2023考研英語閱讀商用飛機

　　Commercial aircraft

　　商用飛機

　　Bombardier lights a fuse

　　龐巴迪公司點燃了導火線

　　Canada s new passenger jet threatens an oldduopoly

　　加拿大新型客機給兩強壟斷集團帶來威脅

　　SINCE the late 1990s airlines wanting to buy short-to-medium-haul narrowbody planes with100-200 seats have had little choice but to pick either Boeing s 737 or Airbus s A320.

　　從20世紀90年代末期開始，想要購買中短途100至200座窄身飛機的航空公司別無選擇只能選擇波音737或者空客A320。

　　As orders for such planes have boomed in recent years, aircraft-makers in China, Russia andCanada have been working on new contenders to break this American-European duopoly.

　　近年來，隨著對此類飛機需求的激增，中國、俄羅斯及加拿大飛機制造商們一直致力于研究新的競爭者來打破美歐兩強壟斷的局面。

　　On September 16th Canada s Bombardier got there first, launching the maiden flight of itsCSeries plane.

　　9月16日，加拿大怕巴蒂公司首先達成目標，進行了其C系列飛機的首航。

　　Bombardier is duelling the duopolists because the prospects for the planes it alreadymakesregional jets of under 100 seats and corporate jetsare not as juicy as those formainstream commercial airliners.

　　龐巴迪公司在與兩強作斗爭，因為他公司所制造的飛機100座以下區(qū)域性飛機和公司商務機的前景并不像主流商用飛機那樣報酬豐富。

　　Global passenger traffic is set to grow by 5% a year for the next two decades, reckonsBoeing, and airlines are seeking ones that seat 100-200 to fill much of the new demand.

　　波音公司認為，接下來20年，全球客流量預期每年上升5%，航空公司正在尋找那種100到200座的飛機以滿足新的需求。

　　In regional jets Bombardier has enjoyed a near-duopoly of its own, with Embraer of Brazil.

　　在支線飛機中，龐巴迪與巴西航空公司享有幾乎兩強壟斷的地位。

　　But Japanese, Russian and Chinese rivals are moving in to the market just as operators ofregional jets are going for bigger planes.

　　但是，就在支線飛機運營商需要更大飛機時，日本、俄羅斯及中國的競爭對手正進入該市場。

　　Corporate jets and their owners took a knock in the financial crisis, and their prospectsstill look weak.

　　公司商務機及其所有者在經(jīng)濟危機中受到了打擊，而且他們的前景看起來仍很渺茫。

　　Although lots of new metro systems are being built worldwide, Bombardier s other mainbusiness, building trains does not look so strong. About two-thirds of the division s revenuescome from Europe, where trains are largely bought with public purses drained by falteringeconomies.

　　雖然世界范圍內(nèi)都在建造大眾捷運系統(tǒng)，龐巴迪另外一項主要業(yè)務，制造火車看起來并非那么強。該部門2/3的收益來自歐洲。因為經(jīng)濟衰退造成國庫空虛，歐洲大量購買火車。

　　Bombardier is trying to slip in under the radar, not competing head-on with its rivals.

　　龐巴迪公司試圖在雷達下偷偷溜進，而不是與競爭對手正面沖突。

　　The first two versions of the CSeries will have only 100-150 seats, whereas most 737s andA320s sold are 150-200 seaters.

　　最初的兩種C系列飛機只有100到150座，而大多數(shù)出售的波音737飛機和空客A320是150到200座的。

　　However, Bombardier hopes airlines will be attracted by its plane s low fuel consumption20% less than its rivals ,it claimsand 15% lower running costs.

　　但是，龐巴迪公司希望航空公司會被飛機的低耗油特點所吸引宣稱比其競爭對手少20%的耗油量并減少15%的運營成本。

　　Much of that advantage comes from a new engine, the geared turbofan, made by Pratt Whitney, an American firm.

　　大部分的優(yōu)勢來自于一個新的引擎，也就是美國普惠發(fā)動機公司生產(chǎn)的齒輪傳動式渦輪風扇發(fā)動機。

　　So far, though, airlines have held back and waited to see how the CSeries flies.

