重塑斯科普里
2023復習正是強化復習階段，在考研英語中占了40分，所以考研英語閱讀是英語科目中重要的一項。名師老師曾建議過考研生需要堅持每天泛讀10-15分鐘的英文原刊。強烈推薦了雜志《經濟學人》.雜志中的文章也是考研英語的主要材料來源.希望考研考生認真閱讀，快速提高考研英語閱讀水平。 Revamping Skopje 重塑斯科普里 Stones of contention 競爭與炫示的雕塑 Macedonia writes a new story for its capital 馬其頓首都的新篇章 Colouring the future 描畫未來 IN 2010 a computer-generated video of plans for the Macedonian capital was released tojournalists. 2010年，一份電腦生成的視頻規劃被公布給記者，展示了馬其頓首都未來的面貌。 There were to be statues and monuments, new museums and civic buildings, a triumphalarch, even an eternal flame. After decades in hibernation Skopje s turbocharged plannersseemed determined that the city should make up for lost time. While Nikola Gruevski, theprime minister, was in office they planned to erect as much public art as some Europeancapitals have put up in three centuries. Many assumed it was some sort of joke. 視頻規劃里的首都，有無數雕塑和紀念碑，簇新的博物館和市政大樓，壯麗輝煌的凱旋門，以及熊熊不熄的火焰。規劃者們野心勃勃，決意一掃幾十年來斯科普里的寂寂無名。尼古拉格魯耶夫斯基任總理后，計劃在首都建造和陳列的公共藝術作品數目之巨，達到了歐洲一些首都三個世紀以來才緩慢積累起來的總量。起初，很多人認為這不過是癡人說夢而已。 Three years later, the project is nearing completion and this corner of the Balkans is sufferingthe shock of the new. For this is more than just a city rejuvenation project. Almost everystructure and statue is part of a wider ideological scheme to recast Macedonia s identity.The heart is Skopje s central square, which for decades was a bleak and empty space. Now ithas been crammed with statuary. There are 19th-century Macedonian heroes, the medievalTsar Samuel and Justinian, a Byzantine emperor who was born near Skopje. Nearby are twosaints, Cyril and Methodius, the fathers of the Cyrillic alphabet. Centre-stage goes to a giantbronze Alexander the Great. He is encircled by warriors, who in turn are surrounded by afountain, with music, roaring lions and lights that change colour. 然而三年之后，規劃已近峻工。其影響和沖擊席卷了這個位于巴爾干一隅的國家;因為它已經遠遠超越了單純城市復興工程的范疇它是一幅意識形態宏圖，旨在重塑馬其頓身份;幾乎每一座建筑，每一尊雕塑都是這幅巨圖的一個符號。其核心是斯科普里廣場。該地幾十年來都荒涼破敗，空曠無人，如今卻雕塑林立，石碑處處。除了在此濟濟一堂的19世紀的馬其頓英雄雕像外，還有中世紀的撒母爾，生于斯科普里附近、后成為拜占庭皇帝的查士丁尼以及創制最早斯拉夫字母的兩位圣人，西里爾和迪烏斯。廣場中心，被武士雕塑眾星拱月般環繞著的，是亞歷山大大帝的巨大青銅像。武士外圍是音樂噴泉，怒獅塑像穿插其間，無數彩燈斑讕變幻。 Ever since Macedonia became independent in 1991 Greece has fought a bitter diplomaticwar with its northern neighbour. The new state, created from a former Yugoslav republic, itargued, was a thinly veiled territorial claim on its own northern region of Macedonia. Worsethe Slav Macedonians, said the Greeks, were trying to steal their Hellenic history and culture. 馬其頓共和國1991年獨立。自此之后，希臘與這位北部鄰居外交傾軋不斷。希臘稱，這個由前南斯拉夫共和國獨立出來的新國家，對于馬其頓北面希臘領土的覬覦之意，簡直是司馬昭之心，路人皆知。更讓人不齒的是，這幫斯拉夫-馬其頓人居然肖想竊取希臘的歷史與文化。 Until Greece blocked Macedonia s accession to NATO in 2008, the government in Skopje neverreally took the history bait from Greece. Since then, however, the nationalist ideologueshave become louder. 對于希臘人后一個控訴，馬其頓從未與之一較長短。然而，2008年馬其頓加入北約的意圖被希臘挫敗之后，馬其頓國內的民族主義呼聲愈發高漲。 