幻滅的上班族

　　2023復習正是強化復習階段，在考研英語中占了40分，所以考研英語閱讀是英語科目中重要的一項。名師老師曾建議過考研生需要堅持每天泛讀10-15分鐘的英文原刊。強烈推薦了雜志《經濟學人》.雜志中的文章也是考研英語的主要材料來源.希望考研考生認真閱讀，快速提高考研英語閱讀水平。 　　Disillusioned office workers 　　幻滅的上班族 　　China s losers 　　中國失敗者 　　Amid spreading prosperity, a generation ofself-styled also-rans emerges 　　繁榮之中產生的失敗一代 　　Man wearing suit on escalator 　　自動扶梯上的穿西裝者 　　ZHU GUANG, a 25-year-old product tester, projects casual cool in his red Adidas jacket andcanvas shoes. He sports the shadowy wisps of a moustache and goatee, as if he has theambition to grow a beard but not the ability. On paper he is one of the millions ofup-and-coming winners of the Chinese economy: a university graduate, the only child offactory workers in Shanghai, working for Lenovo, one of China s leading computer-makers. 　　25歲的朱廣是個產品測試員，紅色的阿迪達斯夾克和帆布鞋顯出他的隨性。他的嘴唇和下巴上都留著稀疏的幾縷胡子，似乎是想長一圈絡腮胡子卻沒得逞。按理說，他是中國經濟中千百萬個有前途的成功者之一：他是大學畢業生，上海工人家庭的獨子，并在中國最大的電腦制造商聯想公司上班。 　　But Mr Zhu considers himself a loser, not a winner. He earns 4,000 yuan a month after taxand says he feels like a faceless drone at work. He eats at the office canteen and goes homeat night to a rented, 20-square-metre room in a shared flat, where he plays online games. Hedoes not have a girlfriend or any prospect of finding one. Lack of confidence, he explainswhen asked why not. Like millions of others, he mockingly calls himself, in evocativemodern street slang, a diaosi, the term for a loser that literally translates as male pubichair. Figuratively it is a declaration of powerlessness in an economy where it is gettingharder for the regular guy to succeed. Calling himself by this derisive nickname is a way ofcrying out, like Gandhi, says Mr Zhu, only partly in jest. It is a quiet form of protest. 　　然而朱認為自己是個失敗者。他的稅后工資只是每月4,000元，并說自己工作時就像個沒人注意的機器。通常，他在公司食堂吃飯，晚上就回到自己在合租公寓里租的20平米大的小房間玩網絡游戲。他沒有女友，也并不想找一個。沒信心啊，當被問到為什么不找時，他這樣回答。和千百萬人一樣，他戲稱自己是屌絲，一個表示失敗者的街頭俚語，本義是男性的yin毛。它形象地表達出了這個經濟體中那些越來越難獲得成功的普通人的無力感。以這個稱謂自嘲是一種發出呼聲的方式，就像甘地，朱并只是在開玩笑，這是一種無聲的反抗。 　　Calling yourself a diaosi has also become a proud statement of solidarity with the massesagainst the perceived corruption of the wealthy. The word itself entered the language onlyrecently, appealing to office grunts across the country, especially in the IT industry. Amostly male species, diaosi are often daydreamers with poor social skills and anobsession with online gaming. They are slightly different from Japan s marriage-shunningherbivore young men in that fewer of them have chosen their station in life. Society haschosen it for them, especially with property prices climbing well beyond their reach. Severalrecent studies show that, while incomes across Chinese society continue to rise, socialmobility has worsened. Yi Chen of Nanjing Audit University and Frank A. Cowell of theLondon School of Economics found that, since 2000, people at the bottom of society weremore likely than in the 1990s to stay where they were. China has become more rigid, theyconclude. 　　自稱屌絲已經成了宣稱自己是和社會中的大多數一樣厭惡富裕群體腐敗行為的方式。這個詞語最近才出現，最初來自于辦公室的閑聊，尤其是IT這個多數工作者都是男性的行業。屌絲通常指那些缺乏社交能力、沉迷網絡游戲還老做白日夢的人。他們和日本那些不愿結婚的食草族略有不同，極少數食草男已經選擇了生活方式。但社會已經為屌絲們作出了選擇，尤其是高速上漲的房價讓他們根本無法觸及。近期的幾次調查顯示，盡管中國社會的平均工資持續上漲，但社會流動性卻進一步惡化了。