　　迄今為止，航空公司們還在猶豫并等著看C系列飛機的試飛情況。

　　Only 177 firm orders have been placed as yet.

　　至今只下了177單確定訂單。

　　Some analysts wonder if starting out at the bottom end of the range was a good idea:

　　一些分析家懷疑從范圍底層開始是不是一個好辦法：

　　Darryl Genovesi of UBS, a bank, reckons that there are 5,000 jets of 90-150 seats inoperation and that only 2,000 are likely to be replaced over the next five to ten years, withanother 1,000 on the borderline.

　　瑞士聯(lián)合銀行的達瑞爾認為現(xiàn)在有5000架90到150座的飛機正在運營中，只有2000架會在下一個5到10年內(nèi)被取代，另外還有1000架在取代與被取代的邊界。

　　Furthermore, Boeing and Airbus are not giving up without a dogfight.

　　而且，波音公司和空中客車公司不會不戰(zhàn)而降。

　　Both are working on completely new narrowbodies, to be launched in a decade or so, and inthe mean time their existing models are being upgraded.

　　兩家公司都在努力發(fā)明一種完全新型的窄型飛機，希望在未來10年左右發(fā)布，同時，他們現(xiàn)有的模型也正在升級中。

　　The 737 MAX and A320neo, out in a couple of years, will get improved engines, narrowing theefficiency gap with the CSeries.

　　過幾年，737 MAX 和A320 neo會有升級的引擎，這將縮小他們與龐巴迪C系列飛機的效率差距。

　　Indeed, buyers of the A320neo will be able to choose the geared turbofan.

　　實際上，A320neo的買家可能會選擇齒輪傳動式渦輪風扇發(fā)動機。

　　And as Zafar Khan of Societe Generale, a bank, notes, the CSeries is a new airframe and anew engine, a double risk.

　　正如興業(yè)銀行的扎法爾?汗說的，C系列飛機時一種新的飛機機體和新的引擎，雙重的風險。

　　No doubt Boeing and Airbus have been pointing this out to customers, as well as offeringattractive prices to deter airlines from taking a punt on the CSeries.

　　難怪波音公司和空客公司不僅向其客戶指出這個問題，還給出了吸引人的價格來防止航空公司投資在C系列飛機上。

　　Both are bound to worry that Bombardier will add a larger model carrying up to 200passengers.

　　兩家公司一定都擔心龐巴迪公司會增加那種200座的模型。

　　Such concerns would intensify if Bombardier makes progress on its partnership with COMAC,a Chinese state firm strongly backed by its home government, which is also building anarrowbody plane.

　　如果龐巴迪公司和致力于制造窄型飛機的中國政府支持的國有企業(yè)中國商用飛機公司的合作成功的話，這種擔心會加劇。

　　The market for the current CSeries models may be only around 100 planes a year.

　　C系列模型目前的市場可能每年只有100架。

　　That may not deliver a decent return on its 4 billion development costs.

　　這可能對其40億美元的開發(fā)成本來說不是一個很好的回報。

　　But it will keep Bombardier in the skies, circling for a more vigorous counter-attack on theduopoly.

　　但是這使龐巴迪公司的飛機在天空中飛翔，盤旋著對兩強壟斷集團進行強有力的反擊。

　　詞語解釋

　　1.but to 而是

　　He has no choice but to run.

　　他除了逃命別無它法。

　　His object was not to kill taliban soldiers but toprotect the population.

　　他的目標并不是殺死塔利班的士兵而是保護當?shù)氐钠矫瘛?/p>

　　2.work on 從事于繼續(xù)工作;努力影響

　　Heisenberg continued to work on it.

　　海森堡也在繼續(xù)這個工作。

　　Looking for a creative outlet where you can work on your own?

　　你想要找一個有創(chuàng)意的直銷店來獨立工作?

　　3.move in 搬進，遷進

　　When did you move in?

　　你什么時候搬來的?

　　You just move in?

　　你剛搬進來的?

　　4.financial crisis 金融危機

　　Did the financial crisis change very much?

　　金融危機是否帶來了許多變化?

　　The international monetary fund is in financial crisis.

