2023考研英語閱讀理解長難句解析50句二
閱讀最難的就是長難句的理解，在線小編整理了2023長難句解析50句，希望考研考生可以通過長難句解析來提高理解能力。 11. This is the world out of which grows the hope, for the first time in history, of a society where there will be freedom from want and freedom from fear. 【結構分析】句中的定語從句out of which grows the hope..是完全倒裝句。主語the hope of a society和定語where there will be.. .fear較長，置于動詞grows之后。由于限制性定語從句out of which grows the hope., .of a society與主句關系緊密，所以采用融合法將This is the world...of a society譯成一個單句。where引導的定語從句太長，可用后置法譯成一個單句。 【語法難點】完全倒裝句;插入語;where引導定語從句，此時不能用that。 【詞匯知識】free from沒有的，免除不受拘束的 [同例]keep from避開;禁止;隱瞞;克制 【參考譯文】這是歷史上首次出現的一個給人以希望的世界。在這個世界上有希望誕生一個 沒有貧困、沒有暴力的社會。 12. Why does cream go bad faster than butter? Some researchers think they have the answer, and it comes down to the structure of the food, not its chemical compositiona finding that could help rid some processed foods of chemical preservatives. 【結構分析】句子主干為researchers think...and it comes down:。破折號后面的部分是answer的同位語;that could help是finding的定語從句。 【語法難點】同位語從句的分列式表達法。 【詞匯知識】come down to歸結為，涉及到，變為 rid...of使擺脫，使去掉 process v.加工，處理 【參考譯文】為什么奶酪會比黃油更容易變質?一些研究者認為他們已經找到了答案，并將其歸結為食物的構成，不是化學成分這一發現能使有些加工食品不再使用化學防腐劑。 13. Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with inbuilt personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell television, and digital age will have arrived. 【結構分析】句子框架為 Children will play with dolls..., computerswill be regarded as workmates..., relaxation will be in front of smell television, and digital age will have arrived. ,其中 equipped with personality chips 是做定語的分詞短語，修飾 dolls 【語法難點】多重并列句。 【詞匯知識】chip 碎片;油煎土豆片;集成電路塊;[計]芯片 inbuilt內置式的 rather than不是別的而是 【參考譯文】兒童將與裝有個性化芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍，具有個性內置的計算機將被視為工作伙伴而不是工具，人們將在氣味電視機前休閑，那時數字化時代就來到了。 14. And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can by no means be compared with these processes, and that they have to be required by a sort of special training. 【結構分析】本句結構為形式主語it引導兩個由that引導的并列主語。 【語法難點】原文中有三個被動語態is imagined, be compared和be required,.譯成漢語變成主動表達：認為、相比和掌握。 【詞匯知識】by no means決不，一點也不 by all means 當然可以，沒問題 by any means [口]用一切可能的方法或手段 by means of通過;.用;借助于 【參考譯文】許多人認為，普通人的思維活動根本無法與科學家的思維活動相比，認為這些思維活動必須經過某種專門訓練才能掌握。 15. It is not that the scales in the one case, and the balance in the other, differ in the principles of their construction or manner of working; but that the latter is a much finer apparatus and of course much more accurate in its measurement than the former. 【結構分析】本句為it引導一個表語從句，表語從句為not that, but that連接的并列復合句中后置修飾語較多。 【語法難點】句型not that ...but that ...;代詞的替代關系。 【詞匯知識】the former ...the latter , 【參考譯文】這并不是說面包師或賣肉者所用的磅秤和化學家所用的天秤在構造原理和工作方法上存在多少差別，而是說與前者相比，后者是一種更為精密的儀器， 在計量上必然比前者準確得多。 16. How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. 【結構分析】How...performance為主語從句，depends upon為謂語動詞。with which引導定語從句，修飾 skill and wisdom; which 指 skill and wisdom;在本句中 it 指代information。 【語法難點】主語從句;介詞+which引導定語從句，其中介詞一般取決于后面從句中的動詞搭配或形容詞搭配，或取決于先行詞。 【詞匯知識】validate vt.[律]使有效，使生效，確認，證實，驗證 validity n.有效性，合法性，正確性 depend on/upon依靠;由而定，取決于;從屬于;依賴其維持 reliability n.可靠性;可信賴[比較]liability責任;傾向;債務 appropriate a.適當的 【參考譯文】這些測試在多大程度上能被后來的表現所證實，這取決于所采用的信息的數量、 可靠性和適應性，以及解釋這些信息的技能和才智。 17. You have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction and deduction, that by the help of these operations, they, in a sort of sense, manage to extract from Nature certain natural laws, and that out of these, by some special skill of their own, they build up their theories. 【結構分析】本句為帶有三個由that引導的賓語從句的主從復合句。it為形式賓語，代替三個真正的賓語從句，句中有許多介詞短語做狀語。 