Far from the Macedonians being an invented nation, as the Greeks argue, Vangel Bozinovski,one of the architects working on Skopje s revamp says that it is in fact the Greek nation thatwas invented in the 19th century, and hence it is they who are stealing Macedonian history,including that of Alexander the Great. Just to make the point, a statue of Alexander s father,Philip of Macedon, has been erected and several of his mother, Olympia. A neoclassicalarchaeological museum is nearing completion and a new foreign ministry with a classicaltemple-style portico has just been completed. Vangel Bozinovski是參與重建斯科普里的建筑設計師。他說，希臘人一直指責馬其頓是個虛構的民族，事實上，希臘才是個在19世紀被虛構出來的民族，并自此一直在盜用馬其頓的歷史，包括亞歷山大大帝。為了昭示這一點，他們還雕刻了一座亞歷山大的父親腓力二世的塑像和好幾座他母親奧林匹婭斯的雕像。一座新古典主義風格的考古博物館已近完工。新建的外交部官邸則采用了古典圓形柱廊式的廟宇風格。 Neoclassicism is not the only style being reused. Mr Bozinovski, who has built a memorialhouse to honour Mother Teresa, the Skopje-born nun who found fame caring for the dying inKolkata, speaks of eclecticism. He is working on a plan for redeveloping a building whichhe says is going to be real baroque. In 1689 the then Ottoman city was torched by theAustrians. Mr Bozinovski claims that by building baroque he is only restoring this style to itsrightful place; before the fire, he says, Skopje was as baroque as Prague. 新古典主義不是唯一被重新使用的建筑風格。Bozinovski說這里的建筑風格是兼收并蓄式的。他曾建造過一座特蕾莎修女的紀念堂，用以銘記這位生于斯科普里，在印度加爾各答照顧垂死者的著名修女。目前，他正在著手重建一座巴洛克風格的建筑。在斯科普里還屬于土耳其時，它和布拉格一樣充斥著巴洛克建筑，然而在1689年它被奧地利人付之一炬。Bozinovski稱，巴洛克風格的建筑將使城市恢復到大火前的面貌。 But the city also wants to reclaim its more recent past. Close to the parliament building, ontop of which new glass cupolas are now sprouting, is a war memorial for Macedonians killedfighting guerrillas from the country s Albanian minority in 2001. Albanians make up at least aquarter of the population and many loathe what has been done to the capital. I hate it,says Lura Pollozhani, a young Macedonian-Albanian journalist. I don t see me here. Byconcentrating on ancient Macedonian themes, she believes, Albanians are being told: Wewere on this land first. 當然，這座城市也想展示其更近的歷史。議會大廈上嶄新的玻璃穹頂正在施工，它的旁邊就是一座戰爭紀念碑，用以銘記2011年在抵抗阿爾巴尼亞少數民族游擊隊入侵時犧牲的馬其頓勇士們。作為占該國人口四分之一以上的少數民族，很多阿爾巴尼亞人憎亞斯科普里的大改造。我恨這些。一位年輕的阿爾巴尼亞族記者說，在這里我找不到自己的民族。她覺得改造過分集中于馬其頓歷史，好像在告訴阿爾巴尼亞人：我們才是頭一個來這兒的。 But Albanians have political clout in Macedonia and a new square in the predominantlyAlbanian part of the city is also being built. A statue of Skanderbeg, their medieval hero wasalready here, and more monuments will follow. A 30-metre statue of Mother Teresa, anAlbanian, is planned for the city s main square. The reconstruction of a church destroyed in1963 was stopped as part of a vicious quarrel in which Albanians, for their part, demandedthe reconstruction of a mosque. 但是由于阿爾馬尼亞人的政治影響力，在斯科普里的阿爾馬尼亞人聚集區，一座廣場也正在興建。一座阿爾馬尼亞中世紀民族英雄斯坎德培的雕像已然完工，更多的紀念碑將緊隨其后。修女特蕾莎是阿爾巴尼亞人，她的雕像足有30米高，將被矗立在城市的主要廣場上。一座焚毀于1963年的教堂的重建工作被迫叫停，因為阿爾巴尼亞人想重建一座清真寺。 