南京審計學院的易辰和倫敦政治經濟學院的弗蘭克A康維爾發現，同上世紀90年代相比，2000年以后的社會底層群體停留在這個地位上的可能性更大。中國社會已經變得更加僵化了。他們總結到。 　　An online video sketch show, Diaosi Man, shown on Sohu.com, an internet portal,mercilessly mocks the tribe. Since its debut in 2023, the show s episodes have beenstreamed more than 1.5 billion times. In one recent episode a man tries to impress hisbeautiful dinner date with how busy he is at his job. He then receives a phone call from work,apologetically takes his leave to go to the office and finally pops up again as a waiter when hisdate asks for the bill. In the same episode a frustrated new driver curses repeatedly at aLamborghini in the next lane and screams, Are you bullying me because I don t know anytraffic cops? In the next scene he is in a neck brace and his nose is broken. 　　門戶網站搜狐的網絡劇集《屌絲男士》無情地嘲諷著這一群體。自2023首播以來，這部劇集已經被瀏覽了15億次。最近一集中，某男想向跟他約會吃飯的美女炫耀他的工作有多忙。然后，他接到了一個工作電話并抱歉地返回了辦公室，結果在美女結賬時卻又現身了原來他是個服務員。同一集中，一個沮喪的新手駕駛員在向隔壁車道的蘭博基尼不停地叫罵，并大叫道：你欺負我就因為我不認識交警嗎?到了下一個場景里，他已經帶上了脖套，鼻子也受傷了。 　　Mr Zhu says what makes him a diaosi is that he is the son of factory workers. He is not fu erdaisecond-generation richor guan er daithe son of powerful government officials. Heand his diaosi colleagues feel that, with connections or cash, they might have attended abetter university and found a better job. 　　朱說自己變成屌絲是因為自己只是工人的兒子。他不是富二代或者官二代，爹媽不是富人也不是大官。他和屌絲同事們都覺得，如果有關系或者有錢的話，他們就能上更好的大學，并找到更好的工作。 　　With after-tax income of nearly $8,000 a year, Mr Zhu would look to many people in Chinacomfortably on his way to the middle class. He is among the lower wage-earners atZhangjiang Hi-Tech Park in Shanghai, but even many higher earners call themselves diaosi,or refer to themselves as IT labourers. Though their salaries are above average even inShanghaiwhich had China s third-highest annual urban disposable income per person in2023 at 40,000 yuanthe cost of appearing successful is stratospheric. A fancy flat and a coolcar are well beyond their reach. They are wage slaves who cannot hope to be gao fushuaitall, rich and handsomeand marry a woman who is bai fu meifair-skinned, rich andbeautiful. 　　有著8,000美金稅后年薪的朱和許多人一樣想成為中產階級。他的工資在上海張江高科技園區并不算高，但很多收入更高的人也自稱屌絲或者碼農。雖然他們的工資甚至超過了上海平均工資，2023年上海的城市人均可支配年收入達到了40,000元。想要看起來成功的代價非常高。他們永遠買不起那些豪車洋房。他們只是工資的奴隸，成不了高富帥也娶不上白富美。 　　This might seem quite normal for a rapidly developing economy. But Zhang Yi, a sociologistat the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, a government think-tank in Beijing, says thisdiaosi feeling of relative deprivation is a troubling consequence of China s growing wealthgap. In an interview devoted to the subject for the website of Phoenix Television, a HongKong satellite network, Mr Zhang concluded that people at the bottom feel utterlyalienated. They feel less hopeful than they did before of ever moving up in life, he said. 　　對快速發展的經濟體來說，這個現象似乎相當正常。然而中國社會科學院的張翼卻認為，屌絲之所以會感到相對貧困化是中國日益增長的貧富差距的結果，令人感到擔憂。在香港衛星電視臺鳳凰衛視網站一次關于這個話題的采訪中，張翼總結說，底層人群懷著極強的疏離感。他說，相比以前，現如今的這些人認為改善個人境遇更加無望。 　　