【語法難點】it做形式賓語，常常代替后面的從句或不定式或分詞短語;介詞短語作為插入語放在句中時，常常用逗號將其與其他成分區分開來。 【詞匯知識】induction and deduction歸納法和演繹法 extract... from從中提取 build up逐步建立，逐步形成;發展，增大;加強;增強;增進 【參考譯文】你們都多次聽說過，科學家是用歸納法和演繹法工作的，而且從某種意義上來 說，他們依靠這種方法力求從自然界歸納出某些自然規律，然后根據這些規律， 用自己的某種非同一般的本領，建立起他們的理論。 18. It seems to me that the time is ripe for the Department of Employment and the Department of Education to get together with the universities and produce a revised educational system which will make a more economic use of the wealth of talent, application and industry currently being wasted on certificates, diplomas and degrees that no one wants to know about. 【結構分析】It seems to me that是系表結構，that實際上引導一個賓語從句。其中which引 導定語從句修飾system; being為分詞短語做定語修飾wealth;最后一個that引導定語從句修飾前面的三個名詞。 【語法難點】句型It seems to me that = I think;現在分詞短語做后置定語。 【詞匯知識】application申請;應用，運用;勤奮刻苦economic經濟的;經濟學的;可賺錢的;有利潤的;節約的;合理的 revise vt.校閱;校訂;修正;改變;溫習;重溫 【參考譯文】我認為時機已成熟。就業部門和教育部門應同大學攜起手來，修正我們的教育 制度，使之能比較合理地使用學生的才能、勤奮和刻苦。而現在他們這些才能和努力都浪費在無人感興趣的證書、文憑和學位上。 19. Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools. 【結構分析】本句屬于比較結構，含有一個比較結構not so much...as 與其說不如說。 they say 為插入語。through the insights of great men of genius 和 because of more ordinary things 為兩個狀語。like improved techniques and tools 為介詞短語做定語，修飾things. 【語法難點】插入語;比較結構not so much...as 與其說不如說。 【詞匯知識】insight n.洞察力;見識;洞察 genius n.天才;天賦;才華;天才人物 technique n.方法;技術;技巧;技藝 [比較]technology n.工藝，科技，技術 【參考譯文】他們說，科學的發展與其說源于天才偉人的真知灼見，不如說源于改進了的技術和工具等更為普通的東西。 20. Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect,extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice. 【結構分析】現在分詞短語Arguing...做原因狀語，里面又有一個that從句做the view的同位語，逗號后面的that從句是一個賓語從句。 【語法難點】分詞獨立結構做狀語;同位語從句;賓語從句。 【詞匯知識】relevant a.有關的，相應的 extremist n.極端主義者，過激分子;極端主義 【參考譯文】這類人持極端看法，認為人與動物在各相關方面都不相同，對待動物無須考慮 道德問題。
閱讀最難的就是長難句的理解，在線小編整理了2023長難句解析50句，希望考研考生可以通過長難句解析來提高理解能力。 11. This is the world out of which grows the hope, for the first time in history, of a society where there will be freedom from want and freedom from fear. 【結構分析】句中的定語從句out of which grows the hope..是完全倒裝句。主語the hope of a society和定語where there will be.. .fear較長，置于動詞grows之后。由于限制性定語從句out of which grows the hope., .of a society與主句關系緊密，所以采用融合法將This is the world...of a society譯成一個單句。where引導的定語從句太長，可用后置法譯成一個單句。 【語法難點】完全倒裝句;插入語;where引導定語從句，此時不能用that。 【詞匯知識】free from沒有的，免除不受拘束的 [同例]keep from避開;禁止;隱瞞;克制 【參考譯文】這是歷史上首次出現的一個給人以希望的世界。在這個世界上有希望誕生一個 沒有貧困、沒有暴力的社會。 12. Why does cream go bad faster than butter? Some researchers think they have the answer, and it comes down to the structure of the food, not its chemical compositiona finding that could help rid some processed foods of chemical preservatives. 【結構分析】句子主干為researchers think...and it comes down:。破折號后面的部分是answer的同位語;that could help是finding的定語從句。 【語法難點】同位語從句的分列式表達法。 【詞匯知識】come down to歸結為，涉及到，變為 rid...of使擺脫，使去掉 process v.加工，處理 【參考譯文】為什么奶酪會比黃油更容易變質?一些研究者認為他們已經找到了答案，并將其歸結為食物的構成，不是化學成分這一發現能使有些加工食品不再使用化學防腐劑。 13. Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with inbuilt personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell television, and digital age will have arrived. 【結構分析】句子框架為 Children will play with dolls..., computerswill be regarded as workmates..., relaxation will be in front of smell television, and digital age will have arrived. ,其中 equipped with personality chips 是做定語的分詞短語，修飾 dolls 【語法難點】多重并列句。 【詞匯知識】chip 碎片;油煎土豆片;集成電路塊;[計]芯片 inbuilt內置式的 rather than不是別的而是 【參考譯文】兒童將與裝有個性化芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍，具有個性內置的計算機將被視為工作伙伴而不是工具，人們將在氣味電視機前休閑，那時數字化時代就來到了。 