大學英語四級考試翻譯提高練習題及分析
第三部分 翻譯特訓練習與答案
訓練二
1. This substance _______________.
2. Be quick, _______________.
3. The war went on for years, _______________.
4. ，we cannot tolerate this disloyalty.
5. The population of elderly people is increasing rapidly because people are living longer than before___ .
6. _______________is the modern science and technology.
7. A student must treasure his time and ________________to lay a solid foundation for his future career.
8. For students eager to be useful to society, ________________ --studying there is like bathing yourself in the oceans of knowledge.
9. As for Williams, .
10. Only under special circumstances, .
11. It has been proved that .
12. A lot of people nowadays have muscular problems in the neck, the shoulders and the back _____ .
13. More than 3 million children have health insurance now, and ___ .
14. ____ to set up a branch office in the suburbs.
15. The emergence of e-commerce and the fast-growing Internet economy are ___ .
答案與解析
1.【答案】reacts three times as fast as the other one
本題考查倍數的表達方式。倍數表達法有三種：A倍數+原級 B 倍數+比較級C倍數+名詞短語。例如：和的三倍一樣長可以譯為：
A.three times as long as B.twice longer than C.three times the length of
2.【答案】or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church
將來完成時。
3.【答案】killing thousands upon thousands of people
分詞作結果狀語。
4.【答案】Whatever be the reasons for it
whatever無論是什么引導的狀語從句。
5.【答案】especially in developed countries
發達國家和發展中國家的表達方式分別為developed country, developing country。
6.【答案】What makes the world develop so fast
根據句子各部分語法功能判斷，我們在這里需要的是一個主語，因此必須將需填入部分譯成what引導的主語從句，全句意思為：什么讓世界發展如此之快是現代科技。
7.【答案】absorb as much knowledge as he can
本句意為：學生應該珍惜寶貴時間并吸收盡可能多的知識以便為將來事業打下堅實的基礎。吸收可選用absorb，drink in，take in.盡可能多的譯為as many as或as much as，具體要看句中名詞是可數還是不可數。lay a foundation for表示為打下基礎。
8.【答案】nowhere is education better than in college
沒有任何地方譯成nowhere，但nowhere是一個表示否定的詞，后面要采取部分倒裝的形式，所以把is置于主語education之前。
9.【答案】he would sooner die than do such a thing
主語+would sooner+動詞原形+than+動詞原形表示兩者比較寧愿做，也不愿意做另一件，強調意愿。該句型還有另外一種形式：Sooner than +動詞原形，主語+would+動詞原形。主要是用于強調所比的對象，主句雖然放在后面，但不用倒裝。
10.【答案】are students permitted to graduate in advance
①句首是Only +介詞短語，后面應用倒裝句式，屬于部分倒裝，系動詞+主語+其他;②are permitted to表示被允許做③in advance表示提前。
11.【答案】the color of our skin is due to heredity
①the color of our skin表示膚色②due to表示取決于③heredity表示遺傳，特指生物遺傳;heritage 使用最廣泛，不僅指一般的遺產，也指世代相傳的具有特色的精神財富或物質財富;inheritance 指繼承這一行為，不指繼承的東西，為抽象名詞。
12.【答案】mainly due to stress and tension in their work
stress做名詞時，意思偏于精神方面的壓力;請注意以下詞的區別：pressure偏于物理方面的壓力;tension指緊張，nervousness指神經過敏;由于的表達有owing to，due to，thanks to，on account of等。
13.【答案】more than two and a half million families have been lifted out of poverty
這題主要是對較大數字以及擺脫的翻譯考查。250萬譯為2.5million或two and a half million都可以;另外擺脫也有多種表達：get rid of，lift out等，或簡單地用out表達。
14.【答案】All the members except the Chairman voted for my proposal
本題要注意vote to 和vote for的區別，vote to是指支持某人，投票給某人，而vote for不單指投票，并是贊成某人。for有贊成的意味，另反對可以相應表達為against。
15.【答案】providing new growth opportunities for Chinas foreign and domestic trade
主要是國內外貿易-Chinas foreign and domestic trade這個表達的掌握。
第三部分 翻譯特訓練習與答案
訓練二
1. This substance _______________.
2. Be quick, _______________.
3. The war went on for years, _______________.
4. ，we cannot tolerate this disloyalty.