Macedonians have mixed feelings about the government s cultural aggrandisement.Something needed to be done, they say, and something has been done, even if sometimes itis over the top. But Macedonian liberals and the opposition feel aggrieved. Questions arebeing asked in parliament about how much the projects are costing. Saso Ordanoski, aveteran commentator, is especially critical. It is a catastrophe. It is a Disneyland. Theyconsider Macedonia to be the ancient cradle of civilisation and not a normal, small, modernEuropean country. That would be below their standards. 對于政府好大喜功式的文化炫示，馬其頓人喜憂參半。他們覺得有些事兒該做，也確實做了，雖然過頭了些。但是馬其頓自由主義者和反對派則心懷不滿。有人在國會公然質疑該計劃所費幾何。一位叫SasoOrdanoski的資深評論員極為尖銳地指出：這是一場災難。這簡直是個迪斯尼樂園。他們自詡馬斯頓為文明的搖籃，卻忘了它只是一個普遍的歐洲現代小國仿佛承認這一點有損品格似的。 詞語解釋 1.plan for 為做安排 What is your near-term plan for additionalfunding? 你對進一步融資的近期計劃是什么? Anticipate problems that might come up and planfor them. 預測可能出現的問題，提前進行規劃。 2.make up for 補償，彌補 So they build teams that make up for their shortcomings in knowledge, perspective, andexperience. 所以，他們需要組建團隊，彌補自己在知識、洞察力和經驗方面的不足。 Well, one could increase the resolution of the display to make up for some of thedifference. 當然，也許可以增加屏幕分辨率，從而在一定程度上彌補尺寸的不足。 3.put up 張貼;建造 Cic put up most of the money, they added. 他們還表示，大部分資金是由中投提供的。 Hamas has put up a fight, claiming israeli casualties. 哈馬斯已經進行了抵抗，宣稱也造成了以色列人的傷亡。 4.care for 尊重;照料 They are learning to care for one another inside the capsule. 他們正在學著關心密封室里的其他人。 Others care for them more. 另外有人更關愛他們。
2023復習正是強化復習階段，在考研英語中占了40分，所以考研英語閱讀是英語科目中重要的一項。名師老師曾建議過考研生需要堅持每天泛讀10-15分鐘的英文原刊。強烈推薦了雜志《經濟學人》.雜志中的文章也是考研英語的主要材料來源.希望考研考生認真閱讀，快速提高考研英語閱讀水平。 Revamping Skopje 重塑斯科普里 Stones of contention 競爭與炫示的雕塑 Macedonia writes a new story for its capital 馬其頓首都的新篇章 Colouring the future 描畫未來 IN 2010 a computer-generated video of plans for the Macedonian capital was released tojournalists. 2010年，一份電腦生成的視頻規劃被公布給記者，展示了馬其頓首都未來的面貌。 There were to be statues and monuments, new museums and civic buildings, a triumphalarch, even an eternal flame. After decades in hibernation Skopje s turbocharged plannersseemed determined that the city should make up for lost time. While Nikola Gruevski, theprime minister, was in office they planned to erect as much public art as some Europeancapitals have put up in three centuries. Many assumed it was some sort of joke. 視頻規劃里的首都，有無數雕塑和紀念碑，簇新的博物館和市政大樓，壯麗輝煌的凱旋門，以及熊熊不熄的火焰。規劃者們野心勃勃，決意一掃幾十年來斯科普里的寂寂無名。尼古拉格魯耶夫斯基任總理后，計劃在首都建造和陳列的公共藝術作品數目之巨，達到了歐洲一些首都三個世紀以來才緩慢積累起來的總量。起初，很多人認為這不過是癡人說夢而已。 Three years later, the project is nearing completion and this corner of the Balkans is sufferingthe shock of the new. For this is more than just a city rejuvenation project. Almost everystructure and statue is part of a wider ideological scheme to recast Macedonia s identity.The heart is Skopje s central square, which for decades was a bleak and empty space. Now ithas been crammed with statuary. There are 19th-century Macedonian heroes, the medievalTsar Samuel and Justinian, a Byzantine emperor who was born near Skopje. Nearby are twosaints, Cyril and Methodius, the fathers of the Cyrillic alphabet. Centre-stage goes to a giantbronze Alexander the Great. He is encircled by warriors, who in turn are surrounded by afountain, with music, roaring lions and lights that change colour. 