14. And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can by no means be compared with these processes, and that they have to be required by a sort of special training. 【結構分析】本句結構為形式主語it引導兩個由that引導的并列主語。 【語法難點】原文中有三個被動語態is imagined, be compared和be required,.譯成漢語變成主動表達：認為、相比和掌握。 【詞匯知識】by no means決不，一點也不 by all means 當然可以，沒問題 by any means [口]用一切可能的方法或手段 by means of通過;.用;借助于 【參考譯文】許多人認為，普通人的思維活動根本無法與科學家的思維活動相比，認為這些思維活動必須經過某種專門訓練才能掌握。 15. It is not that the scales in the one case, and the balance in the other, differ in the principles of their construction or manner of working; but that the latter is a much finer apparatus and of course much more accurate in its measurement than the former. 【結構分析】本句為it引導一個表語從句，表語從句為not that, but that連接的并列復合句中后置修飾語較多。 【語法難點】句型not that ...but that ...;代詞的替代關系。 【詞匯知識】the former ...the latter , 【參考譯文】這并不是說面包師或賣肉者所用的磅秤和化學家所用的天秤在構造原理和工作方法上存在多少差別，而是說與前者相比，后者是一種更為精密的儀器， 在計量上必然比前者準確得多。 16. How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. 【結構分析】How...performance為主語從句，depends upon為謂語動詞。with which引導定語從句，修飾 skill and wisdom; which 指 skill and wisdom;在本句中 it 指代information。 【語法難點】主語從句;介詞+which引導定語從句，其中介詞一般取決于后面從句中的動詞搭配或形容詞搭配，或取決于先行詞。 【詞匯知識】validate vt.[律]使有效，使生效，確認，證實，驗證 validity n.有效性，合法性，正確性 depend on/upon依靠;由而定，取決于;從屬于;依賴其維持 reliability n.可靠性;可信賴[比較]liability責任;傾向;債務 appropriate a.適當的 【參考譯文】這些測試在多大程度上能被后來的表現所證實，這取決于所采用的信息的數量、 可靠性和適應性，以及解釋這些信息的技能和才智。 17. You have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction and deduction, that by the help of these operations, they, in a sort of sense, manage to extract from Nature certain natural laws, and that out of these, by some special skill of their own, they build up their theories. 【結構分析】本句為帶有三個由that引導的賓語從句的主從復合句。it為形式賓語，代替三個真正的賓語從句，句中有許多介詞短語做狀語。 【語法難點】it做形式賓語，常常代替后面的從句或不定式或分詞短語;介詞短語作為插入語放在句中時，常常用逗號將其與其他成分區分開來。 【詞匯知識】induction and deduction歸納法和演繹法 extract... from從中提取 build up逐步建立，逐步形成;發展，增大;加強;增強;增進 【參考譯文】你們都多次聽說過，科學家是用歸納法和演繹法工作的，而且從某種意義上來 說，他們依靠這種方法力求從自然界歸納出某些自然規律，然后根據這些規律， 用自己的某種非同一般的本領，建立起他們的理論。 18. It seems to me that the time is ripe for the Department of Employment and the Department of Education to get together with the universities and produce a revised educational system which will make a more economic use of the wealth of talent, application and industry currently being wasted on certificates, diplomas and degrees that no one wants to know about. 【結構分析】It seems to me that是系表結構，that實際上引導一個賓語從句。其中which引 導定語從句修飾system; being為分詞短語做定語修飾wealth;最后一個that引導定語從句修飾前面的三個名詞。 【語法難點】句型It seems to me that = I think;現在分詞短語做后置定語。 【詞匯知識】application申請;應用，運用;勤奮刻苦economic經濟的;經濟學的;可賺錢的;有利潤的;節約的;合理的 revise vt.校閱;校訂;修正;改變;溫習;重溫 【參考譯文】我認為時機已成熟。就業部門和教育部門應同大學攜起手來，修正我們的教育 制度，使之能比較合理地使用學生的才能、勤奮和刻苦。而現在他們這些才能和努力都浪費在無人感興趣的證書、文憑和學位上。 19. Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools. 【結構分析】本句屬于比較結構，含有一個比較結構not so much...as 與其說不如說。 they say 為插入語。through the insights of great men of genius 和 because of more ordinary things 為兩個狀語。like improved techniques and tools 為介詞短語做定語，修飾things. 【語法難點】插入語;比較結構not so much...as 與其說不如說。 【詞匯知識】insight n.洞察力;見識;洞察 genius n.天才;天賦;才華;天才人物 technique n.方法;技術;技巧;技藝 [比較]technology n.工藝，科技，技術 【參考譯文】他們說，科學的發展與其說源于天才偉人的真知灼見，不如說源于改進了的技術和工具等更為普通的東西。 20. Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect,extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice. 【結構分析】現在分詞短語Arguing...做原因狀語，里面又有一個that從句做the view的同位語，逗號后面的that從句是一個賓語從句。 【語法難點】分詞獨立結構做狀語;同位語從句;賓語從句。 【詞匯知識】relevant a.有關的，相應的 extremist n.極端主義者，過激分子;極端主義 【參考譯文】這類人持極端看法，認為人與動物在各相關方面都不相同，對待動物無須考慮 道德問題。