5. The population of elderly people is increasing rapidly because people are living longer than before___ .
6. _______________is the modern science and technology.
7. A student must treasure his time and ________________to lay a solid foundation for his future career.
8. For students eager to be useful to society, ________________ --studying there is like bathing yourself in the oceans of knowledge.
9. As for Williams, .
10. Only under special circumstances, .
11. It has been proved that .
12. A lot of people nowadays have muscular problems in the neck, the shoulders and the back _____ .
13. More than 3 million children have health insurance now, and ___ .
14. ____ to set up a branch office in the suburbs.
15. The emergence of e-commerce and the fast-growing Internet economy are ___ .
答案與解析
1.【答案】reacts three times as fast as the other one
本題考查倍數的表達方式。倍數表達法有三種：A倍數+原級 B 倍數+比較級C倍數+名詞短語。例如：和的三倍一樣長可以譯為：
A.three times as long as B.twice longer than C.three times the length of
2.【答案】or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church
將來完成時。
3.【答案】killing thousands upon thousands of people
分詞作結果狀語。
4.【答案】Whatever be the reasons for it
whatever無論是什么引導的狀語從句。
5.【答案】especially in developed countries
發達國家和發展中國家的表達方式分別為developed country, developing country。
6.【答案】What makes the world develop so fast
根據句子各部分語法功能判斷，我們在這里需要的是一個主語，因此必須將需填入部分譯成what引導的主語從句，全句意思為：什么讓世界發展如此之快是現代科技。
7.【答案】absorb as much knowledge as he can
本句意為：學生應該珍惜寶貴時間并吸收盡可能多的知識以便為將來事業打下堅實的基礎。吸收可選用absorb，drink in，take in.盡可能多的譯為as many as或as much as，具體要看句中名詞是可數還是不可數。lay a foundation for表示為打下基礎。
8.【答案】nowhere is education better than in college
沒有任何地方譯成nowhere，但nowhere是一個表示否定的詞，后面要采取部分倒裝的形式，所以把is置于主語education之前。
9.【答案】he would sooner die than do such a thing
主語+would sooner+動詞原形+than+動詞原形表示兩者比較寧愿做，也不愿意做另一件，強調意愿。該句型還有另外一種形式：Sooner than +動詞原形，主語+would+動詞原形。主要是用于強調所比的對象，主句雖然放在后面，但不用倒裝。
10.【答案】are students permitted to graduate in advance
①句首是Only +介詞短語，后面應用倒裝句式，屬于部分倒裝，系動詞+主語+其他;②are permitted to表示被允許做③in advance表示提前。
11.【答案】the color of our skin is due to heredity
①the color of our skin表示膚色②due to表示取決于③heredity表示遺傳，特指生物遺傳;heritage 使用最廣泛，不僅指一般的遺產，也指世代相傳的具有特色的精神財富或物質財富;inheritance 指繼承這一行為，不指繼承的東西，為抽象名詞。
12.【答案】mainly due to stress and tension in their work
stress做名詞時，意思偏于精神方面的壓力;請注意以下詞的區別：pressure偏于物理方面的壓力;tension指緊張，nervousness指神經過敏;由于的表達有owing to，due to，thanks to，on account of等。
13.【答案】more than two and a half million families have been lifted out of poverty
這題主要是對較大數字以及擺脫的翻譯考查。250萬譯為2.5million或two and a half million都可以;另外擺脫也有多種表達：get rid of，lift out等，或簡單地用out表達。
14.【答案】All the members except the Chairman voted for my proposal
本題要注意vote to 和vote for的區別，vote to是指支持某人，投票給某人，而vote for不單指投票，并是贊成某人。for有贊成的意味，另反對可以相應表達為against。
15.【答案】providing new growth opportunities for Chinas foreign and domestic trade
主要是國內外貿易-Chinas foreign and domestic trade這個表達的掌握。