　　國際貨幣基金組織正處于財政危機之中。

　　Commercial aircraft

　　商用飛機

　　Bombardier lights a fuse

　　龐巴迪公司點燃了導火線

　　Canada s new passenger jet threatens an oldduopoly

　　加拿大新型客機給兩強壟斷集團帶來威脅

　　SINCE the late 1990s airlines wanting to buy short-to-medium-haul narrowbody planes with100-200 seats have had little choice but to pick either Boeing s 737 or Airbus s A320.

　　從20世紀90年代末期開始，想要購買中短途100至200座窄身飛機的航空公司別無選擇只能選擇波音737或者空客A320。

　　As orders for such planes have boomed in recent years, aircraft-makers in China, Russia andCanada have been working on new contenders to break this American-European duopoly.

　　近年來，隨著對此類飛機需求的激增，中國、俄羅斯及加拿大飛機制造商們一直致力于研究新的競爭者來打破美歐兩強壟斷的局面。

　　On September 16th Canada s Bombardier got there first, launching the maiden flight of itsCSeries plane.

　　9月16日，加拿大怕巴蒂公司首先達成目標，進行了其C系列飛機的首航。

　　Bombardier is duelling the duopolists because the prospects for the planes it alreadymakesregional jets of under 100 seats and corporate jetsare not as juicy as those formainstream commercial airliners.

　　龐巴迪公司在與兩強作斗爭，因為他公司所制造的飛機100座以下區(qū)域性飛機和公司商務機的前景并不像主流商用飛機那樣報酬豐富。

　　Global passenger traffic is set to grow by 5% a year for the next two decades, reckonsBoeing, and airlines are seeking ones that seat 100-200 to fill much of the new demand.

　　波音公司認為，接下來20年，全球客流量預期每年上升5%，航空公司正在尋找那種100到200座的飛機以滿足新的需求。

　　In regional jets Bombardier has enjoyed a near-duopoly of its own, with Embraer of Brazil.

　　在支線飛機中，龐巴迪與巴西航空公司享有幾乎兩強壟斷的地位。

　　But Japanese, Russian and Chinese rivals are moving in to the market just as operators ofregional jets are going for bigger planes.

　　但是，就在支線飛機運營商需要更大飛機時，日本、俄羅斯及中國的競爭對手正進入該市場。

　　Corporate jets and their owners took a knock in the financial crisis, and their prospectsstill look weak.

　　公司商務機及其所有者在經(jīng)濟危機中受到了打擊，而且他們的前景看起來仍很渺茫。

　　Although lots of new metro systems are being built worldwide, Bombardier s other mainbusiness, building trains does not look so strong. About two-thirds of the division s revenuescome from Europe, where trains are largely bought with public purses drained by falteringeconomies.

　　雖然世界范圍內(nèi)都在建造大眾捷運系統(tǒng)，龐巴迪另外一項主要業(yè)務，制造火車看起來并非那么強。該部門2/3的收益來自歐洲。因為經(jīng)濟衰退造成國庫空虛，歐洲大量購買火車。

　　Bombardier is trying to slip in under the radar, not competing head-on with its rivals.

　　龐巴迪公司試圖在雷達下偷偷溜進，而不是與競爭對手正面沖突。

　　The first two versions of the CSeries will have only 100-150 seats, whereas most 737s andA320s sold are 150-200 seaters.

　　最初的兩種C系列飛機只有100到150座，而大多數(shù)出售的波音737飛機和空客A320是150到200座的。

　　However, Bombardier hopes airlines will be attracted by its plane s low fuel consumption20% less than its rivals ,it claimsand 15% lower running costs.

　　但是，龐巴迪公司希望航空公司會被飛機的低耗油特點所吸引宣稱比其競爭對手少20%的耗油量并減少15%的運營成本。

　　Much of that advantage comes from a new engine, the geared turbofan, made by Pratt Whitney, an American firm.

　　大部分的優(yōu)勢來自于一個新的引擎，也就是美國普惠發(fā)動機公司生產(chǎn)的齒輪傳動式渦輪風扇發(fā)動機。

　　So far, though, airlines have held back and waited to see how the CSeries flies.