然而三年之后，規劃已近峻工。其影響和沖擊席卷了這個位于巴爾干一隅的國家;因為它已經遠遠超越了單純城市復興工程的范疇它是一幅意識形態宏圖，旨在重塑馬其頓身份;幾乎每一座建筑，每一尊雕塑都是這幅巨圖的一個符號。其核心是斯科普里廣場。該地幾十年來都荒涼破敗，空曠無人，如今卻雕塑林立，石碑處處。除了在此濟濟一堂的19世紀的馬其頓英雄雕像外，還有中世紀的撒母爾，生于斯科普里附近、后成為拜占庭皇帝的查士丁尼以及創制最早斯拉夫字母的兩位圣人，西里爾和迪烏斯。廣場中心，被武士雕塑眾星拱月般環繞著的，是亞歷山大大帝的巨大青銅像。武士外圍是音樂噴泉，怒獅塑像穿插其間，無數彩燈斑讕變幻。 Ever since Macedonia became independent in 1991 Greece has fought a bitter diplomaticwar with its northern neighbour. The new state, created from a former Yugoslav republic, itargued, was a thinly veiled territorial claim on its own northern region of Macedonia. Worsethe Slav Macedonians, said the Greeks, were trying to steal their Hellenic history and culture. 馬其頓共和國1991年獨立。自此之后，希臘與這位北部鄰居外交傾軋不斷。希臘稱，這個由前南斯拉夫共和國獨立出來的新國家，對于馬其頓北面希臘領土的覬覦之意，簡直是司馬昭之心，路人皆知。更讓人不齒的是，這幫斯拉夫-馬其頓人居然肖想竊取希臘的歷史與文化。 Until Greece blocked Macedonia s accession to NATO in 2008, the government in Skopje neverreally took the history bait from Greece. Since then, however, the nationalist ideologueshave become louder. 對于希臘人后一個控訴，馬其頓從未與之一較長短。然而，2008年馬其頓加入北約的意圖被希臘挫敗之后，馬其頓國內的民族主義呼聲愈發高漲。 Far from the Macedonians being an invented nation, as the Greeks argue, Vangel Bozinovski,one of the architects working on Skopje s revamp says that it is in fact the Greek nation thatwas invented in the 19th century, and hence it is they who are stealing Macedonian history,including that of Alexander the Great. Just to make the point, a statue of Alexander s father,Philip of Macedon, has been erected and several of his mother, Olympia. A neoclassicalarchaeological museum is nearing completion and a new foreign ministry with a classicaltemple-style portico has just been completed. Vangel Bozinovski是參與重建斯科普里的建筑設計師。他說，希臘人一直指責馬其頓是個虛構的民族，事實上，希臘才是個在19世紀被虛構出來的民族，并自此一直在盜用馬其頓的歷史，包括亞歷山大大帝。為了昭示這一點，他們還雕刻了一座亞歷山大的父親腓力二世的塑像和好幾座他母親奧林匹婭斯的雕像。一座新古典主義風格的考古博物館已近完工。新建的外交部官邸則采用了古典圓形柱廊式的廟宇風格。 Neoclassicism is not the only style being reused. Mr Bozinovski, who has built a memorialhouse to honour Mother Teresa, the Skopje-born nun who found fame caring for the dying inKolkata, speaks of eclecticism. He is working on a plan for redeveloping a building whichhe says is going to be real baroque. In 1689 the then Ottoman city was torched by theAustrians. Mr Bozinovski claims that by building baroque he is only restoring this style to itsrightful place; before the fire, he says, Skopje was as baroque as Prague. 新古典主義不是唯一被重新使用的建筑風格。Bozinovski說這里的建筑風格是兼收并蓄式的。他曾建造過一座特蕾莎修女的紀念堂，用以銘記這位生于斯科普里，在印度加爾各答照顧垂死者的著名修女。目前，他正在著手重建一座巴洛克風格的建筑。在斯科普里還屬于土耳其時，它和布拉格一樣充斥著巴洛克建筑，然而在1689年它被奧地利人付之一炬。Bozinovski稱，巴洛克風格的建筑將使城市恢復到大火前的面貌。 