In spite of this, however, they do still represent a marketing opportunity. There are, afterall, many more of them than there are millionaires, even though it can be difficult to definethe target market. At Dianping, a website offering restaurant reviews and consumer deals,Schubert You targets very low-wage workers in smaller cities with coupons and group discounts. Mr You does not consider the IT workers ofShanghai and Beijing to be true diaosi. 　　盡管如此，屌絲群體依然是一個巨大的市場。雖然這個群體很難定位，但他們的數量比起百萬富翁要多得多。來自大眾點評網的Schubert You用優惠券和團購折扣來打動小城市的低收入工作者。You并不認為北京和上海的IT工作者真的就是屌絲。 　　But surveys show they believe they are. Last year Analysys International, a researchcompany in Beijing, asked a broad cross-section of office workers if they saw themselves asdiaosi. More than 90% of programmers and journalists and about 80% of food and serviceindustry and marketing workers said they did. Those surveyed who least identified withbeing losers were civil servants, working for the government or the Communist Party. 　　不過調查顯示這部分人自己倒是很確信。去年，位于北京的研究公司易觀國際調查了不同層次的上班族，詢問他們是否認為自己是屌絲。90%以上的程序員和記者，大約80%的食品、服務行業以及銷售人員都給出了肯定的答案。受訪者中自認為是失敗者的比率最低的人群是公務員，那些為政府或是其黨派工作的人。 　　詞語解釋 　　1.work for 為而工作;效勞 　　I went to work for the designer richard wurman. 　　后來我為設計師理查德沃曼工作。 　　We work for the government. 　　我們是為政府工作。 　　2.lack of 缺乏 　　Indeed, it has a noticeable lack of entrepreneurs altogether. 　　事實上，總體而言日本明顯缺乏企業家。 　　He faulted a lack of self-control. 　　他將此歸咎于缺乏自制。 　　3.cry out 呼喊，尖叫 　　Why did some children fearful cry out? 　　后來為什么有的孩子膽小愛哭了呢? 　　I want you to cry out. 　　我要你大聲哭出來。 　　4.appeal to 訴諸武力;向投訴 　　But when they communicate internally, they have to appeal to their employees emotions. 　　但在公司內部進行交流中又需要調動員工的情緒。 　　How are we supposed to design products that appeal to women without women? 　　沒有女性的參與，我們怎么能設計出女性青睞的產品?

　　2023復習正是強化復習階段，在考研英語中占了40分，所以考研英語閱讀是英語科目中重要的一項。名師老師曾建議過考研生需要堅持每天泛讀10-15分鐘的英文原刊。強烈推薦了雜志《經濟學人》.雜志中的文章也是考研英語的主要材料來源.希望考研考生認真閱讀，快速提高考研英語閱讀水平。 　　Disillusioned office workers 　　幻滅的上班族 　　China s losers 　　中國失敗者 　　Amid spreading prosperity, a generation ofself-styled also-rans emerges 　　繁榮之中產生的失敗一代 　　Man wearing suit on escalator 　　自動扶梯上的穿西裝者 　　ZHU GUANG, a 25-year-old product tester, projects casual cool in his red Adidas jacket andcanvas shoes. He sports the shadowy wisps of a moustache and goatee, as if he has theambition to grow a beard but not the ability. On paper he is one of the millions ofup-and-coming winners of the Chinese economy: a university graduate, the only child offactory workers in Shanghai, working for Lenovo, one of China s leading computer-makers. 　　25歲的朱廣是個產品測試員，紅色的阿迪達斯夾克和帆布鞋顯出他的隨性。他的嘴唇和下巴上都留著稀疏的幾縷胡子，似乎是想長一圈絡腮胡子卻沒得逞。按理說，他是中國經濟中千百萬個有前途的成功者之一：他是大學畢業生，上海工人家庭的獨子，并在中國最大的電腦制造商聯想公司上班。 　　But Mr Zhu considers himself a loser, not a winner. He earns 4,000 yuan a month after taxand says he feels like a faceless drone at work. He eats at the office canteen and goes homeat night to a rented, 20-square-metre room in a shared flat, where he plays online games. Hedoes not have a girlfriend or any prospect of finding one. Lack of confidence, he explainswhen asked why not. Like millions of others, he mockingly calls himself, in evocativemodern street slang, a diaosi, the term for a loser that literally translates as male pubichair. Figuratively it is a declaration of powerlessness in an economy where it is gettingharder for the regular guy to succeed. Calling himself by this derisive nickname is a way ofcrying out, like Gandhi, says Mr Zhu, only partly in jest. It is a quiet form of protest. 　　