　　迄今為止，航空公司們還在猶豫并等著看C系列飛機的試飛情況。

　　Only 177 firm orders have been placed as yet.

　　至今只下了177單確定訂單。

　　Some analysts wonder if starting out at the bottom end of the range was a good idea:

　　一些分析家懷疑從范圍底層開始是不是一個好辦法：

　　Darryl Genovesi of UBS, a bank, reckons that there are 5,000 jets of 90-150 seats inoperation and that only 2,000 are likely to be replaced over the next five to ten years, withanother 1,000 on the borderline.

　　瑞士聯(lián)合銀行的達瑞爾認為現(xiàn)在有5000架90到150座的飛機正在運營中，只有2000架會在下一個5到10年內(nèi)被取代，另外還有1000架在取代與被取代的邊界。

　　Furthermore, Boeing and Airbus are not giving up without a dogfight.

　　而且，波音公司和空中客車公司不會不戰(zhàn)而降。

　　Both are working on completely new narrowbodies, to be launched in a decade or so, and inthe mean time their existing models are being upgraded.

　　兩家公司都在努力發(fā)明一種完全新型的窄型飛機，希望在未來10年左右發(fā)布，同時，他們現(xiàn)有的模型也正在升級中。

　　The 737 MAX and A320neo, out in a couple of years, will get improved engines, narrowing theefficiency gap with the CSeries.

　　過幾年，737 MAX 和A320 neo會有升級的引擎，這將縮小他們與龐巴迪C系列飛機的效率差距。

　　Indeed, buyers of the A320neo will be able to choose the geared turbofan.

　　實際上，A320neo的買家可能會選擇齒輪傳動式渦輪風扇發(fā)動機。

　　And as Zafar Khan of Societe Generale, a bank, notes, the CSeries is a new airframe and anew engine, a double risk.

　　正如興業(yè)銀行的扎法爾?汗說的，C系列飛機時一種新的飛機機體和新的引擎，雙重的風險。

　　No doubt Boeing and Airbus have been pointing this out to customers, as well as offeringattractive prices to deter airlines from taking a punt on the CSeries.

　　難怪波音公司和空客公司不僅向其客戶指出這個問題，還給出了吸引人的價格來防止航空公司投資在C系列飛機上。

　　Both are bound to worry that Bombardier will add a larger model carrying up to 200passengers.

　　兩家公司一定都擔心龐巴迪公司會增加那種200座的模型。

　　Such concerns would intensify if Bombardier makes progress on its partnership with COMAC,a Chinese state firm strongly backed by its home government, which is also building anarrowbody plane.

　　如果龐巴迪公司和致力于制造窄型飛機的中國政府支持的國有企業(yè)中國商用飛機公司的合作成功的話，這種擔心會加劇。

　　The market for the current CSeries models may be only around 100 planes a year.

　　C系列模型目前的市場可能每年只有100架。

　　That may not deliver a decent return on its 4 billion development costs.

　　這可能對其40億美元的開發(fā)成本來說不是一個很好的回報。

　　But it will keep Bombardier in the skies, circling for a more vigorous counter-attack on theduopoly.

　　但是這使龐巴迪公司的飛機在天空中飛翔，盤旋著對兩強壟斷集團進行強有力的反擊。

　　詞語解釋

　　1.but to 而是

　　He has no choice but to run.

　　他除了逃命別無它法。

　　His object was not to kill taliban soldiers but toprotect the population.

　　他的目標并不是殺死塔利班的士兵而是保護當?shù)氐钠矫瘛?/p>

　　2.work on 從事于繼續(xù)工作;努力影響

　　Heisenberg continued to work on it.

　　海森堡也在繼續(xù)這個工作。

　　Looking for a creative outlet where you can work on your own?

　　你想要找一個有創(chuàng)意的直銷店來獨立工作?

　　3.move in 搬進，遷進

　　When did you move in?

　　你什么時候搬來的?

　　You just move in?

　　你剛搬進來的?

　　4.financial crisis 金融危機

　　Did the financial crisis change very much?

　　金融危機是否帶來了許多變化?

　　The international monetary fund is in financial crisis.

　　國際貨幣基金組織正處于財政危機之中。