development in many fields.
句4：唐朝是文學和藝術的黃金時期。
譯：The Tang period was the golden age of literature and art.
句5：唐朝通過科舉制度在全國選出優秀的儒家文人為政府效力，而唐朝的政府體系在儒學官僚的支持下也日臻完善。
此句結構較為復雜，翻譯時，首先理清句子主干：唐朝的政府體系日臻完善。前半句可以處理成一個非謂語動詞做原因狀語的形式，即Served by, serve 本意為服務，也可作效力講，與邏輯主語the government system of Tang Dynasty是動賓關系，故用過去分詞形式;而其中再嵌套一個后置定語selected through來修飾Confucian literati;在的支持下譯為under the support of。
Served by a large class of Confucian literati selected through civil service examinations, the government system of Tang Dynasty was gradually perfected under the support of Confucian bureaucratic.
句6：公元8世紀中期，唐朝勢力開始衰落。
譯：By the middle of the eighth century A.D., the power of Tang Dynasty began to ebb.
Tang Dynasty, whose capital is Changan, is regarded by historians as a high point in Chinese civilization. Stimulated by the contact with India and the Middle East, the empire saw a great development in many fields. The Tang period was the golden age of literature and art. Served by a large class of Confucian literati selected through civil service examinations, the government system of Tang Dynasty was gradually perfected under the support of Confucian bureaucratic. By the middle of the eighth century A.D., the power of Tang Dynasty began to ebb.