然而朱認為自己是個失敗者。他的稅后工資只是每月4,000元，并說自己工作時就像個沒人注意的機器。通常，他在公司食堂吃飯，晚上就回到自己在合租公寓里租的20平米大的小房間玩網絡游戲。他沒有女友，也并不想找一個。沒信心啊，當被問到為什么不找時，他這樣回答。和千百萬人一樣，他戲稱自己是屌絲，一個表示失敗者的街頭俚語，本義是男性的yin毛。它形象地表達出了這個經濟體中那些越來越難獲得成功的普通人的無力感。以這個稱謂自嘲是一種發出呼聲的方式，就像甘地，朱并只是在開玩笑，這是一種無聲的反抗。 　　Calling yourself a diaosi has also become a proud statement of solidarity with the massesagainst the perceived corruption of the wealthy. The word itself entered the language onlyrecently, appealing to office grunts across the country, especially in the IT industry. Amostly male species, diaosi are often daydreamers with poor social skills and anobsession with online gaming. They are slightly different from Japan s marriage-shunningherbivore young men in that fewer of them have chosen their station in life. Society haschosen it for them, especially with property prices climbing well beyond their reach. Severalrecent studies show that, while incomes across Chinese society continue to rise, socialmobility has worsened. Yi Chen of Nanjing Audit University and Frank A. Cowell of theLondon School of Economics found that, since 2000, people at the bottom of society weremore likely than in the 1990s to stay where they were. China has become more rigid, theyconclude. 　　自稱屌絲已經成了宣稱自己是和社會中的大多數一樣厭惡富裕群體腐敗行為的方式。這個詞語最近才出現，最初來自于辦公室的閑聊，尤其是IT這個多數工作者都是男性的行業。屌絲通常指那些缺乏社交能力、沉迷網絡游戲還老做白日夢的人。他們和日本那些不愿結婚的食草族略有不同，極少數食草男已經選擇了生活方式。但社會已經為屌絲們作出了選擇，尤其是高速上漲的房價讓他們根本無法觸及。近期的幾次調查顯示，盡管中國社會的平均工資持續上漲，但社會流動性卻進一步惡化了。南京審計學院的易辰和倫敦政治經濟學院的弗蘭克A康維爾發現，同上世紀90年代相比，2000年以后的社會底層群體停留在這個地位上的可能性更大。中國社會已經變得更加僵化了。他們總結到。 　　An online video sketch show, Diaosi Man, shown on Sohu.com, an internet portal,mercilessly mocks the tribe. Since its debut in 2023, the show s episodes have beenstreamed more than 1.5 billion times. In one recent episode a man tries to impress hisbeautiful dinner date with how busy he is at his job. He then receives a phone call from work,apologetically takes his leave to go to the office and finally pops up again as a waiter when hisdate asks for the bill. In the same episode a frustrated new driver curses repeatedly at aLamborghini in the next lane and screams, Are you bullying me because I don t know anytraffic cops? In the next scene he is in a neck brace and his nose is broken. 　　門戶網站搜狐的網絡劇集《屌絲男士》無情地嘲諷著這一群體。自2023首播以來，這部劇集已經被瀏覽了15億次。最近一集中，某男想向跟他約會吃飯的美女炫耀他的工作有多忙。然后，他接到了一個工作電話并抱歉地返回了辦公室，結果在美女結賬時卻又現身了原來他是個服務員。同一集中，一個沮喪的新手駕駛員在向隔壁車道的蘭博基尼不停地叫罵，并大叫道：你欺負我就因為我不認識交警嗎?到了下一個場景里，他已經帶上了脖套，鼻子也受傷了。 　　Mr Zhu says what makes him a diaosi is that he is the son of factory workers. He is not fu erdaisecond-generation richor guan er daithe son of powerful government officials. Heand his diaosi colleagues feel that, with connections or cash, they might have attended abetter university and found a better job. 　　朱說自己變成屌絲是因為自己只是工人的兒子。他不是富二代或者官二代，爹媽不是富人也不是大官。他和屌絲同事們都覺得，如果有關系或者有錢的話，他們就能上更好的大學，并找到更好的工作。 　　