英語四級真題閱讀長難句的分析（二十）
78. Traffic control systems and methods of construction developed under the interstate program soon influenced highway construction around the world, and were invaluable in improving the condition of urban streets and traffic patterns.
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為 system and methods influenced construction and were invaluable。第二個and連接兩個并列謂語。developed under the interstate program 是過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾 systems和methods。
【譯文】在州際公路項目下發展的交通控制系統以及建筑方式很快影響到了世界范圍公路的建設，并為改善城市街道和交通模式起到了重要作用。
79. By opening the North American continent, highways have enabled consumer goods and services to reach people in remote and rural areas of the country, spurred the growth of suburbs, and provided people with greater options in terms of jobs, access to cultural programs, health care, and other benefits.
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為highways have enabled to reach people, spurred the growth, and provided people with options。By opening the North American continent 是方式狀語。
【譯文】通過開通北美洲路線，公路使得消費品和服務能夠到達住在邊遠地區和農村地區的人們那里，刺激周邊地區經濟發展，為人們提供更多選擇，如工作、文化活動、保健及其他福利。
80. The technological advances made it possible for the middle classes to enjoy what had once been affordable only to the very rich.
【分析】本句為復合句。句子主干為technological advances made it possible to enjoy 。it作形式賓語，真正的賓語是to enjoy what had once been affordable only to the very rich。what 引導的從句作enjoy的賓語。possible 是made的賓語補足語。
【譯文】技術上的進步使中產階級也能享受到那些原來只有有錢人才負擔得起的東西。
81. The clock, called Sleep Smart, measures your sleep cycle, and waits for you to be in your lightest phase of sleep before rousing you.
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為 The clock measures cycle and waits，兩個謂語并列平行。called Sleep Smart 是過去分詞短語作定語，修飾 clock, 表示被動。現在分詞短語 before rousing you 作時間狀語，相當于一個從句：before it rouses you。
【譯文】這種稱做 睡精靈 的鬧鐘可以測量睡眠周期，等待人們進入淺眠狀態后才將其喚醒。
78. Traffic control systems and methods of construction developed under the interstate program soon influenced highway construction around the world, and were invaluable in improving the condition of urban streets and traffic patterns.
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為 system and methods influenced construction and were invaluable。第二個and連接兩個并列謂語。developed under the interstate program 是過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾 systems和methods。
【譯文】在州際公路項目下發展的交通控制系統以及建筑方式很快影響到了世界范圍公路的建設，并為改善城市街道和交通模式起到了重要作用。
79. By opening the North American continent, highways have enabled consumer goods and services to reach people in remote and rural areas of the country, spurred the growth of suburbs, and provided people with greater options in terms of jobs, access to cultural programs, health care, and other benefits.
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為highways have enabled to reach people, spurred the growth, and provided people with options。By opening the North American continent 是方式狀語。
【譯文】通過開通北美洲路線，公路使得消費品和服務能夠到達住在邊遠地區和農村地區的人們那里，刺激周邊地區經濟發展，為人們提供更多選擇，如工作、文化活動、保健及其他福利。
80. The technological advances made it possible for the middle classes to enjoy what had once been affordable only to the very rich.
【分析】本句為復合句。句子主干為technological advances made it possible to enjoy 。it作形式賓語，真正的賓語是to enjoy what had once been affordable only to the very rich。what 引導的從句作enjoy的賓語。possible 是made的賓語補足語。
【譯文】技術上的進步使中產階級也能享受到那些原來只有有錢人才負擔得起的東西。
81. The clock, called Sleep Smart, measures your sleep cycle, and waits for you to be in your lightest phase of sleep before rousing you.
【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為 The clock measures cycle and waits，兩個謂語并列平行。called Sleep Smart 是過去分詞短語作定語，修飾 clock, 表示被動。現在分詞短語 before rousing you 作時間狀語，相當于一個從句：before it rouses you。
【譯文】這種稱做 睡精靈 的鬧鐘可以測量睡眠周期，等待人們進入淺眠狀態后才將其喚醒。