But the city also wants to reclaim its more recent past. Close to the parliament building, ontop of which new glass cupolas are now sprouting, is a war memorial for Macedonians killedfighting guerrillas from the country s Albanian minority in 2001. Albanians make up at least aquarter of the population and many loathe what has been done to the capital. I hate it,says Lura Pollozhani, a young Macedonian-Albanian journalist. I don t see me here. Byconcentrating on ancient Macedonian themes, she believes, Albanians are being told: Wewere on this land first. 當然，這座城市也想展示其更近的歷史。議會大廈上嶄新的玻璃穹頂正在施工，它的旁邊就是一座戰爭紀念碑，用以銘記2011年在抵抗阿爾巴尼亞少數民族游擊隊入侵時犧牲的馬其頓勇士們。作為占該國人口四分之一以上的少數民族，很多阿爾巴尼亞人憎亞斯科普里的大改造。我恨這些。一位年輕的阿爾巴尼亞族記者說，在這里我找不到自己的民族。她覺得改造過分集中于馬其頓歷史，好像在告訴阿爾巴尼亞人：我們才是頭一個來這兒的。 But Albanians have political clout in Macedonia and a new square in the predominantlyAlbanian part of the city is also being built. A statue of Skanderbeg, their medieval hero wasalready here, and more monuments will follow. A 30-metre statue of Mother Teresa, anAlbanian, is planned for the city s main square. The reconstruction of a church destroyed in1963 was stopped as part of a vicious quarrel in which Albanians, for their part, demandedthe reconstruction of a mosque. 但是由于阿爾馬尼亞人的政治影響力，在斯科普里的阿爾馬尼亞人聚集區，一座廣場也正在興建。一座阿爾馬尼亞中世紀民族英雄斯坎德培的雕像已然完工，更多的紀念碑將緊隨其后。修女特蕾莎是阿爾巴尼亞人，她的雕像足有30米高，將被矗立在城市的主要廣場上。一座焚毀于1963年的教堂的重建工作被迫叫停，因為阿爾巴尼亞人想重建一座清真寺。 Macedonians have mixed feelings about the government s cultural aggrandisement.Something needed to be done, they say, and something has been done, even if sometimes itis over the top. But Macedonian liberals and the opposition feel aggrieved. Questions arebeing asked in parliament about how much the projects are costing. Saso Ordanoski, aveteran commentator, is especially critical. It is a catastrophe. It is a Disneyland. Theyconsider Macedonia to be the ancient cradle of civilisation and not a normal, small, modernEuropean country. That would be below their standards. 對于政府好大喜功式的文化炫示，馬其頓人喜憂參半。他們覺得有些事兒該做，也確實做了，雖然過頭了些。但是馬其頓自由主義者和反對派則心懷不滿。有人在國會公然質疑該計劃所費幾何。一位叫SasoOrdanoski的資深評論員極為尖銳地指出：這是一場災難。這簡直是個迪斯尼樂園。他們自詡馬斯頓為文明的搖籃，卻忘了它只是一個普遍的歐洲現代小國仿佛承認這一點有損品格似的。 詞語解釋 1.plan for 為做安排 What is your near-term plan for additionalfunding? 你對進一步融資的近期計劃是什么? Anticipate problems that might come up and planfor them. 預測可能出現的問題，提前進行規劃。 2.make up for 補償，彌補 So they build teams that make up for their shortcomings in knowledge, perspective, andexperience. 所以，他們需要組建團隊，彌補自己在知識、洞察力和經驗方面的不足。 Well, one could increase the resolution of the display to make up for some of thedifference. 當然，也許可以增加屏幕分辨率，從而在一定程度上彌補尺寸的不足。 3.put up 張貼;建造 Cic put up most of the money, they added. 他們還表示，大部分資金是由中投提供的。 Hamas has put up a fight, claiming israeli casualties. 哈馬斯已經進行了抵抗，宣稱也造成了以色列人的傷亡。 4.care for 尊重;照料 They are learning to care for one another inside the capsule. 他們正在學著關心密封室里的其他人。 Others care for them more. 另外有人更關愛他們。