With after-tax income of nearly $8,000 a year, Mr Zhu would look to many people in Chinacomfortably on his way to the middle class. He is among the lower wage-earners atZhangjiang Hi-Tech Park in Shanghai, but even many higher earners call themselves diaosi,or refer to themselves as IT labourers. Though their salaries are above average even inShanghaiwhich had China s third-highest annual urban disposable income per person in2023 at 40,000 yuanthe cost of appearing successful is stratospheric. A fancy flat and a coolcar are well beyond their reach. They are wage slaves who cannot hope to be gao fushuaitall, rich and handsomeand marry a woman who is bai fu meifair-skinned, rich andbeautiful. 　　有著8,000美金稅后年薪的朱和許多人一樣想成為中產階級。他的工資在上海張江高科技園區并不算高，但很多收入更高的人也自稱屌絲或者碼農。雖然他們的工資甚至超過了上海平均工資，2023年上海的城市人均可支配年收入達到了40,000元。想要看起來成功的代價非常高。他們永遠買不起那些豪車洋房。他們只是工資的奴隸，成不了高富帥也娶不上白富美。 　　This might seem quite normal for a rapidly developing economy. But Zhang Yi, a sociologistat the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, a government think-tank in Beijing, says thisdiaosi feeling of relative deprivation is a troubling consequence of China s growing wealthgap. In an interview devoted to the subject for the website of Phoenix Television, a HongKong satellite network, Mr Zhang concluded that people at the bottom feel utterlyalienated. They feel less hopeful than they did before of ever moving up in life, he said. 　　對快速發展的經濟體來說，這個現象似乎相當正常。然而中國社會科學院的張翼卻認為，屌絲之所以會感到相對貧困化是中國日益增長的貧富差距的結果，令人感到擔憂。在香港衛星電視臺鳳凰衛視網站一次關于這個話題的采訪中，張翼總結說，底層人群懷著極強的疏離感。他說，相比以前，現如今的這些人認為改善個人境遇更加無望。 　　In spite of this, however, they do still represent a marketing opportunity. There are, afterall, many more of them than there are millionaires, even though it can be difficult to definethe target market. At Dianping, a website offering restaurant reviews and consumer deals,Schubert You targets very low-wage workers in smaller cities with coupons and group discounts. Mr You does not consider the IT workers ofShanghai and Beijing to be true diaosi. 　　盡管如此，屌絲群體依然是一個巨大的市場。雖然這個群體很難定位，但他們的數量比起百萬富翁要多得多。來自大眾點評網的Schubert You用優惠券和團購折扣來打動小城市的低收入工作者。You并不認為北京和上海的IT工作者真的就是屌絲。 　　But surveys show they believe they are. Last year Analysys International, a researchcompany in Beijing, asked a broad cross-section of office workers if they saw themselves asdiaosi. More than 90% of programmers and journalists and about 80% of food and serviceindustry and marketing workers said they did. Those surveyed who least identified withbeing losers were civil servants, working for the government or the Communist Party. 　　不過調查顯示這部分人自己倒是很確信。去年，位于北京的研究公司易觀國際調查了不同層次的上班族，詢問他們是否認為自己是屌絲。90%以上的程序員和記者，大約80%的食品、服務行業以及銷售人員都給出了肯定的答案。受訪者中自認為是失敗者的比率最低的人群是公務員，那些為政府或是其黨派工作的人。 　　詞語解釋 　　1.work for 為而工作;效勞 　　I went to work for the designer richard wurman. 　　后來我為設計師理查德沃曼工作。 　　We work for the government. 　　我們是為政府工作。 　　2.lack of 缺乏 　　Indeed, it has a noticeable lack of entrepreneurs altogether. 　　事實上，總體而言日本明顯缺乏企業家。 　　He faulted a lack of self-control. 　　他將此歸咎于缺乏自制。 　　3.cry out 呼喊，尖叫 　　Why did some children fearful cry out? 　　后來為什么有的孩子膽小愛哭了呢? 　　I want you to cry out. 　　我要你大聲哭出來。 　　4.appeal to 訴諸武力;向投訴 　　But when they communicate internally, they have to appeal to their employees emotions. 　　但在公司內部進行交流中又需要調動員工的情緒。 　　How are we supposed to design products that appeal to women without women? 　　沒有女性的參與，我們怎么能設計出女性青睞的產品?